地球表面积的计算     

杨学祥 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1987,(3)

严格地说,地球是一个三轴椭球体。由k=2的近似计算公式,可以得到精确数字为8位的地球表面积数值。三轴椭球体表面积公式建立了地球三个半轴与地表面积之间的函数关系。对于已测得的三个半轴的任何微小变化,由微分近似计算公式可以得到相应的地表面积的变化。这就为研究地球形变和地壳运动之间的关系提供了一个数量化的有力工具。  相似文献   

太平洋环流速度减慢的原因   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

杨学祥 《世界地质》2003,22(4):380-384

对南极气温资料、环南极海冰资料、太平洋海温资料、厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜资料的模拟验证，发现厄尔尼诺事件发生与德雷克海峡海冰减少在时间上有对应关系。南极半岛海冰减少是太平洋环流速度减慢的原因，德雷克海峡的海冰起重要作用。这一综合检验结果给出以日食—厄尔尼诺系数预测厄尔尼诺事件的有效性和准确性。两年周期的太平洋海温振荡使日食与厄尔尼诺之间存在12～24个月的位相差。  相似文献   

柴达木盆地北缘大柴旦和锡铁山榴辉岩中石榴子石环带对比及地质意义   总被引：14，自引：4，他引：14  

张建新  孟繁聪等 《地质通报》2002,21(3):124-129

大柴旦榴辉岩和锡铁山榴辉岩同为柴达木盆地北缘高压—超高压变质带的组成部分,但它们的岩相学特征、形成的PT条件及榴辉岩中石榴子石中保存的成分环带均具有明显的差异。大柴旦榴辉岩峰期变质的PT条件为T=620～730℃,P=2.3～2.8GPa,岩相学研究表明其经历了近等温降压或降温降压的后榴辉岩相历史,保存有进变质的矿物组合和石榴子石的生长环带及增生结构。相反,锡铁山榴辉岩的榴辉岩相的温度较高,岩相学研究显示其具有明显的后榴辉岩相的高温麻粒岩相的叠加,PT轨迹显示压力峰期早于温度峰期,具有略升温降压的后榴辉岩相变质历史,榴辉岩中石榴子石的成分环带表现为扩散环带,没有生长环带保留。大柴旦榴辉岩和锡铁山榴辉岩的不同的石榴子石环带特征反映了两者在形成过程中,特别是折返过程中不同的构造热历史。  相似文献   

西藏雅鲁藏布江流域典型沙漠区生态修复植物群落物种多样性     

常学向  陈怀顺  李志刚  张红萍 《中国沙漠》2021,41(6):187-194

为了深入了解和探讨西藏沙化土地治理区的植物群落的结构类型、组织水平和稳定程度,根据西藏雅鲁藏布江河谷沙地山南市全国防沙治沙综合示范区20个样地的调查资料,分析了西藏山南市全国防沙治沙综合示范区植物群落物种多样性特征。结果表明：西藏山南市全国防沙治沙综合示范区的植物有34种,藏沙蒿（Artemisia wellbyi）、花棒（Hedysarum scoparium）、桑（Morus alba）、沙打旺（Astragalus adsurgens）和沙蒿（Artemisia desertorum）占优势地位。综合示范区固沙植被平均盖度为31.6%±13.1%;平均生长高度为41.2±19.9 cm;平均生长密度为4.6±4.7株·m^-2。植物群落物种多样性H指数平均为0.99±0.54;物种多样性D指数平均为2.55±1.37;物种均匀度平均为1.76±0.75。  相似文献   

GPS网外业观测成果质量检核   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高桂棠  余学祥  丁恺  张勇 《测绘信息与工程》2008,33(4)

以刘庄矿为例, 通过对矿区首采面地表移动观测站进行GPS控制网测量以及外业数据的初步处理,实现了对GPS网的重复边检核、同步环闭合差检核和异步环闭合差检核,提高了GPS外业测量的精度和效率,确保了外业成果的可靠性,为内业数据处理提供了可靠的依据,并为今后各期刘庄矿区地表移动观测站测量提供了技术保证,实现了效益和精度的提高.  相似文献   

一个锢囚状中尺度对流系统的多尺度结构分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

易笑园  李泽椿  姚学祥  王红艳  孙晓磊 《气象学报》2011,69(2):249-262

利用多普勒雷达、气象卫星、自动气象站等监测资料、1°×1°NCEP再分析资料和4DVAR雷达反演低层风场资料,运用雷达拼图图形叠加、剖面和中尺度滤波等分析手段,对2007年7月18日华北东部一个锢囚状a中尺度对流系统(MaCS)的多尺度空间、动力结构及其演变进行了细致地分析.结果表明:(1) MaCS生命史分为发生发展...  相似文献   

2009年秋季冀中南暴雪过程的地形作用分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张迎新  姚学祥  侯瑞钦  李宗涛  裴宇杰 《气象》2011,37(7):857-862

2009年11月10-11日,河北中南部地区出现了回流暴雪天气,强降雪中心位于太行山喇叭口地形南侧迎风坡处。本文使用MM5数值试验结果分析中小尺度地形对于降雪的影响。结果表明：在喇叭口地形作用下北侧为下坡风,南侧为迎风坡,出现上升运动;由于向东开口的喇叭口地形对于气流有汇聚作用,整个喇叭口地形上空到800 hPa为地形辐合产生的上升运动。垂直剖面显示低层地形产生的上升运动冲破逆温层（或与逆温层内波动的上升支叠加）,与700 hPa以上的西风带低槽系统引起的上升支叠加,加强了垂直上升运动,且东北风遇山后呈现出两支气流,一支在山前堆积下沉,一支在山前冷空气堆前上升,且山前冷空气下沉支逐步形成环流圈,说明冷空气在山前堆积,气流在冷空气堆以东上升。这可能是降雪中心在平原而不在山坡的主要原因。  相似文献   

The Relation between Tectonic Movement and Climatic Change     

Xuexiang Yang  Qiyuan Qiao  Dianyou Chen 《世界地质(英文版)》2003,6(1)

Climate and tectonics are two interactive factors in the earth's system. They are controlled by astronomical cycles. It has been unheeded for a long time that large-scale material motion caused by global climatic change is one of the powers for tectonic movement. Tectonic movement makes the distributional pattern of continent and ocean change and makes global climate type change strongly in large scale. It is a good example that the change of the sea-ice around Antarctic Continent and in the Drake Passage has the switch process for global climatic changes. Tide makes the oceanic crust of the East Pacific Ocean and the West Pacific Ocean rise or fall 60 cm oppositely. Before and after El Nino events,the oceanic level of the East Pacific Ocean and the West Pacific Ocean may rise or fall 40 cm oppositely. Because of isostasy, oceanic crust may fall or rise 13 or 20 cm. They are the reasons why El Nino events are interrelated with the earthquakes and volcanoes. This is so called seesaw phenomenon of oceanic crust.  相似文献   

Strong Tides in 1964 and 1982     

Dianyou Chen  Xuexiang Yang  Qiyuan Qiao 《世界地质(英文版)》2003,6(1)

The differential rotation between solid and fluid caused by tidal force can explain a 1500 to 1800-year cycle of the climate change. Strong tide increases the vertical and horizontal mixing of water in ocean by drawing the cold Pacific water from the depths to the surface (or by making the warm water flow from the West Pacific to the East as well as from the North to the South). It cools or warms the atmosphere above and makes La Nina or El Nino occur in the whole world. Astronomical data have shown that strong tide is often associated with El Nino events. Volcanic activities at submarine are also controlled by strong tide. Volcanic activities can also draw warm water from the depths to the surface in the Pacific and volcanic ash can keep out sunlight, which is the most important external forcing factor for El Nino. If volcanic ash reaches into the stratosphere, finer aerosols will spread throughout the globe during a few months and will float in it for one to three years to weaken the sun's direct radiation to the areas. It is one of the factors to postpone EI Nino just like the process of solar eclipse.  相似文献   

Rare earth element geochemistry of the Woxi W–Sb–Au deposit, Hunan Province, South China     

Xuexiang Gu  Oskar Schulz  Franz Vavtar  Jianming Liu  Minghua Zheng  Shaohong Fu 《Ore Geology Reviews》2007,31(1-4):319

The Woxi W–Sb–Au deposit in Hunan, South China, is hosted by Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks, a turbiditic sequence of slightly metamorphosed (greenschist facies), gray-green and purplish red graywacke, siltstone, sandy slate, and slate. The mineralization occurs predominantly (> 70%) as stratabound/stratiform ore layers and subordinately as stringer stockworks. The former consists of rhythmically interbedded, banded to finely laminated stibnite, scheelite, quartz, pyrite and silty clays, whereas the latter occurs immediately beneath the stratabound ore layers and is characterized by numerous quartz + pyrite + gold + scheelite stringer veins or veinlets that are typically either subparallel or subvertical to the overlying stratabound ore layers. The deposit has been the subject of continued debate in regard to its genesis. Rare earth element geochemistry is used here to support a sedimentary exhalative (sedex) origin for the Woxi deposit. The REE signatures of the metasedimentary rocks and associated ores from the Woxi W–Sb–Au deposit remained unchanged during post-depositional processes and were mainly controlled by their provenance. The original ore-forming hydrothermal fluids, as demonstrated by fluid inclusions in quartz from the banded ores, are characterized by variable total REE concentrations (3.5 to 136 ppm), marked LREE enrichment (La_N/Yb_N = 28–248, ∑LREE/∑HREE = 16 to 34) and no significant Eu-anomalies (Eu/Eu = 0.83 to 1.18). They were most probably derived from evolved seawater that circulated in the clastic sediment pile and subsequently erupted on the seafloor. The bulk banded ores are enriched in HREE (La_N/Yb_N = 4.6–11.4, ∑LREE/∑HREE = 3 to 14) and slightly depleted in Eu (Eu/Eu = 0.63 to 1.14) relative to their parent fluids. This is interpreted as indicating the influence of seawater rather than a crystallographic control on REE content of the ores. Within a single ore layer, the degree of HREE enrichment tends to increase upward while the total REE concentrations decrease, reflecting greater influence and dilution of seawater. There is a broad similarity in chondrite-normalized REE patterns and the amount of REE fractionation of the banded ores in this study and exhalites from other sedex-type polymetallic ore deposits, suggesting a similar genesis for these deposits. This conclusion is in agreement with geologic evidence supporting a syngenetic (sedex) model for the Woxi deposit.  相似文献