湘江中下游农田土壤和蔬菜的重金属污染   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

王莉霞  郭朝晖  肖细元  陈同斌  廖晓勇  宋杰  武斌 《地理学报(英文版)》2008,18(3):353-362

A total of 219 agricultural soil and 48 vegetable samples were collected from the midstream and downstream of the Xiangjiang River（the Hengyang-Changsha section）in Hunan Province.The accumulation characteristics,spatial distribution and potential risk of heavy metals in the agricultural soils and vegetables were depicted.There are higher accumulations of heavy metals such as As,Cd,Cu,Ni,Pb and Zn in agricultural soils,and the contents of Cd（2.44 mg kg^-1 ）,Pb（65.00 mg kg^-1 ）and Zn（144.13 mg kg^-1 ）are 7.97,3.69 and 1.63 times the corresponding background contents in soils of Hunan Province,respectively. 13.2%of As,68.5%of Cd,2.7%of Cu,2.7%of Ni,8.7%of Pb and 15.1%of Zn in soil samples from the investigated sites exceeded the maximum allowable heavy metal contents in the China Environmental Quality Standard for Soils（GB15618-1995,Grade Ⅱ）.The pollution characteristics of multi-metals in soils are mainly due to Cd.The contents of As,Cd,Cu,Pb and Zn in vegetable soils are significantly higher than the contents in paddy soils.95.8%, 68.8%,10.4%and 95.8%of vegetable samples exceeded the Maximum Levels of Contaminants in Foods（GB2762-2005）for As,Cd,Ni and Pb concentrations,respectively.There are significantly positive correlations between the concentrations of Cd,Pb and Zn in vegetables and the concentrations in the corresponding vegetable soils（p〈0.01）.It is very necessary to focus on the potential risk of heavy metals for food safety and human health in agricultural soils and vegetables in the midstream and downstream of the Xiangjiang River,Hunan Province of China.  相似文献   

大型建筑设施物联网应用的探索     

张涵  易志辉  陈晓勇  徐超 《地理信息世界》2021,28(1):85-89

经过近30年的发展,我国桥梁健康监测系统研究与应用取得了可喜的进步,越来越多的大型桥梁开展自动化监测系统建设工作.然而目前部分监测系统均存在着重硬件、重单体、监测精度低等问题.本文结合国内外研究现状,在现有监测体系的基础上,构建了多因子、多维度桥梁健康监测体系,并提出了一种结合5G网络技术的集自动监测、巡检、养护、管理、预警和决策指挥于一体的桥梁健康系统,实现桥梁振动、位移、山体滑坡和地震等突发事件的实时报警,提供专家库一键式解决方案.  相似文献   

Comparison of soil moisture products from microwave remote sensing,land model,and reanalysis using global ground observations     

Yuanhong Deng  Shijie Wang  Xiaoyong Bai  Luhua Wu  Yue Cao  Huiwen Li  Mingming Wang  Chaojun Li  Yujie Yang  Zeyin Hu  Shiqi Tian  Qian Lu 《水文研究》2020,34(3):836-851

High-quality soil moisture (SM) datasets are in great demand for climate, hydrology, and other fields, but detailed evaluation of SM products from various sources is scarce. Thus, using 670 SM stations worldwide, we evaluated and compared SM products from microwave remote sensing [Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) (C- and X-bands) and European Space Agency's Climate Change Initiative (ESA CCI)], land surface model [Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS)], and reanalysis data [ECMWF Re-Analysis-Interim (ERA-Interim) and National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)] under different time scales and various climates and land covers. We find that: (a) ESA CCI and GLDAS have the closest values to the in situ SM on the annual scale, whereas others overestimate the SM; ERA-Interim (averaged R = 0.58) and ESA CCI (averaged R = 0.54) correlate best with the in situ data, while GLDAS performs worst. (b) Overall, the deviations of each product vary in seasons. ESA CCI and ERA-Interim products are closer to the in situ SM at seasonal scales, and AMSR-E and NCEP perform worst in December–February and June–August, respectively. (c) Except for NCEP and ERA-Interim, others can well reflect the intermonthly variation of the in situ SM. (d) Under various climates and land covers, AMSR-E products are less effective in cold climates, whereas GLDAS and NCEP products perform poorly in arid or temperate and dry climates. Moreover, the Bias and R of each SM product differ obviously under different forest types, especially the AMSR-E products. In summary, SM from ESA CCI is the best, followed by ERA-Interim product, and precipitation is an important auxiliary data for selecting high-quality SM stations and improving the accuracy of SM from GLDAS. These results can provide a reference for improving the accuracy of the above SM products.  相似文献   

Calculation of the CO2 Degassing during Contact Metamorphism and Its Geological Significance: The Model and Example from the Shuanshan Area of the South Tan–Lu Fault Belt     

YANG Xiaoyong  LIU Deliang  CHEN Yongjian  DAI Jinxing 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(3):562-576

The paper studies CO2 degassing and controlling factors under the condition of contact metamorphism in the Shuangshan area, southern Tan-Lu fault belt and the method of calculating the amount of CO2 degassing. The results show that the amount of CO2 degassing is controlled by the characteristics of the country rocks, including the thermal conductivity, penetrability, porosity and connectivity. Compositions, size and depth of intrusive rock also have an important influence on CO2 degassing, i.e., they generated numerous cracks in the country rocks, and thus allowed the easy flow and accumulation of fluids. The amount of CO2 flux in contact metamorphism is calculated quantitatively based on the metamorphic reaction and time-integrated fluid flux. The value （0.729- 2.446×10^4 mol/cm^2） of CO2 flux suggests that CO2 was provided mainly by the contact metamorphic reaction. The generation and releasing of CO2 are positively correlated with the degree of metamorphism, and XCO2 in fluids gradually increases from dolomite zone to calcite zone, but in the zone of grossular, fluid flux is the largest and XCO2 sharply decreases due to involvement of magmatic water. This study presents evidence that a large amount of industrial-scale CO2 can be produced during contact metamorphism. On the basis of theoretical and practical studies, a cone model has been proposed to response CO2 degassing for the contact metamorphism, and it can be used to explore CO2 accumulations beyond the oil-gas basins. This model can also be applied to the study of inorganic genesis of CO2 accumulations.  相似文献   

资源三号卫星测绘技术与应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

唐新明  王鸿燕  祝小勇 《测绘学报》2017,46(10):1482-1491

系统总结了资源三号测绘卫星发射以来的技术、产品研发及数据应用情况。在介绍卫星总体技术参数的基础上,阐述了影像的辐射校正、姿态处理、几何检校、成像模型建立的方法,以及5年来的工程实现情况,对数据的应用情况进行了概括和总结,并简单展望了测绘卫星的发展前景。  相似文献   

北斗卫星ECOM光压模型参数选择策略分析     

毛悦  宋小勇  贾小林  阮仁桂 《测绘学报》2017,46(11):1812-1821

以ECOM经验光压模型为基础,利用北斗卫星3年的精密星历进行轨道拟合,获得了ECOM光压参数的变化规律,给出了北斗3类卫星的ECOM光压参数选择策略。从北斗卫星姿态控制模式出发,通过卫星星体受照分析,指出在北斗卫星地影期零偏航状态下,由于太阳对卫星帆板的不正照,导致与动态偏航姿态相比,光压摄动力存在与轨道周期相关的分量,需要在ECOM 5参数的基础上增加D向周期分量进行吸收。通过MGEX全球网数据定轨试验,本文提出的方法可使零偏段定轨重叠段位置精度提高50%~80%。  相似文献   

用形态变换生成区域间等分界线的快速并行算法     

陈晓勇 《测绘学报》1991,20(4):252-259

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印尼巴布亚新生代岩浆活动对斑岩型铜金成矿的控制:以Grasberg斑岩型铜金矿床为例     

亓华胜  杨晓勇 《地质论评》2016,62(S1):175-176

Grasberg斑岩铜金矿床位于新几内亚岛西巴布亚地区（图1）,是全球著名的铜金矿床,为已发现的高品位斑岩型铜金矿床之一（Cu >1%,Au >1 g/t）,铜金储量规模巨大。该地区自新生代以来一直处于活动大陆边缘和岛弧环境,其大地构造位置欧亚板块-印度-澳大利亚板块和太平洋板块的结合部位,板块间的汇聚、碰撞、俯冲和拆离、扩张等地质作用形成了复杂的沟-弧-盆体系（Baldwin et al., 2012）,也形成了该地区复杂的构造系统,概括为增生岛弧地体、巴布亚移动变质带、巴布亚褶皱带、Fly地台四个构造单元。由于缺少对Grasberg斑岩型铜金矿床成矿岩浆地球化学属性的深入研究,其成因机制和构造演化存在诸多争论。本文对该岩体开展地球化学研究,以期探索巴布亚新生代区域岩浆岩演化和铜金成矿作用。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统凝灰岩中的铀富集     

SHAMIM Akhtar  古黄玲  杨晓勇 《地质论评》2016,62(S1):403-404

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大兴安岭北段新林区塔木兰沟组火山岩成因及地幔富集作用     

杨华本  王文东  闫永生  魏小勇  耿成宝 《地质论评》2016,62(6):1471-1486

本文报道了大兴安岭北段新林区塔木兰沟组玄武岩样品锆石U-Pb定年结果和岩石地球化学分析,探讨了塔木兰沟组玄武岩的成因及中生代岩石圈地幔的性质。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,塔木兰沟组玄武岩形成于晚侏罗世(~153Ma),该玄武岩样品的SiO_2含量介于49.96%~59.06%之间,全碱含量介于5.21%~7.44%之间,Mg~#{100×n(Mg~(2+))/[(n(Mg~(2+))+n(Fe~(2+))]}值介于50~94之间。该玄武岩相对富集轻稀土元素(LREEs)、亏损重稀土元素(HREEs),La_N/Yb_N值介于10.7~20.0之间,具有轻微的Eu异常(δEu=0.80~1.09),结合区域研究成果,认为塔木兰沟组玄武岩形成于蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合造山后岩石圈伸展环境,源区岩浆起源于石榴子石相二辉橄榄岩与尖晶石相二辉橄榄岩部分熔融的混合形成,含富含挥发分的金云母和角闪石等,暗示岩石圈地幔经历了交代作用的改造,交代类型以俯冲板片流体/熔体交代为主。结合区域已有研究表明,本区地幔交代富集作用来源于蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋的向南俯冲,塔木兰沟组火山岩形成于蒙古~鄂霍茨克洋闭合造山后岩石圈伸展背景。  相似文献