公众天气预报传播过程的数学模型     

郭虎  彭治班  吴宝俊  王淑静 《气象》1999,25(12):8-11

仿照流行病传播模型的思路,给出了公众天气预报传播过程最简单的数学模型  相似文献   

用改性粘土矿物治理赤潮灾害的前景   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王辅亚  张惠芬  郭九皋  冯璜  王德强 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1999,(4)

赤潮,这一当今全球性的海洋灾害,正严重干扰着３０多个沿海国家的经济发展。近年来,我国已成为一个赤潮灾害多发的国家。我国大陆沿海１９７２年至１９９４年记录有２５６次赤潮灾害,且呈逐年增加趋势。据统计,仅１９９８年的赤潮所造成的经济损失就已超过１０亿人民币。１９９８年是我国赤潮重灾年：三四月份,赤潮袭击香港,造成约３亿港元的损失。广东省从饶平市、汕尾市到深圳、珠海、阳江沿海相继发生了赤潮,蔓延速度之快,致灾面积之大,实属历史罕见,是广东省近１３年来最严重的一次,造成的经济损失超过１亿元。１９９８年下…  相似文献   

兰州第四纪黄土/古土壤序列物源演变: 来自于碳酸盐矿物的证据^*     

蔡青松  杨光亮  范育新  颜雪域  高敏敏  张青松  王荣华  郭雪莲 《古地理学报》1999,24(3):583-598

黄土/古土壤的物源研究对于揭示第四纪气候变化和青藏高原隆升历史具有重要意义。本研究以位于黄土高原西部1.4 Ma以来的兰州黄土/古土壤沉积序列为研究对象,基于X射线衍射技术分析了黄土/古土壤中的主要矿物组成,侧重于碳酸盐矿物含量,追溯了兰州黄土/古土壤的直接物源。结果显示: (1)1.4 Ma以来兰州地区黄土/古土壤沉积物的主要直接源区为柴达木盆地沙漠区和阿拉善干旱区。(2)基于二元混合模型计算的潜在原始源区对兰州黄土白云石和总碳酸盐矿物的相对贡献率以及长石与石英比值结果一致支持1.4 Ma以来兰州黄土原始物源发生了多次变化。1.4~1.1 Ma和0.9~0.3 Ma青藏高原东北缘造山带(昆仑山、祁连山)和中亚造山带对兰州黄土的贡献相当,而1.1~0.9 Ma和0.3 Ma以来,中亚造山带对兰州黄土的物源贡献增加,这可能分别是对中更新世气候转型和0.3 Ma以来青藏高原及邻近地区干冷气候增强的响应。1.15 Ma和0.8 Ma兰州黄土/古土壤中高的白云石含量、碳酸盐矿物总含量以及0.8 Ma长石与石英比值的快速升高可能是对“昆黄运动”的响应,进而造成了昆仑山、祁连山对黄土高原物源贡献的增加。  相似文献   

Forced regression and its sedimentary response to continental lacustrine rift basin: A case of the Member 3 of Shahejie Formation in Laizhouwan sag,Bohai Bay Basin          下载免费PDF全文

Qin Yi  Zhu Xiao-Min  Wang Tong  Guo Cheng  Xie Shuang-Hui 《古地理学报》1999,22(3):457-468

Falling stage systems tract(FSST)is an offlap strata with strong relationship with hydrocarbon exploration,which is driven by relative lake-level fall and developed above the highstand systems tract and below the lowstand systems tract of a new sequence. It has no relationship with sediment supply. Based on the theory of sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology,3D seismic data,drilling core data,and well-logging data were comprehensively analyzed. The study showed that the FSST strata was formed in the Member 3 of Shahejie Formation in the Laizhouwan sag. The FSST can be divided into three units,namely as units P1,P2,and P3 from bottom to top. The P1 is the first unit of progradation downlap the bottom of the FSST. The top of the unit P3 is a sequence boundary exhibits subaerial unconformity. The seismic profile along the source direction is characterized by the low-angle oblique progradation reflection that downstream the center of lake basin from west to east. Incised valleys developed on the top of the FSST perpendicular to the source direction. Gamma-ray logging response is manifested by a series of funnel-shaped complex,indicating that the sedimentary response of the FSST was a cycle of coarsening-upward parasequence sets. Comprehensive studies on core interpretation and well-logging analysis showed that the FSST was a fluvial-delta sedimentary system with slumped fan deposits associated with the delta front. Consequently,the FSST is a common result of relative dry climate and falling of lake level,considering regional tectonic evolution,sediment supply,and paleo-climate change. The discovery of the FSST in the Laizhouwan sag has an important geological significance for the sedimentological interpretation,and it offers a guidance for further oil exploration in the study area. In addition,it also serves as a significant reference for future research on the FSST development and exploration in the continental lacustrine rift basin.  相似文献   

Key signatures of turbidite and sandy debris and core examples in Liaohe Basin          下载免费PDF全文

Yang Ke  Zhu Xiao-Min  Liu Yu  Liu Xing-Zhou  Guo Feng 《古地理学报》1999,22(3):483-492

Gravity flow is a widely-distributed fluid type in nature. Various classification schemes of gravity flow are proposed by different researchers from different viewpoints. The scheme of turbidity flow and debris flow is adopted in this paper. The sedimentary characteristics of turbidite and sandy debrite are summarized and discussed to clarify most typical facies marks of these two rock types. The study shows that turbidite and sandy debris can be identified by the following typical characteristics during the outcrop and core observation: If the graded bedding is developed in sandstone,it should be identified as turbidite;if the muddy rip-up clast or no bedding structure(massive sandstone)is developed in sandstone,it should be identified as sandy debris. These characteristics are the most reliable signatures to distinguish turbidite and sandy debris. In addition,some other sedimentary structures such as deformation bedding,climbing ripple cross bedding,wavy bedding,parallel bedding,scouring surface,lithologic abrupt interface,and flute cast also have certain indicative significance. It is necessary to make a comprehensive judgment based on the sedimentary background,vertical combination of lithofacies,geophysics and other materials when these characteristics are presented in the study.  相似文献   

层状云的雨滴谱分档数值模拟研究   总被引：17，自引：4，他引：13  

郭学良  黄美元  徐华英  周玲 《大气科学》1999,23(4):411-421

通过建立雨滴分档模式,结合部分观测资料,对中国北方常见的三类典型层状云系:强锋面抬升层状云系、气旋尺度辐合层状云系及弱锋面抬升层状云系的云中水成物总比含水量、降水强度及地面雨滴谱进行了数值模拟,并与观测值进行了比较分析。结果表明,雨滴分档模式较一般使用的单参数Marshall-Palmer（M-P）分布的参数化模式更能反映雨滴的自然演变特征。  相似文献   

“将古论今”——环境科学研究中的历史地质学方法     

吴泰然  郭召杰 《高校地质学报》1999,5(1):105-109

传统地质学的“将今论古”方法使地质学取得了巨大的成就,而且还将是今后地质学发展的指导思想,但面对资源、环境、减灾等人类在二十一世纪的主要问题,地球科学所面对的问题时,地质学家首先应该改变或者更新自己的思维方式。如果以地球演化的同一性原理来认识地球,则“将古论今”的方法对解决地球科学面临的挑战人有重要的意义。以历史地质学的方法和视角,研究地质过程的发生、发展和演化过程,以及这种过程在今天和明天的演化趋势,及其对人类生存环境的影响,将是今后一十时期地质科学的主要任务。  相似文献   

华熊地块中生代岩浆作用的物质继承性     

刘红樱  胡受奚  郭坤一  贺菊瑞  戚建中 《地质论评》1999,45(7):645-654

中生代是华熊地块最重要的岩浆作用时期。通过对其中主要地体中燕山期改造型花岗岩和同熔型花岗岩的同位素研究,结合其形成物质背景和地质特征,认为它们的物质特征主要取决于它们继承各自不同的地体物质(特别是基底物质)和同一地体物质的多少程度。地体及其中生代岩浆作用的构造环境是解释这一继承机理的主要因素。  相似文献   

青藏高原大同西侧石英二长岩体地球化学及岩石系列   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

姜耀辉  杨万志 《地球化学》1999,28(6):542-550

大同西侧石英二长岩体位于青藏高原西北缘、西昆仑山主峰地带,形成于早古生代。其地质、地球化学研究表明,岩体岩石组合类型为（石英）二长闪长岩－（石英）二长岩－石英正长岩。岩石主要由斜长石、微斜长石、石英、角闪石、辉少量黑云母组成。岩石化学成分富碱、富钾、Ｋ２Ｏ／ＮａＯ比值大而贫铁,微量元素富集Ｒｂ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ特闫离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,属于钾玄岩系列。  相似文献   

等离子体质谱法同时测定矿化水样中的6种痕量元素   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭冬发  武朝辉 《铀矿地质》1999,(2)

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