Photometric separation of the bulge and disc components of spirals using CCD imaging     

M. Prieto  J. Cepa  C. Muñoz Tuñon  J. E. Beckman  A. M. Varela 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1990,170(1-2):225-229

We present high-resolution CCD images of a sample of spiral galaxies, in infrared photometric bands, obtained at the Cassegrain focus of the 1 m Jacobus Kapteyn Telescope, La Palma. A decisive advantage of the linearity in these images is that we can effect a reliable separation of the light from bulge and disc. We describe possible applications of the results to determine the structure of the bulges.Paper presented at the 11th European Regional Astronomical Meetings of the IAU on New Windows to the Universe, held 3–8 July, 1989, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.  相似文献   

Space–time changes in hydrological processes in response to human activities and climatic change in the south China     

Xinjun Tu  Qiang Zhang  Vijay P. Singh  Xiaohong Chen  Chun-Ling Liu  Shao-Bo Wang 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2012,26(6):823-834

Due to the influence of climate change and human activities, more and more regions around the world are nowadays facing serious water shortages. This is particularly so with the Guangdong province, an economically prosperous region in China. This study aims at understanding the abrupt behavior of hydrological processes by analyzing monthly precipitation series from 257 rain gauging stations and monthly streamflow series from 25 hydrological stations using the likelihood ratio statistic and schwarz information criterion (SIC). The underlying causes of the changing properties of hydrological processes are investigated by analyzing precipitation changes and information of water reservoirs. It is found that (1) streamflow series in dry season seems to exhibit abrupt changes when compared to that in the flood season; (2) abrupt changes in the values of mean and variance of hydrological variables in the dry season are more common than those in the streamflow series in the flood season, which implies that streamflow in the dry season is more sensitive to human activities and climate change than that in the flood season; (3) no change points are identified in the annual precipitation and precipitation series in the flood season. Annual streamflow and streamflow in the flood season exhibit no abrupt changes, showing the influence of precipitation on streamflow changes in the flood season. However, streamflow changes in the dry season seem to be heavily influenced by hydrological regulations of water reservoirs. The results of this study are of practical importance for regional water resource management in the Guangdong province.  相似文献   

Proterozoic Tectonic Framework and Evolution of North China Craton     

Li Jianghai  Qian Xianglin  Hou Guiting 《Gondwana Research》1999,2(4):568-571

  相似文献   

Using Long-Period Body Wave to Inverse Moment Tensors of the M_S6.8 Jiashi,Xinjiang Earthquake in 2003 and the Moderate and Small Earthquakes before and after It     

Tu Hongwei  Wang Haitao  Zhao Cuiping  Luo Guofu  Wan Xiuhong 《中国地震研究》2008,22(4):460-469

An Ms6.8 strong earthquake took place in Jiashi, Xinjiang on February 24 of 2003. The digital wave form data recorded in Kashi and Wushi stations are selected to inverse the moment tensor solutions for the strong earthquake and the moderate and small earthquakes before and after it （ 108 earthquakes in 2001 - 2004）. 67 focal mechanism solutions have been calculated, and the results agree with those from Harvard University and USGS. The analysis reveals that before the strong earthquake, the moderate and small earthquake distribution was dispersed, and after the event the distribution was mainly concentrated around the strong earthquake. Before the strong earthquake, the seismic faults of the mid and small events had the character of strike-slip and normal faulting, and after the event, they exhibit strike-slip and thrust faulting. The region is dominated by near-NS horizontal compression from the southern block after the strong earthquake.  相似文献   

A New Classification and Index Calibration of Lunar Impact Craters for Digital Terrain Analysis     

Zhou  Yi  Yan  Long  Zhao  Hao  Tu  Jie 《Astronomy Reports》2019,63(12):1069-1079

  相似文献   

浙江缙云县大洋山石鼓尖花岗岩坑穴成因     

朱诚  崔之久  李中轩  高洁  王立新  邬祥林  郑朝贵  沈庆凡  郑献章 《地理学报(英文版)》2009,19(2):239-248

On top of Shigujian Peak (1477 m a.s.l.) of the Dayangshan Mountain in Jinyun County, Zhejiang Province, large amounts of granite pits with diameters ranging from several dozens of centimeters to around one meter and depth from 10 cm to 45 cm are found on rock surface. These pits mainly appear on the NE and SE sides, and their drainage mouths are in the same direction. The identification results through micropolariscope and X-ray fluorescence spectrometer reveal that bedrock of pits is from middle to fine-grained moyite being apt to be weathered and modified. In Dayangshan region the annual mean temperature is 9.2°C and annual precipitation is over 1700 mm. On the one hand, there always experiences a period of periglacial action with temperature oscillating near 0°C for 4 months, i.e., from December to March next year. As a consequence, the freezing-thawing cycles may be remarkable to disintegrate the bedrock. On the other hand, the windward slope of Shigujian Peak meets typhoon of over force 10 on the Beaufort scale in summer, therefore, the blowing makes suspending sands or pebbles grind in swirling form. Based on field investigation and periglacial geomorphic theory, the pits on top of Shigujian Peak are attributed to freezing-thawing of periglacial action. Meanwhile, storm and strong wind accelerate the process. Observation shows that both the actions are still undergoing and variant directions of wind are the main cause for making different shapes of the pits. Because the top of Shigujian is 1500 m lower than the present snow line, some scholars considered that “glacial pothole” formed in the Quaternary is hard to work, even though in the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Foundation: Regional landform and landscape survey programme of the Zhejiang Institute of Geological Survey Author: Zhu Cheng (1954–), Professor, specialized in geomorphology and the Quaternary geology.  相似文献   

��Ƶ���ܵ��㶨λ������ӳٴ������о�   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

涂锐  张勤  黄观文 《大地测量与地球动力学》2010,30(2):99-103

??????????λ??????ò????亯?????????????????????н???????????????????????????????????????????????IGS?????????????????????浥??????Klobuchar???????????????????????????????÷?????????????Ч???  相似文献   

Investigation of the channelling effect on pollutants dispersion between adjacent roadway tunnels     

Y. Tao  J. Dong  X. Pan  Y. Xiao  J. Tu 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2017,14(12):2733-2744

The health risks presented by noxious vehicle emissions inside tunnels has been amplified due to the increasing use of roadway tunnels. Particularly, for adjacent roadway tunnels, vehicular emissions from the upstream tunnel can further deteriorate the air quality within the following tunnels. A scale vehicle tunnel model was designed to experimentally modelled the airflow and pollutants dispersion in contiguous roadway tunnels. The channelling effect on pollutants dispersion between adjacent roadway tunnels was studied, and factors such as ventilation speed, open road section length, traffic condition (e.g. car free, car running and traffic congestion) were considered. Pollutants mass flow rate ratio between downstream and upstream tunnels was calculated to evaluate the variation of the entrained pollutants amount. For the car free condition, pollutant can be easily entrained into the downwind tunnel when the gap distance between roadway tunnels decreased. For the car running condition with fixed tunnel gap distance, the traffic speed variation barely changed the pollutants mass flow rate ratio. Furthermore, evident influences on pollutants concentration were observed from continuous congestion and partial congestion. Lastly, numerical simulation using computational fluid dynamics approach was conducted for the car free scenario, and reasonably good agreements were found for pollutants concentration ratio compared with the experimental data. The results yielded from this study further quantified the relationships among different influential factors on the pollutants dispersion between roadway tunnels, and can contribute to an improved tunnel ventilation system design, especially for the downstream tunnel.  相似文献   

Effect of confining pressure unloading on strength reduction of soft coal in borehole stability analysis     

Qingquan Liu  Yuanping Cheng  Kan Jin  Qingyi Tu  Wei Zhao  Rong Zhang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(4):173

Underground borehole drilling usually causes instability in the surrounding coal due to in situ stress redistribution (including stress concentration and stress release). However, the mechanisms of unloading-induced coal strength reduction are still poorly understood. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the effect of confining pressure unloading on soft coal strength reduction for borehole stability analysis. A series of mechanical tests were conducted on both the traditionally and newly reconstituted coal samples under two different experimental stress paths, including conventional uniaxial/triaxial compression and triaxial compression with confining pressure unloading. The unloading stress path was obtained by analyzing the stress redistribution around a borehole, to capture a more accurate coal mechanical response. According to our experimental results, plastic deformation generated before failure under the unloading stress path is smaller than that generated under the conventional loading stress path. Furthermore, the cohesion of the traditionally and newly reconstituted samples diminishes approximately by 44.77 and 29.66%, respectively, with confining pressure unloading, indicating that there is a significant reduction in coal strength due to confining pressure unloading. The mechanism for unloading-induced coal strength reduction comes from confining pressure unloading-induced increase in shear stress on the fracture surface and a decrease in shear strength. This effect increases the shear slipping potential, whose driving force generates tension fractures at both ends of the preexisting fractures.  相似文献   

中国东部海域及其邻区现代构造应力场研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

徐杰  周本刚  计凤桔  周庆  高祥林  吕悦军  陈国光 《地学前缘》2012,19(4):1-7

中国东部海域是指渤海、黄海和东海地区。前人利用震源机制解、井壁崩落和水压致裂等资料,分别对有关海区的现代构造应力场作过不同程度的研究。文中根据前人的工作并结合海陆地区新构造运动及其动力条件分析,对东部海域及邻区的现代构造应力场进行较深入的研究。该区现代构造应力场以水平至近于水平挤压作用为主要特征,压应力方向从北到南由NE逐渐转为NEE、EW、SEE至SE向,总体呈向东发散的扇形分布。构造应力作用强度具有非一致性,北强南弱。海域具有与大陆统一的现代构造应力场,相应可划为东北、华北和华南3个应力区。中国东部大陆和海域在青藏高原东部被印度板块挤出的构造块体往NE-SE方向滑动推挤及东边太平洋和菲律宾海板块向NWW俯冲推挡的共同作用下,形成现代构造应力场,且青藏高原东部被挤出块体东向滑动的推挤是现代构造应力场产生的主要动力。  相似文献