碘代异丙烷在黑碳表面的吸附研究     

殷实  王炜罡  葛茂发 《气象学报》2007,65(5):753-759

黑碳气溶胶由于其对大气辐射平衡和气候的影响而受到高度重视,碘化学则是大气化学中十分重要的研究领域。然而对于卤素化合物尤其含碘化合物与黑碳气溶胶表面相互作用的研究还少有报道。文中首次研究了在298K下,碘氧自由基(IO)重要源之一的碘代异丙烷(i-C3H7I)在黑碳表面的吸附,黑碳样品使用DegussaFW2(一种含有氧化态的无定形黑碳)。实验发现碘代异丙烷与黑碳表面发生相互作用,使黑碳表面逐渐被钝化,并且其吸附系数(γ)与暴露时间相关。实验测得初始吸附系数(γ0)值为(9.5±3.8)×10-2。所报道的初始吸附系数γ0可以提供一个上限值,实验结果表明在真实大气环境下,i-C3H7I在黑碳气溶胶表面的非均相消耗可能是十分重要的,也许会对i-C3H7I在真实大气中的浓度有一定影响。并且研究结果对进一步研究i-C3H7I与黑碳气溶胶相互作用对大气辐射平衡、黑碳气溶胶非均相化学作用和云雾降水凝结核(CCN)形成的影响均有十分重要的意义,研究结果也为评估i-C3H7I与碳质气溶胶非均相相互作用对大气环境的影响和深入的模式研究提供了基本参数。  相似文献   

漯河市降水量与降水云系的关系     

Cheng Jinxia  Hu Yanping  Hui Fumei  Wang Ying  Yin Guangya  Dong Yulun  Shan Tieliang 《河南气象》2007,(Z1)

采用1956-2006年漯河市观测站资料,运用一元回归分析漯河市降水的气候变化特征,讨论了3类降水云系与降水量的关系,为科学实施人工增雨(雪)作业和提高天气预报水平提供参考。  相似文献   

临颍大气可降水量与降水转化率特征     

陈培英  宋玉民  殷广亚  甄军英  程锦霞  单铁良  王辉 《河南气象》2007,(Z1)

利用临颍站1970-1999年和2005年人工及自动站观测资料,分析了临颍大气可降水量及降水转化率的时间分布,结果表明:大气可降水量夏季最大,秋季次之;夏秋两季降水转化率为6%~7%。因此,夏秋两季人工增雨潜力较大。  相似文献   

Aridity/humidity status of land surface in China during the last three decades   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

WU Shaohong  YIN Yunhe    ZHENG Du & YANG Qinye . Institute of Geographical Sciences  Natural Resources Research  Chinese Academy of Sciences 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(9):1510-1518

To understand regional status and differences is groundwork for researching environmental change, such as regional response to global change, land use/land-cover change, land desertification, and sand/dust storms. At present, geographers are search- ing for driving forces of environmental change and making efforts to reflect human actions on these changes[1―4]. To recognize regional difference, most researches focus on single factor, such as temperature, precipitation, soil and vegetation. Ho…  相似文献   

A new method for the derivation of the closed nets in the phase diagram space of multisystems. I. The absent phase substitution method     

J. Hu  H. Yin  Z. Duan 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2004,22(5):413-425

A new convenient combinatorial method is developed here to derive the invariant points in multisystem closed nets – the absent phase substitution (APS) method. It substantially simplifies the derivation of the closed nets in multisystems with many components and phases. For the multisystems whose total phase number (N_PS) ≤ twice the number of the absent phases (m) in an invariant assemblage, the method can yield regular closed nets with or without globally absent phases; for other multisystems, the method can yield the regular closed nets with globally absent phases. As examples, the APS method was used to predict: (1) the regular closed nets of unary to quinary n + 4‐phase multisystems, unary 6‐phase multisystem and ternary 8‐phase multisystem; (2) the basic properties of the regular closed nets of the quaternary and quinary multisystems with n + 4 and n + 5 phases. Two multisystems were chosen to demonstrate how to select a realistic closed net from the numerous possible closed nets of a complex multisystem, and how to derive a realistic partially closed‐net, closed‐net‐diagram and the related realistic straight‐line‐net‐diagram. Comparisons of our APS method for the derivation of complicated closed nets with other methods indicate that this method is much simpler and more efficient.  相似文献   

Apollo 15 and 16 results of the integrated geochemical experiment     

I. Adler  J. I. Trombka  P. Lowman  R. Schmadebeck  H. Blodget  E. Eller  L. Yin  R. Lamothe  G. Osswald  J. Gerard  P. Gorenstein  P. Bjorkholm  H. Gursky  B. Harris  J. Arnold  A. Metzger  R. Reedy 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1973,7(3-4):487-504

A number of experiments carried in orbit on the Apollo 15 and 16 spacecraft were used in the compositional mapping of the lunar surface. The observations involved measurements of secondary (fluorescent) X-rays, gamma rays and alpha particle emissions. A large scale compositional map of over 20% of the lunar surface was obtained for the first time. It was possible to demonstrate significant chemical differences between the mare and the highlands, to find specific areas of high radioactivity and to learn something about the composition of the Moon's hidden side.Paper dedicated to Professor Harold C. Urey on the occasion of his 80th birthday on 29 April 1973.  相似文献   

Spatial gradient analysis of urban green spaces combined with landscape metrics in Jinan City of China     

KONG Fan-hua Nobukazu NAKAGOSHI YIN Hai-wei Akira KIKUCHI 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2005,15(3):254-261

1IN T R O D U C T IO NUrban green spaces can be consideredas the outdoorplacesintheurban covered with significanatmounts ofvegetation,naturalor manmade,as opposed to areasthatare paved or having buildingon them(JIM andC HEN,2003;SHIVANAND and SUZANA,2005)…  相似文献   

黑龙江镜泊湖地区全新世火山岩^14C测年及其源区特点探讨   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

佚名<作者个数><作者>张招崇  李兆鼐  李树才  辛影  李兆木  王先政  尹金辉 《地质学报》2000,74(3):279-286

黑龙江镜泊湖地区全新世火山位于镜泊湖西北侧的"火山口森林"和蛤蟆塘两个地区.本次研究分别在"火山口森林"地区的Ⅰ号火山口、Ⅴ号火山口(大干泡)的一、二旋回层和蛤蟆塘地区的Ⅻ号火山口外围的第一旋回层的火山渣中取了3个碳化木进行14C 测年,其结果分别为3430±60 a、2470±120 a、2470±110 a和3490±140 a(其中Ⅴ号火山口的碳化木进行了两次测试).根据本区存在3个火山旋回和其他地质特征以及树木的最老年龄推测,该区最后一次火山活动可能在1000～2000 a之间,并且两次火山喷发间隔大约在1000 a左右,由此证明镜泊湖火山是东北地区最危险的火山之一.另外,由于"火山口森林"地区和蛤蟆塘地区的玄武质岩石在岩石学、地球化学以及所含的包体特征存在着巨大的差异性,表明该区在3490 a BP前地幔存在着强烈的不均一性,其原因可能与地幔柱的三级构造活动有关.  相似文献   

藏北查桑上三叠统复理石沉积大地构造背景的初步探讨   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9  

李日俊  孙龙德 《岩石学报》2000,16(3):443-448

藏北羌塘地块的构造性质和构造局是中国地学界长期争论的重要问题。这里人迹罕至,研究程度很低,基础地质资料缺乏。这是有关地质问题得不到解决的根本原因之一。本项研究的首要目的也是为该地区的地质研究提供一份基础资料,羌塘地块腹地查桑地区的上三叠统肖茶上涨且,下部为细碧岩、中基性火山岩、玄武质角砾岩来灰岩和大理岩,上部主要为碎屑岩（复理石）和灰岩,我们在肖茶卡组上部的复理石中采集砂岩、粉砂岩样品,进行主量元  相似文献   

21世纪我国面临的测绘基准面问题   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

殷晓冬  田光耀 《测绘工程》2000,9(2):26-31

大地水准面与深度基准面是测绘垂直基准面的主要因素。文中探讨了我国测绘垂直基准面的现状及其存在的问题 ,提出了改进测绘垂直基准面之拙见 ,以便在下一个世纪提到议事日程与同仁商榷。  相似文献