Effect of near-fault earthquake on bridges: lessons learned from Chi-Chi earthquake   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

Chin-Hsiung?LohEmail author  Wen-I?Liao  Juin-Fu?Chai 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2002,1(1):86-93

The objective of this paper is to describe the lessons learned and actions that have been taken related to the seismic design of bridge structures after the Chi-Chi, Taiwan earthquake. Much variable near-fault ground motion data was collected from the rupture of Chelungpu fault during the Chi-Chi earthquake, allowing the seismic response of bridge structures subjected to these near-fault ground motions to be carefully examined. To study the near-fault ground motion effect on bridge seismic design codes, a two-level seismic design of bridge structures was developed and implemented. This design code reflects the near-fault factors in the seismic design forces. Finally, a risk assessment methodology, based on bridge vulnerability, is also developed to assist in decisions for reducing seismic risk due to failure of bridges. Director of Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering. Supported by: the Science Council, Chinese Taipei, under grant no. SC 90-2211-E-002-028.  相似文献   

基于“配料”的梅雨锋强降水预报方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李俊  李武阶  廖移山 《气象》2006,32(9):3-8

在梅雨锋暴雨预报中应用“配料法”，通过降水量的基本公式解释了强降水形成的基本配料，给出了建立配料的基本步骤，同时，通过一次暴雨个例分析，具体阐述了“配料法”在梅雨锋暴雨预报中的应用。结果表明，基于暴雨等强对流天气形成物理机理认识的基础上，所选取的可降水量等动力、热力因子与暴雨有着较好的对应关系，通过分析以上关键物理因子建立的过程，可以给出暴雨潜势预报。  相似文献   

2005年3月22日华南飑线的综合分析   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

罗建英  廖胜石  梁岱云  马艺  寿绍文 《气象》2006,32(10):70-75

2005年3月22日华南地区发生了一次飑线天气过程。利用常规观测、雷达回波、自动气象站资料及NCEP1°×1°的逐6小时资料,从天气形势、雷达回波、物理量场等多角度综合诊断分析了该飑线过程。结果表明:该过程具有低层增温、增湿,中高层降温、低湿的特征。飑线发生在快速东移的高空槽前上干冷、下暖湿的不稳定区域,华南地区700hPa低空急流的爆发及低层急流核向东传输对不稳定能量的突然释放有很大的触发作用。飑线系统在低空增温、增湿与对流层中层干侵入的相互作用下形成,产生大范围的雷雨大风、冰雹等强对流天气。  相似文献   

“6.29”淮河暴雨过程β-中尺度系统结构特征的数值模拟分析   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

廖移山李武阶  闵爱荣王叶红 《应用气象学报》2006,17(4):421-430

利用中国科学院大气物理研究所LASG研制的AREM中尺度暴雨数值预报模式, 对2003年6月29—30日发生在淮河流域的一次大暴雨过程进行了数值模拟分析。结果表明:随着西太平洋副热带高压加强, 低空急流迅速向北推进, 加强了其北侧的风速梯度和气旋性切变, 使涡度场发生了强烈变化, 强正涡度柱的发展导致了低层β-中尺度低压和气旋的新生; 而对流层中高层β-中尺度高压的发展所引起的地转偏差使得β-中尺度高压附近的风场发生明显变化, 并导致β-中尺度强辐散中心强烈发展, 最终造成强烈的上升运动。强上升运动出现在低层θ_se强锋区的南侧。  相似文献   

山区自动气象观测站防雷设计          下载免费PDF全文

廖必军 《气象科技》2007,35(Z1):75-78

针对多雷山区自动气象观测站的特点,对自动站的雷电防护工作进行了分析和研究,讨论了自动气象观测站防雷的两个重要问题对雷电"拦截"手段的理解以及接地网分设与合设的理解.提出将接闪器布置在自动气象观测站外围,内外圈地网严格分开的有效"拦截"方法;在对雷击有效"拦截"的基础上,再综合运用分流、均压、屏蔽、箝位等各项技术对系统设备进行全方位保护的设计思路.对于传感器通道的内外传输电缆线难以断开安装浪涌保护器(SPD)的问题,提出设计制作配套的输入输出端口、合成功能SPD的思路.在地线接好后,SPD安装时只需进行接口插拔,而无需断开缆线.  相似文献   

Reduced-Dimensional Processing for Ground Moving Target Detection in Distributed Space-Based Radar   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yang  Z. Liao  G. Zeng  C. 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2007,4(2):256-259

With multisatellite radar systems, several additional features are achieved: multistatic observation, interferometry, ground moving target indication (GMTI). In this letter, a new reduced-dimensional method based on joint pixels sum-difference (Sigma-Delta) data for clutter rejection and GMTI is proposed. The reduced-dimensional joint pixels Sigma-Delta data are obtained by the orthogonal projection of the joint pixels data of different synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images generated by a multisatellite radar system. In the sense of statistic expectation, the joint pixels Sigma-Delta data contain the common and different information among SAR images. Then, the objective of clutter cancellation and GMTI can be achieved by adaptive processing. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method even with clutter fluctuation and image coregistration errors  相似文献   

基于ArcGIS的时空数据库的设计与实现     

林秀玉  廖磊 《现代测绘》2007,30(5):11-12

一般的数据库基本上不存储旧的、过时的数据，而时空数据库则包括任何历史数据，使数据库可以成为任何一个系统和部门的完整的电子信息档案库。本文通过基于ArcGIS基础空间数据库的建库，运用ArcGIS的历史归档机制，探索出一套时空数据库的设计与实现方案。  相似文献   

土地开发整理项日管理信息系统建设     

古志新  翟刚  李华  章远钰  廖琴兰  王莉莉 《国土资源信息化》2007,(2):7-10

本文首先分析了我国土地开发整理的地位和现状,回顾了“十五”期间我国在土地开发整理方面做出的巨大的成绩,展望了“十一五”期间我国在土地整理工作上的投入力度和方向。在此基础上,对我国土地整理工作所采用的技术手段进行了分析,提出了实施土地开发整理工作的信息化是解决目前存在问题的有效措施,为了保证国家每年投资数十亿资金的土地开发整理项目从审查到实施各个环节的科学性和规范性,迫切要求充分利用计算机技术、网络通信技术和3S技术等先进手段加强项目的全程管理。接着,对“国家投资土地开发整理项目管理信息系统”从功能角度进行了详细的阐述,将系统划分为若干个子系统进行开发,并对一些子系统的功能进行了阐述。最后介绍了系统的应用情况。  相似文献   

Heterogeneous mantle melting and magmatic processes at the East Pacific Rise (2.6–3.1°S): Evidence from mid-ocean ridge basalt geochemistry and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopes     

Wei Li  Jin Liang  Shili Liao  Weifang Yang 《International Geology Review》2020,62(11):1387-1405

ABSTRACT

We present the major and trace elements and Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopes in mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) from the East Pacific Rise (EPR) at 2.6–3.1°S. These samples are low-K tholeiites and show significant variation in their major element compositions (e.g. 4.60–8.18 wt% MgO, 8.34–12.12 wt% CaO, 9.78–14.25 wt% Fe₂O₃, and 0.06–0.34 K₂O wt%). Trace element abundances of the 2.6–3.1°S MORB are variably depleted (e.g. (La/Sm), _N = 0.51–0.78, Zr/Y = 2.35–3.42, Th/La = 0.035–0.056, and Ce/Yb = 2.38–3.96) but closely resemble the average N-MORB. In the compatible elements (Ni and Cr) against incompatible element Zr plots, the 2.6–3.1°S MORB show well-defined negative correlations, together with a liquid line of descent (LLD) modelling and petrographic observations, implying a significant role of olivine, plagioclase and clinopyroxene fractionation during magma evolution. When compared to global MORB and peridotites, the 2.6–3.1°S MORB and most of the other axial lavas from the South EPR show similar Zn/Fe, Zn/Mn, and Fe/Mn ratios, attesting to a peridotite-dominated mantle lithology. However, the relationships between incompatible trace element ratios, such as Zr/Rb and Nb/Sm, and the negative correlation between Zr/Nb and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr indicate a geochemically heterogeneous mantle source. The mantle beneath the South EPR likely consists of two components, with the enriched component residing as physically distinct domains (e.g. veins or dikes) in the depleted peridotite matrix. In the Sr–Nd–Pb isotope space, the South EPR MORB lie along the mixing lines between the depleted MORB mantle (DMM) and the ‘C’-like Pukapuka endmember. We infer that low-F melts derived from these enriched materials may cause localized mantle heterogeneity (veins or dikes) via an infiltration process. Subsequent melting of the refertilized mantle may impart an isotopically distinct characteristic to South EPR MORB.  相似文献   

粉石英在蓄电池胶壳中的应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

廖巨浪  余志伟 《华东地质学院学报》1998,21(1):63-68

本文着重介绍了粉石英的工艺矿物特性以及其在蓄电池胶壳中的应用效果,证明了粉石英用作蓄电池胶壳的填料,能够改善混炼工艺、提高产品质量、增加填充量、降低生产成本,是一种理想的橡胶填料。  相似文献