重庆市区域规划电子沙盘系统的设计与实现   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

王黎明  文辉  王英 《地理研究》2005,24(2):304-310

电子沙盘作为可交互操作的实时的虚拟现实环境,是一种既具有传统沙盘的特点,又集成了多种高新技术的产品。本文应用ArcGIS的内置定制环境VBA对ArcGIS应用程序进行客户化,设计并实现重庆市区域规划电子沙盘系统。该系统中,通过对基础地理数据、数字正射影像数据、社会经济统计数据、各种专题规划数据以及一些目标模型数据等进行三维可视化实现实物沙盘的导航缩放等基本功能。此外,通过二次开发定制扩充了面向区域规划的实用功能,如空间分析、规划方案的设计与比选等辅助规划功能,从而开拓了电子沙盘应用的新领域,将对区域规划工作带来深刻影响。  相似文献   

Geochemical distribution and removal of As,Fe, Mn and Al in a surface water system affected by acid mine drainage at a coalfield in Southwestern China   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Pan Wu  Changyuan Tang  Congqiang Liu  Lijun Zhu  TingQuan Pei  Lijuan Feng 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(7):1457-1467

The chemical characteristics, formation and natural attenuation of pollutants in the coal acid mine drainage (AMD) at Xingren coalfield, Southwest China, are discussed in this paper based on the results of a geochemical investigation as well as geological and hydrogeological background information. The chemical composition of the AMD is controlled by the dissolution of sulfide minerals in the coal seam, the initial composition of the groundwater and the water–rock interaction. The AMD is characterized by high sulfate concentrations, high levels of dissolved metals (Fe, Al, Mn, etc.) and low pH values. Ca²⁺ and SO₄ ²⁻ are the dominant cation and anion in the AMD, respectively, while Ca²⁺ and HCO₃ ⁻ are present at significant levels in background water and surface water after the drainage leaves the mine site. The pH and alkalinity increase asymptotically with the distance along the flow path, while concentrations of sulfate, ferrous iron, aluminum and manganese are typically controlled by the deposition of secondary minerals. Low concentrations of As and other pollutants in the surface waters of the Xingren coalfield could be due to relatively low quantities being released from coal seams, to adsorption and coprecipitation on secondary minerals in stream sediments, and to dilution by unpolluted surface recharge. Although As is not the most serious water quality problem in the Xingren region at present, it is still a potential environmental problem. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

Physiological acclimation strategies of riparian plants to environment change in the delta of the Tarim River,China     

Xiao Ruan  Qiang Wang  Cun-De Pan  Ya-Ning Chen  Hao Jiang 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(8):1761-1773

The occurrence and development of riparian forests, which were mainly dominated by mesophytes species related closely with surface water. Since there was no water discharged to the lower reaches of Tarim River in the past three decade years, the riparian forests degrade severely. The groundwater table, the saline content of the groundwater, as well as the content of free proline, soluble sugars, plant endogenous hormones (abscisic acid (ABA), and cytokinins (CTK)) of the leaves and relative rates of sap flow of the Populus euphratica Oliv. (arbor species), Tamarix ramosissima Ldb. (bush species), and Apocynum venetum L. (herb species) were monitored and analyzed at the lower reaches of the Tarim River in the study area where five positions on a transect were fixed at 100 m intervals along a sampling direction from riverbank to the sand dunes before and after water release. The physiological responses and acclimation strategies of three species to variations in water and salinity stress were discussed. It was found that A. venetum population recovered to groundwater table ranging from −1.73 to −3.56 m, and when exposed to saline content of the groundwater ranging from 36.59 to 93.48 m mol/L; P. euphratica appeared to be more sensitive to the elevation of groundwater table than the A. venetum and T. ramosissima at groundwater table ranging from −5.08 to −5.80 m, and when exposed to saline content of the groundwater ranging from 42.17 to 49.55 m mol/L. T. ramosissima tended to be the best candidate species for reclamation in this hyper-arid area because it responded to groundwater table ranging from −1.73 to −7.05 m, and when exposed to saline content of the groundwater ranging from 36.59 to 93.48 m mol/L. These results explained the distribution patterns of desert vegetation in the lower reaches of the Tarim River. Understanding the relationships among ecological factors variables, physiological response and acclimation strategies of plant individuals could provide guidance to sustainable management, reclamation and development of this and similar regions.  相似文献   

酒泉盆地青西凹陷下沟组湖相热水沉积岩锶同位素地球化学特征   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

文华国  郑荣才  Hairuo Qing  吴国  夏佩芬  陈浩如  廖一 《沉积学报》2009,27(4):642-649

以地质背景、物质组分和岩石组构分析为基础,对酒泉盆地青西凹陷下沟组湖相热水沉积钠长石—铁白云石岩进行了Sr同位素地球化学研究。结果表明,热水沉积岩87Sr／86Sr比值变化范围为0.712 25～0.717 81,平均值0.715 61,远高于同期海水和下沟组玄武岩,略高于代表早白垩世湖水锶同位素组成的藻灰岩,但低于基底壳源硅铝质岩,反映热流体不可能为单纯的湖水或幔源岩浆水;其中直接化学结晶沉淀的纹层状泥微晶热水沉积岩锶同位素比值变化范围较小,可代表均一化的热卤水池流体锶同位素组成特征;指示不同喷流口位置的“水爆角砾岩”锶同位素组成变化较大,但同一位置的热水角砾与胶结物锶同位素组成基本一致,说明两者应属于具相同成因意义的同期热水喷流沉积产物;综合青西凹陷下沟组湖相热水沉积岩锶同位素地球化学特征,初步推测早白垩世湖底热流体可能为富集硅铝质基底岩石高放射成因Sr的深循环下渗湖水与少量上升幔源岩浆水构成的混合热流体,可为青西凹陷早白垩世湖底热流体性质的确定以及热流体循环动力学模型和热水沉积模式的建立奠定基础。  相似文献   

异常压力与AVO异常正演模拟     

于海生  曲立才  文瑞霞 《物探化探计算技术》2009,31(2):139-142

在建立正演压力模型的基础上,讨论了孔隙压力从异常低压递增到极限压力的过程中,在游离气饱和度为20％时,游离气在孔隙中分别以均匀分布和块状分布这二种情况存在,利用理论模型Biot—Geerstma—Smith方程分别算出纵波和转换横波的速度。然后分析异常压力的变化对P波、PS波反射系数的影响,以及由此产生的AVO异常,并且得出可以用AVO曲线来预测异常高压的结论。  相似文献   

贵州茂兰峰丛草地洼地小流域侵蚀产沙的¹³⁷Cs法研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

何永彬  李豪  张信宝  严冬春  文安邦 《中国岩溶》2009,28(2):181-188

在贵州茂兰峰丛洼地区的工程碑草地洼地典型小流域进行了洼地沉积泥沙^137Cs示踪分析研究。研究结果表明：（1）草地洼地土壤剖面属于堆积土壤剖面,土壤剖面中^137Cs浓度分布特征反映了泥沙堆积与表层土壤侵蚀的信息。受岩土分布、微地形的影响,^137Cs初始沉降后出现不均匀再分布,面积活度的空间变化较大,变异系数为1.35,不能表征土壤侵蚀状况。（2）根据草地洼地典型堆积农耕地土壤剖面A-1的^137Cs浓度分布特征,1963年以来的流域平均堆积泥沙数量是16.6t/km^2.a,流域平均土壤侵蚀速率为45.95t/km^2.a,约占侵蚀产沙数量63.88%的泥沙以地下流失的形式散失;（3）草地洼地小流域内地面土壤流失与地下土壤流失的相对贡献率分别是70.13%和29.87%;（4）以茂兰地区最大成土速率为依据推算出的允许土壤侵蚀量是13.51t/km^2.a,草地洼地的土壤侵蚀危险程度极高。  相似文献   

广东凡口铅锌矿床的走滑构造及成矿模式   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1  

梁新权  温淑女 《大地构造与成矿学》2009,33(4)

广东凡口铅锌矿富存于粤北曲仁盆地北缘中、上泥盆统碳酸盐岩石中,是吴川-四会钨、锡、铅、锌多金属成矿带的重要代表性矿床之一。矿区内发育一系列与矿床形成及改造有关的NE向、NNE或NW向走滑构造。其中印支期NE向左行走滑构造是重要的成矿期构造;矿体的空间产出状态和富集程度主要受NE向走滑构造控制,但同时受燕山期与喜山期等成矿期后NNE向和NW向右行走滑伸展构造的改造和影响。矿区NE向走滑构造带的演化与发展及其相伴的岩浆等热液活动是该大型矿床形成的重要制约因素。  相似文献   

长白山生态旅游研究进展评述及研究方向展望     

沈雪瑞  张鹏  温艳玲 《吉林地质》2009,28(2):92-95,105

长白山的生态旅游业已经开展了相当一段时期,然而,关于长白山的生态旅游究竟应如何开展以及还有哪些问题需要解决等等一些话题仍然是许多学者和机构持续关注甚至担忧的问题。本文主要通过相关文献的梳理来介绍学术界对于长白山生态旅游的研究进展,并努力识别一些潜在的研究领域,同时对未来这一课题的研究方向提出一些建议和展望。  相似文献   

软弱夹层速度对瑞利面波频散曲线的影响     

张玉池  温佩琳  张兆京 《矿产与地质》2009,23(4):388-390

文章以弹性波横波速度为参数,利用瑞利面波频散曲线的快速标量传递算法进行正演模拟计算,系统研究软弱层速度对瑞利面波基阶模频散曲线的影响,分析和总结了频率与相速度（f-c）、频率与波数（f-k）、深度与相速度（h—c）等瑞利面波基阶模曲线随软弱层速度变化的规律。  相似文献   

基于时间链的公交网络数据模型研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

闻辉  刘岳峰  郑江华  晏磊 《地理与地理信息科学》2005,21(3):35-38

该文基于实际公交出行过程考察公交网络的特点,指出传统公交网络的局限性,并从公交出行时间链角度提出一种新的公交网络数据模型。该模型综合考虑公交出行中相对时间和绝对时间问题,将影响公众出行决策的所有因素折换成时间因素统一进行考虑和计算,给出基于XML的数据交换格式,并实现基于时间链的城市公交换乘信息的查询。  相似文献