岩土工程勘察计算机软件开发及应用     

孙毅 《岩土力学》2002,23(Z1)

对岩土工程勘察CAD软件开发及应用中的指导思想做了较为系统的阐述,并进行了有益的探讨.  相似文献   

数字化射线照相技术对轻物质的判断     

韩裕生  罗娅  丁厚本  邵立康  廖南  朱平安 《CT理论与应用研究》2002,11(1):10-12

本文介绍了数字化射线照相技术对轻物质进行判断的方法。经实践证明，该方法是合理和有效的，可大大增强对轻物质的识别能力，是一种非常可行的识别技术。  相似文献   

资源环境与社会经济协调发展探析   总被引：15，自引：2，他引：15  

李胜芬  刘斐 《地域研究与开发》2002,21(1):78-80

文章首先回顾了资源环境与社会经济发展的理论，提出资源环境与社会经济协调发展内涵：一方面，要在资源环境承载力范围内发展社会经济，追求社会经济发展的最大化，另一方面，环境承载力是动态的，要依靠社会经济发展不断提高，这两个方面是相互作用、相互制约的。在此基础上，详细论述了资源环境与社会经济协调发展的内容,并从社会经济发展、资源环境管理等角度探讨了资源环境与社会经济协调发展的政策调控，通过建立节约型国民经济体系、深化资源环境管理，实现区域一体化，以保证资源环境与社会经济协调发展的实现。  相似文献   

污染土壤中多环芳烃的微生物降解及其机理研究进展   总被引：24，自引：1，他引：24  

陶雪琴  党志  卢桂宁  易筱筠 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2003,22(4):356-360

多环芳烃(PAHs)是一类普遍存在于环境中的难降解危险性“三致”有机污染物。微生物对多环芳烃的降解是去除土壤中多环芳烃的主要途径。研究表明，对于土壤中低分子量多环芳烃类化合物，微生物一般以唯一碳源方式代谢；而大多数细菌和真菌对四环或四环以上的多环芳烃的降解作用一般以共代谢方式开始。本文重点论述了高分子量多环芳烃：芘和苯并(a)芘的微生物降解及其机理。并介绍了多环芳烃污染的微生物—植物联合修复机制，最后展望了污染土壤中多环芳烃的研究趋势。  相似文献   

高密度电阻率法二维成像方法及其应用   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

汤洪志  周亚东  徐飞  王清瑜  高文辉 《华东地质学院学报》2003,26(1):87-90,94

高密度电阻率法在工程勘察和环境监测中是一种很重要的勘探手段，高密度电阻率法二维成像理论与方法的研究在理论和实际应用上都有着很重要的意义。随着地球物理反演和成像技术研究的兴起和发展，层析成像技术在高密度电阻率法中的应用，提高了高密度电阻率法的勘探质量和精度。本文献电阻率法层析成像技术的前提条件及高密度电阻率法二维成像理论与方法进行了粗浅探讨，最后给出了一些应用实例。  相似文献   

零价铁去除Cr（Ⅵ）的批实验研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

黄园英刘菲  鲁雅梅 《岩石矿物学杂志》2003,22(4):349-351

零价铁去除Cr(Ⅵ)的一系列批实验结果表明：水溶液中发生的氧化还原反应符合准一级反应；对于相同粒度的铁屑(比表面积2．89m^2／g)，固液比由05g／100mL增加到2．0g／100mL，Cr(Ⅵ)质量浓度达到排放标准所需反应时间从26．7min降为3．6min；在固液比相同、原水中Cr(Ⅵ)质量浓度不超过30mg／L时，原水质量浓度增大，达到饮用水标准的反应时间增加；其他条件相同，升高温度可提高零价铁与Cr(Ⅵ)的反应速率。  相似文献   

地表剥蚀作用对地应力场反演的影响   总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2  

易达  陈胜宏 《岩土力学》2003,24(2):254-256

岩体自重和剥蚀作用都是形成岩体初始应力场的重要因素。在地应力回归分析中，反演所得岩体重度往往大于实测重度。通过算例说明，地表剥蚀作用因素是导致该结果的主要原因，并分析了由此产生的一些工程应用问题。  相似文献   

Scaling effects on modeled surface energy-balance components using the NOAH-OSU land surface model   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

V. Sridhar  Ronald L. Elliott  Fei Chen 《Journal of Hydrology》2003,280(1-4):105-123

As surface exchange processes are highly non-linear and heterogeneous in space and time, it is important to know the appropriate scale for the reasonable prediction of these exchange processes. For example, the explicit representation of surface variability has been vital in predicting mesoscale weather events such as late-afternoon thunderstorms initiated by latent heat exchanges in mid-latitude regions of the continental United States. This study was undertaken to examine the effects of different spatial scales of input data on modeled fluxes, so as to better understand the resolution needed for accurate modeling. A statistical procedure was followed to select two cells from the Southern Great Plains 1997 hydrology experiment region, each 20 km×20 km, representing the most homogeneous and the most heterogeneous surface conditions (based on soil and vegetation) within the study region. The NOAH-OSU (Oregon State University) Land Surface Model (LSM) was employed to estimate surface energy fluxes. Three scales of study (200 m, 2 and 20 km) were considered in order to investigate the impacts of the aggregation of input data, especially soil and vegetation inputs, on the model output. Model results of net radiation and latent, sensible and ground heat fluxes were compared for the three scales. For the heterogeneous area, the model output at the 20-km resolution showed some differences when compared with the 200-m and 2-km resolutions. This was more pronounced in latent heat (12% decrease), sensible heat (22% increase), and ground heat flux (44% increase) estimation than in net radiation. The scaling effects were much less for the relatively homogeneous land area with 5% increase in sensible heat and 4% decrease in ground heat flux estimation. All of the model outputs for the 2- and 20-km resolutions were in close agreement. The results suggested that, for this study region, soils and vegetation input resolution of about 2 km should be chosen for realistic modeling of surface exchange processes. This resolution was sufficient to capture the effects of sub-grid scale heterogeneity, while avoiding the data and computational difficulties associated with higher spatial resolutions.  相似文献   

无验潮模式下的GPS水下地形测量技术   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

马小计  何义斌  赵建虎 《测绘科学》2003,28(2):29-30,34

传统的水下地形测量模式定型于利用GPS测定水底点的平面位置,利用测深仪测定水底点的深度,附之以瞬时潮位资料,获得点位的高程。这种模式在上述条件具备的情况下,可取得完满的结果。但当验潮条件不具备时,该模式将不能获得测点的高程。为了弥补这一缺陷,简化工作流程,提高水下地形测量的精度,本文提出了一种无验潮模式下的水下地形测量思想,该思想不用专门测定潮位,而直接利用GPS的RTK测量技术,辅之以姿态测量和补偿,从而获得高精度的水底点高程。该方法被验证是正确的,希望进一步推广应用。  相似文献   

Paleoclimate Changes during the Early Oiigocene in the Hoh Xil Region, Northern Tibetan Plateau     

LIUZhifei WANGChengshan AlainTRENTESAUX ZHAOXixi YIHaisheng HUXiumian JINWei 《《地质学报》英文版》2003,77(4):504-513

Sedimentological, cyclic-stratigraphic, paleomagnetic, and clay-mineralogical studies on the early Oligocene Yaxicuo Group in the Hoh Xil Basin, the largest Cenozoic sedimentary basin in the hinterland of the Tibetan Plateau, provide abundant information of paleoclimate changes. A 350-m thick section in the middle-lower Yaxicuo Group was analyzed to reveal the climatic history that occurred in the Hoh Xil region during the early Oligocene interval 31.30-30.35 Ma, dated with the paleomagnetic chronostratigraphy. The results indicate that add and cold climate dominated the Hoh Xil region during the early Oligocene in general, being related to the global cooling and drying events that occurred in the earliest Oligocene. Within this period, relatively warm and wet climate accompanied by strong tectonic activity occurred in the 31.05-30.75 Ma interval; while add and cold climate and relatively inactive tectonics occurred in the 31.30-31.05 and 30.75-30.35 Ma intervals. Furthermore, spectral analyses of high-temporal resolution paleoclimatic records show orbital periods including eccentricity, obliquity, and precession. It is concluded that paleoclimate changes during the early Oligocene in the Hoh Xil region were forced by both tectonic activity and orbital periods.  相似文献