Laboratory study on the ecological impact of sophorolipid used for harmful algae elimination     

孙晓霞  孙松 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2010,28(6):1240-1247

We studied the role of sophorolipid in inhibiting harmful algae bloom (HAB). Different sophorolipid concentrations were tested on marine microalgae, zooplankton, fish, and bivalve (Mytilus edulis) in laboratory. The result shows that sophorolipid could inhibit the growth of algal species selectively. Among three algae species selected, Platymonas helgolandica var. tsingtaoensis was promoted with increasing sophorolipid concentration; Isochrysis galbana was inhibited seven days later in sophorolipid concentration below 40 mg/L; and Nitzschia closterium f. minutissima was inhibited obviously in only a high sophorolipid concentration over 20 mg/L. Therefore, sophorolipid in a low concentration at <20 mg/L could remove certain harmful algae species effectively without harming other non-harmful microalgae. For other animals, sophorolipid could inhibit the growth of ciliate Strombidium sp. by 50% at 20 mg/L sophorolipid concentration after 96 h. The concentration in 96-h LC₅₀ for Calanus sinicus, Neomysis awatschensis, Lateolabrax japonicus, and Paralichthys olivaceus was 15, 150, 60, and 110 mg/L, respectively. The 24 h LC₅₀ value for Artemia salina was 600 mg/L. The relative clearance rate of mussel Mytilus edulis decreased to 80%, 40%, and 20% of the control group after being exposed to 20, 50, and 100 mg/L sophorolipid for 24 h. Therefore, the toxicity for mitigation of harmful algae bloom at previously recommended concentration of 5–20 mg/L sophorolipid is low for most tested organisms in this reaserch.  相似文献   

Regional features of the temperature trend in China based on Empirical Mode Decomposition     

SUN Xian  LIN Zhenshan  CHENG Xiaoxia  JIANG Chuangye 《地理学报》2008,18(2):166-176

By the Empirical Mode Decomposition method, we analyzed the observed monthly average temperature in more than 700 stations from 1951–2001 over China. Simultaneously, the temperature variability of each station is calculated by this method, and classification chart of long term trend and temperature variability distributing chart of China are obtained, supported by GIS, 1 km×1 km resolution. The results show that: in recent 50 years, the temperature has increased by more than 0.4℃/10a in most parts of northern China, while in Southwest China and the middle and lower Yangtze Valley, the increase is not significant. The areas with a negative temperature change rate are distributed sporadically in Southwest China. Meanwhile, the temperature data from 1881 to 2001 in nine study regions in China are also analyzed, indicating that in the past 100 years, the temperature has been increasing all the way in Northeast China, North China, South China, Northwest China and Xinjiang and declining in Southwest China. An inverse ‘V-shaped’ trend is also found in Central China. But in Tibet the change is less significant.  相似文献   

The hypermedia data model based on the infinity image     

WAN Xiaoxia 《地球空间信息科学学报》2000,3(4):48-53

This paper presents the hypermedia data model based on the infinity RS image information system we have developed.The hypermedia data model consists of different semantic units called nodes,and the associations between nodes are called links.This paper proposes three kinds of nodes (interior node,physical node and complex node) and two kinds of links (plane network structure link,hyper-cube network structure links).The hypermedia information system,based on the model and the basic data layer (the infiniy RS image),represents a digital globe.An approach to the "Getting Lost in the Hyper-space" problem is presented.The approach using the hypermedia data model is an efficient way of handling a large number of RS images in various geographical information systems.  相似文献   

全球海温异常年代际分量的方差贡献及其与中国气候异常的相关   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

周晓霞王盘兴  祝昌汉覃军 《应用气象学报》2005,16(1):96-104

将全球海洋海表温度异常 (SSTA) 分解为年代际、年际变化两部分, 用方差分析法给出年代际变化分量显著的洋区及其季节变化, 用奇异值分解 (SVD) 方法分析了它与中国冬温 (冬季平均气温)、夏雨 (夏季总降水量) 年代际异常分量的同期和时滞相关联系的时空结构。结果表明, 无论冬、夏, SSTA的方差构成中, 年代际变化分量方差均较年际变化分量显著; SSTA年代际分量正异常时, 中国 (以北方和东部为主) 易出现一致的冬温正异常, 长江流域、华南夏雨易出现正异常, 而华北夏雨易出现负异常; 反之亦然。  相似文献   

陕西盛夏极端降水频次及其与全球海温的遥相关研究     

程肖侠  方建刚  雷向杰 《干旱气象》2014,(1):38-45

基于陕西省78个测站1961~2011年盛夏逐日降水量资料以及NOAA全球2°×2°海温场资料,分析了陕西盛夏极端降水事件气候特征及其与海温场的遥相关关系。结果表明:(1)盛夏,陕西南部、关中西部及陕北南部是极端降水事件高发区;(2)近年来盛夏极端降水事件呈上升趋势,1976年后显著上升;(3)极端降水事件与前期海温场具有较好的遥相关关系,与同期(同月)海温场相关性不显著;(4)上年秋季、冬季赤道中东太平洋和上年秋季阿拉伯海海温异常偏暖,赤道中东太平洋南北两侧海温偏冷,以及前期2月印度洋和中国近海海温异常偏暖,关中中东部及陕南中东部局地7月极端降水偏多,反之亦然;上年秋季印度洋和赤道东太平洋、上年冬季及当年春季印度洋西部海温异常偏暖,关中中西部地区8月极端降水偏多,反之亦然。  相似文献   

利用MEMapGIS快速绘制地质图件方法探讨          下载免费PDF全文

田振环  于晓霞  曹艳玲 《山东国土资源》2014,30(7):65-70

以往地质工作中野外工作和图件编制往往脱节,大大降低了报告编制的效率。近些年涌现的快速绘制图件的方法均不具备普遍适用性。该文利用MEMapGIS软件实现由地质人员在野外快速绘制槽探素描图和钻孔柱状图等图件。该方法大大提高了图件绘制效率,同时减少了人为因素造成的误差,降低了人员成本。  相似文献   

Abundance and characteristics of microplastics in shellfish from Jiaozhou Bay,China     

Kangning ZHANG  Junhua LIANG  Tao LIU  Qingjie LI  Mingliang ZHU  Shan ZHENG  Xiaoxia SUN 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2022,(1):163-172

As an emerging pollutant, the presence of microplastics in marine organisms has been concerned increasingly. Shellfish, which are both economically and ecologic...  相似文献   

Effects of different phosphorus concentrations and N/P ratios on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Skeletonema costatum</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Prorocentrum donghaiense</Emphasis>     

李俊磊  孙晓霞 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,34(6):1158-1172

The effects of different phosphorus (P) concentrations (0.36, 3.6, and 36 μmol/L corresponding to low-, middle-, and high-P concentration groups, respectively) and nitrogen (N)/P ratios on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Skeletonema costatum and Prorocentrum donghaiense were studied. For both species, the high-P (HP) concentration group showed the greatest algal density and highest specific growth rate. Changes in the maximum efficiency of photosystem II (F _v /F _m ) were monitored under the various P and N/P conditions. The largest decrease in F _v /F _m was in the low-P (LP) group in S. costatum and in the HP group in P. donghaiense. There were high rapid light curves and photochemical quantum yields (Φ _PSII) for S. costatum in the HP group, while the actual photosynthetic capacity was higher in P. donghaiense than in S. costatum in the MP group. Under eutrophic but relatively P-restricted conditions, P. donghaiense had higher photosynthetic activity and potential, which could cause this dinoflagellate to increasingly dominate the phytoplankton community in these conditions. Under the same P concentration and N/P ratio, P. donghaiense had a larger relative maximum rate of electron transport and higher Φ _{PS II} values than those of S. costatum. These differences between P. donghaiense and S. costatum may explain the interaction and succession patterns of these two species in the Changjiang (Yangtze) River estuary from a photosynthesis perspective.  相似文献   

Occurrence modes of silver in the Ni-Mo-PGE polymetallic layer of the Lower Cambrian black shales in Zunyi,Guizhou Province,South China     

Tao Han  Xiaoqing Zhu  Shirong Liu  Xiaoxia Li 《中国地球化学学报》2014,33(4):387-392

The Ni-Mo-PGE polymetallic mineralization of the Lower Cambrian black shales locate in Zunyi, South China and contain abundant noble metals such as Ag, Au and PGE, and especially Ag with average concentration of 64×10-6. The occurrence modes of Ag have been investigated using methods of selective chemical dissolution and transmission electron microscopy. The results demonstrate that the occurrence modes of Ag are complex and diversiform. It might be associated with clay minerals, organic matter, sulfides and also occurred as native silver and sulfides with nanometer in size. Combined with results of previous studies, we suggest that the sulfides, clay minerals and organic matter which hosted in the Ni-Mo-PGE polymetallic ores of black shales can play the roles of important reduction and adsorption geochemical barriers for the enrichment and distribution of silver. This study further implies that the selective chemical dissolution and transmission electron microscopy may pave the way to study the occurrence modes of other noble metals in black shales.  相似文献   

土地利用动态监测的LFF图像融合改进应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴连喜余水根  刘晓梅苏小霞 《地球信息科学学报》2004,6(3):94-98,2

遥感是快速获取土地利用/土地覆盖现势信息的重要手段之一。由于不同类型的卫星传感器获取同一地区的遥感数据日益增多,对不同平台、不同光谱响应范围的遥感数据源,用常规的遥感图像融合方法如HSI变换法、Brovey变换法和PCA变换法进行融合时,存在不同程度的光谱扭曲现象,即融合后图像的色彩与多光谱图像存在较大差异,从而影响了地物的识别。针对不同平台、不同光谱响应范围的遥感数据,本文在HSI变换的基础上,提出了一种改进的方法,即,首先对高几何分辨率的全色波段进行LoG滤波,然后将LoG滤波后的全色波段与多光谱经HSI正变换后的强度分量,进行灰度直方图匹配,并替换之,经HSI逆变换便得到融合图像。分析结果表明：LFF融合法的光谱保持性能优于HSI变换法,LFF融合后图像的分类精度高于HSI融合后的图像,LFF融合法是一种能较好保持光谱特性的融合方法。  相似文献