A comprehensive analysis of phenological changes in forest vegetation of the Funiu Mountains,China   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

Zhu  Wenbo  Zhang  Xiaodong  Zhang  Jingjing  Zhu  Lianqi 《地理学报(英文版)》2019,29(1):131-145

Journal of Geographical Sciences - This paper reports the phenological response of forest vegetation to climate change (changes in temperature and precipitation) based on Moderate Resolution...  相似文献   

锁块式水下采油树井口连接器性能分析     

程子云  李文博  张玉  段梦兰 《海洋工程》2019,37(2):40-49

水下采油树井口连接器是连接采油树和井口的关键设备,对深海水下勘探开发及采油树的安装连接具有不可或缺的重要意义。以一种锁块式水下连接器为例,介绍其结构组成和工作原理,通过有限元建立连接器的三维模型,分析连接器在下放安装工况、连接锁紧工况、正常生产工况和钻完井工况下的连接性能,得出井口与采油树本体接触面作用力、VX钢圈接触应力和锁块受力情况随外部载荷的相互关系。结果表明,VX钢圈在整个过程中都能够保持良好密封,井口与采油树本体接触面未发生分离,弯矩对连接器连接性能影响很大,在额定弯矩作用时连接器部分锁块已发生弹塑性失效。  相似文献   

高分辨SAR-GEC影像严密成像几何模型及其应用研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张过  祝彦敏  费文波  李德仁 《测绘通报》2009,(5)

提出并构建SAR影像GEC(Geocoded Ellipsoid Corrected)产品严密成像几何模型,并在此基础上研究用RPC模型替代SAR影像GEC产品严密成像几何模型的町行性以及基于RPC模型的GEC产品的定向和纠正.最后用TerraSAR-X影像验证其理论和算法,得到如下结论:针对高分辨SAR影像GEC级别产晶的严密成像几何模型能用于SAR影像的定向以及正射纠正.  相似文献   

塔里木克拉通东北缘二叠纪镁铁质岩浆氧化物与硫化物成矿条件对比     

徐文博  张铭杰  包亚文  满毅  李思奥  王鹏 《地质学报》2022,96(12):4257-4274

塔里木克拉通东北缘坡北、磁海等地二叠纪幔源岩浆活动形成了镍钴硫化物矿床和铁钴氧化物矿床,两者赋矿镁铁-超镁铁岩体的年龄相近(290～260 Ma),主、微量元素和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成相似,分配系数接近的微量元素比值分布于相同趋势线,揭示两者岩浆源区相同,可能为俯冲板片流体交代的亏损地幔或软流圈地幔。两类矿床镁铁-超镁铁质岩中Co与Ni含量正相关,Co主要富集在基性程度高的岩石中;块状硫化物与磁铁矿矿石中Co与Ni相关性差,Co和Ni具有不同的富集机制,Co热液富集作用明显。北山镁铁-超镁铁杂岩体是地幔柱相关软流圈上涌,诱发俯冲板片交代的亏损岩石圈地幔发生部分熔融,形成的高镁母岩浆演化过程中经历壳源混染、硫化物饱和富集镍钴形成铜镍钴硫化物矿床,富铁母岩浆氧逸度高、富水,岩浆分离结晶磁铁矿、叠加热液作用富集钴,形成铁钴氧化物矿床。  相似文献   

Identifying the source of atmospheric moisture over arid deserts using stable isotopes (2H and 18O) in precipitation          下载免费PDF全文

Wenbo Rao  Wenbing Zhang  Bin Yong  Hongbing Tan  Karina T. Meredith  Ke Jin  Fangwen Zheng  Shuai Wang 《水文研究》2018,32(3):436-449

Precipitation is a major component of the hydrologic cycle in arid desert areas. To date, however, few studies have been conducted on investigating the isotope characteristics and moisture sources of precipitation in arid desert environments. The Alxa Desert Plateau is a critical arid desert area in North China. This study is the first to analyse the stable isotopic composition of precipitation to identify the sources of atmospheric moisture over this plateau. Our results show that the δD and δ¹⁸O values of precipitation across the plateau change greatly at both daily and monthly timescales, and exhibit seasonal variations. Among the main meteorological parameters, atmospheric temperature is the most predominant factor controlling the isotopic composition and the δD–δ¹⁸O relationship of local precipitation. Analyses of the precipitation isotopes with the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model reveal that (a) the westerly and polar moisture sources are the dominant controls on summer and winter precipitation and (b) the evaporation of local lake water significantly affects winter precipitation even though it only represents a small amount. Based on the isotope data of 2013–2016 precipitation, a local meteoric water line (LMWL) is derived: δD = (8.20 ± 0.22)·δ¹⁸O + (8.15 ± 2.16)‰ for the study site. Compared to the global meteoric water line, the LMWL has a greater slope and lower d‐excess. This can be explained by admixing of atmospheric moisture resulting from the evaporation of local lake water. Based on this LMWL, we are able to trace that groundwater of the Badain Jaran Desert originates from the surrounding mountains with altitudes of <4,000 m. The newly derived LMWL shows that the recharge altitudes of desert groundwater are overestimated on the basis of the previous LMWLs. This study not only provides insights into the hydrological cycle but also offers guidance for water resource management in arid desert areas of China. Additionally, this study provides techniques that can be applied to the analyses of precipitation isotopes in similar arid regions of the world.  相似文献   

鲁中地区分类强对流天气环境参量特征分析   总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10  

高晓梅  俞小鼎  王令军  王文波  王世杰  王新红  韩晓 《气象学报》2018,76(2):196-212

将山东中部地区16 a暖季(4-9月)106次伴随瞬时风力不低于8级的强对流个例划分为雷暴大风、冰雹雷暴大风和强降水混合型等3种类型,利用常规探空资料和地面观测资料,通过箱须图的形式分别讨论3种类型对应的一系列关键环境参数的分布特征和预报阈值。进一步,又将上述106次个例中的特强对流个例,包括产生25 m/s以上瞬时大风的特强雷暴大风个例、产生不小于20 mm直径冰雹的特强冰雹个例以及50 mm/h或以上强度的特强短时强降水个例提取出来构成一个子集,讨论其关键环境参数分布特征和预报阈值,并与全部对流个例的相应关键环境参数进行比较。最后,对鲁中地区强对流系统的触发机制进行了简要阐述和讨论。结果表明:(1)雷暴大风型、冰雹雷暴大风型和强降水混合型对应的850和500 hPa温差的最低阈值为25℃; 3种类型对应的地面露点最低阈值分别为13、16和24℃; 相应的大气可降水量最低阈值分别为20、24和32 mm; 相应对流有效位能的最低阈值分别为300、900和1300 J/kg; 相应的0-6 km风垂直切变最低阈值分别为12.0、12.5和8.0 m/s。(2)通过地面露点、大气可降水量以及暖云层厚度等关键参数的分布特征可以将上述3种类型的前两种与第3种类型即强降水混合型进行一定程度的区分,但要通过各个关键参数的分布特征区分前两种强对流天气是困难的。(3)对于伴随冰雹的强对流天气,适宜的融化层高度为3.0-3.9 km; (4)特强雷暴大风、特强冰雹和特强短时强降水等3种特强对流类型与全部强对流个例的3种类型相比,其条件不稳定度明显增大,体现为850和500 hPa温差的增大、水汽条件有所加强、对流有效位能明显增大,3种类型特强对流天气对应的对流有效位能最低阈值分别为1000、1100和2000 J/kg; 相应的0-6 km风垂直切变最低阈值分别为16、12和11 m/s,即特强雷暴大风型和特强短时强降水型的风垂直切变阈值明显增大。上述工作构成了山东中部伴随雷暴大风的强对流天气短时预报的一个基础,结合各类强对流天气发生的气候概率,可以通过决策树或模糊逻辑方法制作成适合于地、市气象台的分类强对流天气短时预报系统。   相似文献   

Deciphering some unique paleotemperature indicators in halite-bearing saline lake deposits from Death Valley, California, USA     

Sheila M. Roberts  Ronald J. Spencer  Wenbo Yang  H. Roy Krouse 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1997,17(1):101-130

Saline lake deposits are arguably the best source of mid- to low-latitude terrestrial paleoclimate data. Alternating clastic sediments and evaporites of different chemical composition have long been recognized as sensitive records of changes in inflow and aridity related to a variety of climate parameters. Several sources of paleotemperature information from a halite-bearing saline lake deposit are described here – pseudomorphs of a cold-temperature evaporite mineral, homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in halite, and stable-isotope compositions of fluid inclusions in halite. Examples of these paleoclimate data come from analysis of the lower half of a 185-m core drilled in Pleistocene saline lake deposits at Death Valley, California. Daily and seasonal temperature variations in saline lake waters create conditions for the appearance and disappearance of temperature-dependent mineral phases. In the Death Valley core, hexagonal-shaped halite crystals, probable pseudomorphs of the cold-temperature hydrous mineral, hydrohalite (NaCl2H₂O), provide evidence of brine temperatures below about 0 °C. Homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in primary halite offer an actual (not proxy) record of surface-brine temperatures. Samples with primary fluid-inclusion textures are carefully selected and handled, and data are collected from single-phase aqueous-brine inclusions chilled to nucleate vapor bubbles. Temperature variations are observable at scales of individual halite crystals (hours to days), single halite beds (weeks to months or years), and multiples of beds to entire facies (hundreds to tens of thousands of years). A ¹⁸O/D stable isotope record from the minute quantities of brines in fluid inclusions in halite is accessible using a method recently developed at the University of Calgary. The stable isotope record from the Death Valley core, a complex response to climate variables including temperature, humidity, storm patterns or seasons, and inflow sources, compliments and expands the interpretation emerging from the stratigraphy and homogenization temperatures.  相似文献   

免像控无人机航测技术在舟曲县立节北山滑坡-泥石流灾害应急处置中的应用     

周小龙  贾强  石鹏卿  何斌  郭富赟  胡文博  李攀龙 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2022,33(1):107-116

近年来,无人机航测技术在地质灾害防治领域广泛应用,特别是在突发性地质灾害应急处置中优势显著。免像控无人机航测技术能够快速获取测绘数据,跟传统航测方法相比,极大的节约了时间和人力成本。文中利用大疆精灵Phantom 4 RTK无人机,对甘肃省舟曲县立节北山滑坡-泥石流灾害进行免像控航测数据获取和处理。根据航测成果快速获取了滑坡形态特征、泥石流沟道特征等相关参数, 分析了滑坡变形迹象,并应用实地测量数据进行免像控航测精度评价分析。研究结果表明:滑坡形态特征、泥石流沟道特征、变形迹象均与实地相符,检核点精度满足《低空数字航空摄影测量内业规范》（GH/Z 3003—2010）数据生产规范,成果数据可用于灾害体变形特征分析、几何参数快速提取,辅助分析评估险情、灾情。对突发性地质灾害应急处置中无人机测绘数据的快速获取工作具有一定的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

青藏高原东构造结林芝地热田浅部典型电性结构及热储关系     

李栋  祝杰  叶高峰  金胜  董浩  魏文博 《地质论评》2023,69(5):2023050018-2023050018

约40 Ma以来,受控于印度板块的俯冲及后期演化,青藏高原喜马拉雅山系东构造结成为了板块活动最强烈的地区之一;由于深部动力学过程中的浅表响应,该地区地热资源极为丰富。笔者等通过对两条音频大地电磁（AMT）测线进行数据处理与分析,查明了测点覆盖区域范围内二维电性结构及主要存在的深大断裂。依据电性结构推测研究区地下1 km深度范围内可分为4层,浅部低阻层为松散砂泥卵石层,下伏的中阻为砾卵石层,其下的低阻为砂岩、板岩、页岩强风化层,最底部的中高阻层推测为古元古界林芝岩群真巴岩组以片岩、花岗岩为主的地层。结合以往大地电磁测深及地震研究发现的地下10~20 km存在大规模近东西向展布且向上延伸熔融流变导致的低速高导体,推测可能是该地区深部热源所在。进一步通过对深部及浅部电阻率模型的综合对比研究,基于地热地质背景、电性结构特征,探讨了该地区的深部热源及热储关系。  相似文献   

湖北银洞沟银矿床地质特征与成因类型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李文博  周卫东  陈世昌  李应平  邓小华  钟日晨 《地学前缘》2010,17(1):177

湖北银洞沟矿床是中国为数不多的较为典型的大型银矿床。文中系统总结了该矿床的地质特征,初步提出了矿床的成因类型。研究结果表明:银洞沟矿床产于秦岭造山带东南部武当群变质火山岩中,矿体受韧性剪切带控制,矿石类型主要为石英脉型和少量蚀变岩型,围岩蚀变矿物组合主要为石英、铁白云石、白云母、钠长石、绿泥石、黄铁矿等,成矿流体特征为低盐度、低密度、富含CO2±CH4±N2的水溶液,矿床上部为低品位银金矿体,中部为高品位银金矿体和少量铅锌矿体,深部银品位降低,金品位增高,同时出现较厚大铅锌矿体。其地质特征与典型的造山型矿床一致,表明其为一造山型银矿床,矿床矿化分带符合造山型矿床成矿模式——地壳连续模型,因此应该充分重视寻找矿山深部金、铅、锌、铜、钼等接替资源。  相似文献