Global mean sea surface and marine gravity anomaly from multi-satellite altimetry: applications of deflection-geoid and inverse Vening Meinesz formulae   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

C. Hwang  H.-Y. Hsu  R.-J. Jang 《Journal of Geodesy》2002,76(8):407-418

 Global mean sea surface heights (SSHs) and gravity anomalies on a 2^′×2^′ grid were determined from Seasat, Geosat (Exact Repeat Mission and Geodetic Mission), ERS-1 (1.5-year mean of 35-day, and GM), TOPEX/POSEIDON (T/P) (5.6-year mean) and ERS-2 (2-year mean) altimeter data over the region 0^∘–360^∘ longitude and –80^∘–80^∘ latitude. To reduce ocean variabilities and data noises, SSHs from non-repeat missions were filtered by Gaussian filters of various wavelengths. A Levitus oceanic dynamic topography was subtracted from the altimeter-derived SSHs, and the resulting heights were used to compute along-track deflection of the vertical (DOV). Geoidal heights and gravity anomalies were then computed from DOV using the deflection-geoid and inverse Vening Meinesz formulae. The Levitus oceanic dynamic topography was added back to the geoidal heights to obtain a preliminary sea surface grid. The difference between the T/P mean sea surface and the preliminary sea surface was computed on a grid by a minimum curvature method and then was added to the preliminary grid. The comparison of the NCTU01 mean sea surface height (MSSH) with the T/P and the ERS-1 MSSH result in overall root-mean-square (RMS) differences of 5.0 and 3.1 cm in SSH, respectively, and 7.1 and 3.2 μrad in SSH gradient, respectively. The RMS differences between the predicted and shipborne gravity anomalies range from 3.0 to 13.4 mGal in 12 areas of the world's oceans. Received: 26 September 2001 / Accepted: 3 April 2002 Correspondence to: C. Hwang Acknowledgements. This research is partly supported by the National Science Council of ROC, under grants NSC89-2611-M-009-003-OP2 and NSC89-2211-E-009-095. This is a contribution to the IAG Special Study Group 3.186. The Geosat and ERS1/2 data are from NOAA and CERSAT/France, respectively. The T/P data were provided by AVISO. The CLS and GSFC00 MSS models were kindly provided by NASA/GSFC and CLS, respectively. Drs. Levitus, Monterey, and Boyer are thanked for providing the SST model. Dr. T. Gruber and two anonymous reviewers provided very detailed reviews that improved the quality of this paper.  相似文献   

Sustainable groundwater management in Kinmen Island   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Chen‐Wuing Liu  Chun‐Nan Lin  Cheng‐Shin Jang  Chan‐Po Chen  Jen‐Fu Chang  Chen‐Chun Fan  Kuo‐Hiang Lou 《水文研究》2006,20(20):4363-4372

Kinmen county is located in the southwest of Fujen province, China. It comprises Kinmen, Leiyu and other small islands. Its total area is around 150 km². Kinmen is the largest island, and 95% of the population resides there. The average annual precipitation is 1072 mm. Rainfall is concentrated in a 5 month period from mid‐April to mid‐September. Water resources are limited relative to demand. Eastern Kinmen utilizes surface water, whereas western Kinmen uses groundwater. Moreover, the Kinmen sorghum liquor is brewed using the native groundwater in the west of the island. MODFLOW‐96 was used to simulate the groundwater distribution and determine the annual amount of infiltration, pumping, and boundary inflow and outflow. Additionally, a groundwater management index was adopted to evaluate the status of groundwater level change, thus allowing local government officials to adjust the pumping scheme dynamically. To achieve a sustainable groundwater supply in Kinmen, an integrated groundwater extraction plan was proposed. This plan includes enhancing the infiltration by using treated wastewater from the east of the island, monitoring the groundwater level change, adjusting the groundwater pumping scheme, and constructing seawater desalination plants. If the hostile confrontation between Taiwan and mainland China is resolved, then the water supply through an undersea pipeline from Sharmen, China, to Kinmen can be another potential source of water for Kinmen in the future. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

黑龙江多宝山地区早古生代沟-弧-盆体系重建SCIEI北大核心CSCD     

杨晓平  马江水  庞雪娇  杨雅军  江斌  付俊彧 《岩石学报》2022,(8):2269-2291

沟-弧-盆体系恢复对于研究增生造山过程和解析成矿作用具有重要指示意义,多宝山岛弧带是我国重要的铜钼多金属成矿区带,其沟-弧-盆体系恢复对成矿地质背景研究及拓展区域找矿具有重要意义。通过对多宝山地区早古生代地层、岩石和构造的野外调研和系列编图,结合最新的年代学资料,重新厘定了含矿地层单位——多宝山组、铜山组的形成时代和层位:确定多宝山组形成时代为寒武纪芙蓉世-早奥陶世,铜山组形成时代为早-中奥陶世;将铜山组置于多宝山组之上,暗示地表以下保存有规模较大的主要成矿地质体——多宝山组,由此扩大了深部找矿空间。在此基础上,重建了多宝山岛弧带早古生代地层序列。在多宝山岛弧带西北侧多宝山-三卡一带划分出早古生代俯冲增生杂岩带,根据俯冲增生杂岩带与岩浆弧、伴生沉积盆地的沉积建造及时空关系,划分出弧前盆地、弧间盆地、弧后盆地等构造单元,建立了多宝山岛弧带古生代沟-弧-盆体系格架,认为多宝山岛弧带西北侧多宝山-三卡一带存在早古生代洋盆,并于奥陶纪发生南东向俯冲。指出岩浆弧靠近俯冲增生杂岩带一侧是成矿有利部位,为多宝山岛弧带铜多金属矿的成矿背景和成矿地质条件研究提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

New Method for Shear Strength Determination of Unfilled,Unweathered Rock Joint   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Hyun-Sic Jang  Bo-An Jang 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2015,48(4):1515-1534

  相似文献   

Summer pattern of phytoplankton distribution at a station in jangmok bay     

Won Je Lee  Kyoungsoon Shin  Pung-Guk Jang  Min-Chul Jang  Nam Joo Park 《Ocean Science Journal》2005,40(3):1-9

Daily changes in phytoplankton abundance and species composition were monitored from July to September 2003 (n=47) to understand which factors control the abundance at a station in Jangmok Bay. During the study, the phytoplankton community was mainly composed of small cell diatoms and dinoflagellates, and the dominant genera wereChaetoceros,Nitzschia, Skeletonema andThalassionema. Phytoplankton abundance varied significantly from 6.40x10⁴ to 1.22x10⁷ cells/l. The initially high level of phytoplankton abundance was dominated by diatoms, but replacement by dinoflagellates started when the N/P ratio decreased to < 5.0. On the basis of the N/P and Si/N ratios, the sampling period could be divided into two: an inorganic silicate limitation period (ISLP, 14^th July-12^th of August) and an inorganic nitrogen limitation period (INLP, 13^th of August - the end of the study). Phosphate might not limit the growth of phytoplankton assemblages in the bay during the study period. This study suggests that phytoplankton abundance and species composition might be affected by the concentrations of inorganic nutrients (N and Si), and provides baseline information for further studies on plankton dynamics in Jangmok Bay.  相似文献   

On an improvement of a nonlinear iterative scheme for nonlinear wave profile prediction     

T.S. Jang  S.H. Kwon  B.J. Kim 《Ocean Engineering》2006,33(11-12):1552-1564

The authors of the present paper present an iterative scheme to calculate the nonlinear wave profiles [Jang, T.S., Kwon, S.H., 2005. Application of nonlinear iteration scheme to the nonlinear water wave problem: Stokian wave. Ocean Engineering, in press]. The nonlinear operator was constructed from the dynamic boundary condition of the free surface. The initial input of the iterative process was linear potential. The linear dispersion relation was utilized. The authors of the present paper suggest an improved scheme in terms of accuracy and speed of convergence by utilizing the nonlinear dispersion relation. The existence and uniqueness of the improved scheme are illustrated in this paper. The calculation results together with Fast Fourier transform revealed that the improved scheme made it possible to predict higher-order nonlinear characteristics of the Stokes’ wave.  相似文献   

Temporal variations in productivity and planktonic ecological structure in the East Sea (Japan Sea) since the last glaciation     

Kyung?Eun?LeeEmail author  Jang?Jun?Bahk  Hisashi?Narita 《Geo-Marine Letters》2003,23(2):125-129

We investigated the biogenic components (biogenic opal, calcium carbonate, and organic carbon) of the marine sediments in core TY99PC18 recovered from the southeastern part of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Japan Sea). Our results indicate that primary productivity by diatoms increased after the last glaciation (15,000 ¹⁴C years b.p.) probably because of the onset of vertical mixing of seawater and nutrient supply from the deep water. Between 5,000 and 10,000 ¹⁴C years b.p. a shift in the dominant primary producer, i.e. from diatoms to coccolithophores, coincides with decreased productivity, which could be related to the influx of warm, low-nutrient waters at that time. During the late Holocene (after 5,000 ¹⁴C years b.p.) the productivity of diatoms increased once more probably due to renewed ventilation and vertical mixing.  相似文献   

Time-lapse borehole radar monitoring of an infiltration experiment in the vadose zone     

S. Kuroda  H. Jang  H.J. Kim   《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2009,67(4):361

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is an effective tool for imaging the spatial distribution of water content. An artificial groundwater recharge test was conducted in Nagaoka City in Japan, and time-lapse crosshole GPR data were collected to monitor the infiltration process in the vadose zone. Since electromagnetic wave velocities in the vadose zone are largely controlled by variations in water content, an increase in traveltime is interpreted as an increase in saturation. In the test zone, the infiltrated water penetrated downward with an average velocity of about 2.7 m/h. A finite-difference time-domain method using two-dimensional cylindrical coordinates is applied to simulate radargrams associated with the advancing wetting front and to quantify the effects of critical refraction. Standard zero-offset profiling for which all first-arrivals are assumed to be direct waves results in an underestimation of water content in the transition zone above the wetting front. As a result, correct velocity analysis requires identification of first-arriving critically refracted waves from the traveltime profile to accurately determine a water content profile.  相似文献   

由多震相走时和波形作三维地震成像   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

金昭九  李清河  Jung-in Lee  Ho Sung Jang 《CT理论与应用研究》2000,9(4):44-47

本项成果包括：提出天然地震走时反演层析成像技术,采用下列方法使得处理结果得以改善：１）利用３２个地震,４０４条射线的Ｐｇ,Ｓｇ,Ｐｍ,Ｓｍ,Ｐｎ,Ｓｎ等震相增加约束条件：２）用已有精度较高的人工地震测深化结果作速度约束;３）用波形反演来修改模型,把波源,介质吸收,散射等物理特征集中反映在记录中,把诸多物理量开发出来互为约束,以修改后的模型再作反演,使解的稳定性大大提高;４）采用最优化过程,选择遗传  相似文献   

Advances in computational morphodynamics using the International River Interface Cooperative (iRIC) software     

Yasuyuki Shimizu  Jonathan Nelson  Kattia Arnez Ferrel  Kazutake Asahi  Sanjay Giri  Takuya Inoue  Toshiki Iwasaki  Chang-Lae Jang  Taeun Kang  Ichiro Kimura  Tomoko Kyuka  Jagriti Mishra  Mohamed Nabi  Supapap Patsinghasanee  Satomi Yamaguchi 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(1):11-37

Results from computational morphodynamics modeling of coupled flow–bed–sediment systems are described for 10 applications as a review of recent advances in the field. Each of these applications is drawn from solvers included in the public-domain International River Interface Cooperative (iRIC) software package. For mesoscale river features such as bars, predictions of alternate and higher mode river bars are shown for flows with equilibrium sediment supply and for a single case of oversupplied sediment. For microscale bed features such as bedforms, computational results are shown for the development and evolution of two-dimensional bedforms using a simple closure-based two-dimensional model, for two- and three-dimensional ripples and dunes using a three-dimensional large-eddy simulation flow model coupled to a physics-based particle transport model, and for the development of bed streaks using a three-dimensional unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes solver with a simple sediment-transport treatment. Finally, macroscale or channel evolution treatments are used to examine the temporal development of meandering channels, a failure model for cantilevered banks, the effect of bank vegetation on channel width, the development of channel networks in tidal systems, and the evolution of bedrock channels. In all examples, computational morphodynamics results from iRIC solvers compare well to observations of natural bed morphology. For each of the three scales investigated here, brief suggestions for future work and potential research directions are offered. © 2019 The Authors Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd  相似文献