基于氮稳定同位素的九龙江口鱼类营养级研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

廖建基  郑新庆  杜建国  陈彬 《海洋学报》2015,37(2):93-103

采用氮稳定同位素技术对2013年6—8月九龙江口采集到的隶属于13目42科61属共71种鱼类的营养级进行研究。结果表明,九龙江口鱼类的δ15 N值跨度较大,介于7.23‰~14.66‰之间。以菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)为基准生物估算出鱼类的营养级介于1.70~3.89之间,营养级最低与最高的鱼类分别为少牙斑鲆(Pseudorhombus oligodon)与多鳞鱚(Sillago sihama)。与Fishbase同种鱼类的营养级数据进行比较,83.1%的鱼类的营养级均值处于Fishbase同种鱼类的营养级范围内,但81.7%的鱼类的营养级均值比Fishbase同种鱼类的营养级均值略低;与传统的胃含物分析结果比较,58.3%的鱼类的营养级在0.5个营养级的误差范围内。基于氮稳定同位素估算的鱼类营养级较低的原因可能与本研究样品中低龄鱼及幼鱼比例较大有关。与其他方法相比,稳定同位素法在研究体型较小的幼鱼和低龄鱼营养级更具优势。鱼类营养级随其个体大小的变化明显,但存在种的差异性:不同体长的髭缟鰕虎鱼(Tridentiger barbatus)和绿鳍鱼(Chelidonichthys kumu)的营养级跨度较大,分别为1.54和1.43;而鳓(Ilisha elongata)等的营养级则跨度较小,这可能与不同鱼类的食性变化有关。  相似文献   

多角辐散地极技术在高电阻率地区的应用     

廖必军 《气象科技》2007,35(4):567-570

在高电阻率地区,建造符合要求且经济实用的地网一直是防雷工程施工的难点。因为组成地网的接地极的形状关系到材料利用效率和施工难易程度。提出了"多角辐散地极"的概念,设计制作了多角辐散地极,并选择了3个不同的地域环境,对这一设计技术进行了试验。通过与普通地网的比较,证明了在高阻率地区多角辐散地极组成的地网优于普通地网。通过对不同安装距离,不同降阻剂投放量的比较,确定了多角辐散地极的最佳安装方法,并根据试验测量的数据计算出并联系数,得出工程量的估算方法。  相似文献   

地形对降水的影响研究概述   总被引：28，自引：5，他引：23  

廖菲  洪延超  郑国光 《气象科技》2007,35(3):309-316

简要回顾了近些年来有关地形对降水影响的研究进展。介绍了地形的动力效应和热力效应,详细分析了地形的动力、热力效应引起的降水和云物理变化。重点分析了地形对气候尺度、天气尺度、中尺度及对流性天气系统降水的影响。简单地讨论了在研究地形对降水影响时观测分析、气候统计、理论分析及数值模拟方面存在的问题及其未来发展前景。  相似文献   

新疆北部镁铁-超镁铁质岩的PGE成矿问题   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

王玉往  王京彬  王莉娟  龙灵利  廖震  张会琼  唐萍芝 《地学前缘》2010,17(1):139

铂族元素(PGE)矿化主要与镁铁-超镁铁杂岩有关,成矿类型主要为岩浆型矿床,这类PGE矿床的形成主要依赖两个条件:一是岩浆中富含PGE;二是具备PGE从岩浆中分离和富集的机制,主要是在岩浆演化过程中硫达到饱和。新疆北部镁铁-超镁铁质杂岩发育,并产有喀拉通克、黄山、黄山东、图拉尔根4个大型铜镍矿床和香山、土墩、葫芦、白石泉等中、小型铜镍矿,以及香山西、尾亚等中型钒钛磁铁矿矿床,但迄今尚未发现成型的PGE矿床。文中通过对PGE矿床的形成机制与镁铁-超镁铁杂岩源区特征研究,探讨了北疆地区PGE矿床的成矿问题。综合分析认为,新疆北部后碰撞镁铁-超镁铁质岩的岩石类型为经过了分离结晶形成的铁质岩石系列,是PGE矿床的有利容矿岩石;矿床的Sr、Nd、Pb、O、Os和S同位素和含矿岩石地球化学特征表明,铜镍硫化物矿床含矿岩浆在岩浆演化和成矿过程中有地壳物质加入并可导致硫化物熔离作用,说明在成矿机制上也存在形成岩浆型PGE矿化的条件。新疆北部PGE矿化微弱的原因可能在于该区广泛发育的亏损型地幔源(具正的εNd值特征),这一亏损型地幔可能部分源于洋壳熔融,与产于后碰撞造山带环境、发育于"洋壳"或"不成熟"陆壳基底之上有关,由此决定了原始岩浆为贫PGE的源区,因此不利于PGE的富集成矿。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地天环坳陷迁移演化与坳陷西翼油气成藏   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李相博  刘化清  陈启林  郭彦如  完颜容  魏立花  冯明  廖建波  马玉虎 《地质科学》2010,45(2):490-499

鄂尔多斯盆地是我国陆上最重要的含油气盆地之一,本文以鄂尔多斯盆地西缘为研究对象,以地震反射资料为基础,主要采用地震剖面"层拉平"与"平衡剖面恢复"等技术手段,对天环坳陷形成与迁移演化历史进行了动态分析。研究结果表明:1)天环坳陷最早形成于晚侏罗世,后期由于受燕山晚期及喜马拉雅山期构造运动影响,坳陷核部逐渐向东迁移至现今位置,前后累计迁移距离约30 km;2)当坳陷核部向东迁移至有效烃源岩范围附近时,原先已形成的油气藏发生重新调整,油气向坳陷西翼高部位运移、聚集,从而形成了次生构造油气藏。  相似文献   

Comparative studies on compounds occluded inside asphaltenes hierarchically released by increasing amounts of H₂O₂/CH₃COOH     

Jing Zhao  Zewen Liao  Lühui Zhang  Patrice Creux  Chupeng Yang  Anna Chrostowska  Haizu Zhang  Alain Graciaa 《Applied Geochemistry》2010

Being the heaviest fraction of crude oils, asphaltenes are liable to aggregate, and other molecules in the oils can be steadily adsorbed onto, and even occluded inside the macromolecular structures of the asphaltenes. These occluded compounds inside the asphaltenes can survive over geological time in oil reservoirs owing to effective protection by the macromolecular structures of the asphaltenes. The asphaltenes of a crude oil (ZG31) from the central Tarim Basin, NW China, were hierarchically degraded by increasing the amount of H₂O₂/CH₃COOH to release the occluded compounds. Besides the common components, series of even numbered n-alk-1-enes and 3-ethylalkanes were detected among the occluded compounds. Comparison of the biomarker distributions and the compound-specific C isotopic results between the compounds from the maltenes and those from the occluded fraction, the ZG31 reservoir was suggested to have been charged multiple times, with different charges being derived from different strata of source rocks.  相似文献   

新疆希勒库都克铜钼矿区岩浆混合作用: 来自锆石U-Pb年代学的证据   总被引：7，自引：6，他引：1  

龙灵利  王玉往  王京彬  王莉娟  李秋立  王书来  蒲克信  张会琼  廖震 《岩石学报》2010,26(2):449-456

新疆北部富蕴县内希勒库都克铜钼矿区的花岗闪长岩及其包体岩相学、矿物化学和岩石地球化学特征及野外地质特征显示其为岩浆混合作用的结果。本文获得花岗闪长岩及其中暗色微粒包体玄武安山玢岩、细粒辉长闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为326.8±2.1Ma、327.6±2.4Ma、329.3±2.3Ma,年龄值基本一致,这一结果从年代学角度为花岗闪长岩及其中暗色微粒包体的岩浆混合作用成因提供证据。偏酸性的花岗闪长质与偏基性玄武安山质岩浆混合作用形成了331.9±2.1Ma的安山玢岩脉。  相似文献   

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987110000113   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Xueqi Xi  Zhongfang Yang  Yan Liao  Yujun Cui  Yansheng Li 《地学前缘(英文版)》2010,1(1):125-132

<正>Against the current background of global climate change,the study of variations in the soil carbon pool and its controlling factors may aid in the evaluation of soil's role in the mitigation or enhancement of greenhouse gas.This paper studies spatial and temporal variation in the soil carbon pool and their controlling factors in the southern Song-nen Plain in Heilongjiang Province,using soil data collected over two distinct periods by the Multi-purpose Regional Geochemical Survey in 2005—2007, and another soil survey conducted in 1982—1990.The study area is a carbon source of 1479 t/km~2 and in the past 20 years,from the 1980s until 2005.the practical carbon emission from the soil was 0.12 Gt.Temperature,which has been found to be linearly correlated to soil organic carbon,is the dominant climatologic factor controlling soil organic carbon contents.Our study shows that in the relevant area and time period the potential loss of soil organic carbon caused by rising temperatures was 0.10 Gt,the potential soil carbon emission resulting from land-use change was 0.09 Gt,and the combined potential loss of soil carbon(0.19 Gt) caused by warming and land-use change is comparable to that of fossil fuel combustion(0.21 Gt).Due to the time delay in soil carbon pool variation,there is still 0.07 Gt in the potential emission caused by warming and land-use change that will be gradually released in the future.  相似文献   

Temporal stability of apparent soil electrical conductivity measured by electromagnetic induction techniques     

LIAO Kai-hua  ZHU Qing  James DOOLITTLE 《山地科学学报》2014,11(1):98-109

Assessing and managing the spatial variability of hydropedological properties are important in environmental,agricultural,and geological sciences.The spatial variability of soil apparent electrical conductivity（ECa） measured by electromagnetic induction（EMI） techniques has been widely used to infer the spatial variability of hydrological and pedological properties.In this study,temporal stability analysis was conducted for measuring repeatedly soil ECa in an agricultural landscape in 2008.Such temporal stability was statistically compared with the soil moisture,terrain indices（slope,topographic wetness index（TWI）,and profile curvature）,and soil properties（particle size distribution,depth to bedrock,Mn mottle content,and soil type）.Locations with great and temporally unstable soil ECa were also associated with great and unstable soil moisture,respectively.Soil ECa were greater and more unstable in the areas with great TWI（TWI 〉 8）,gentle and concave slope（slope 〈 3%; profile curvature 〉 0.2）.Soil ECa exponentially increased with depth to bedrock,and soil profile silt and Mn mottle contents（R2= 0.57）,quadratically（R2 = 0.47）,and linearly（R 2 = 0.47）,respectively.Soil ECa was greater and more unstable in Gleysol and Nitosol soils,which were distributed in areas with low elevation（〈 380 m）,thick soil solum（〉 3 m）,and fluctuated water table（shallow in winter and spring but deep in summer and fall）.In contrast,Acrisol,Luvisol,and Cambisol soils,which are distributed in the upper slope areas,had lower and more stable soil ECa.Through these observations,we concluded that the temporal stability of soil ECa can be used to interpret the spatial and temporal variability of these hydropedological properties.  相似文献   

Modeling of spatial distributions of farmland density and its temporal change using geographically weighted regression model   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Haitao Zhang  Long Guo  Jiaying Chen  Peihong Fu  Jianli Gu  Guangyu Liao 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2014,24(2):191-204

This study used spatial autoregression（SAR） model and geographically weighted regression（GWR） model to model the spatial patterns of farmland density and its temporal change in Gucheng County,Hubei Province,China in 1999 and 2009,and discussed the difference between global and local spatial autocorrelations in terms of spatial heterogeneity and non-stationarity. Results showed that strong spatial positive correlations existed in the spatial distributions of farmland density,its temporal change and the driving factors,and the coefficients of spatial autocorrelations decreased as the spatial lag distance increased. SAR models revealed the global spatial relations between dependent and independent variables,while the GWR model showed the spatially varying fitting degree and local weighting coefficients of driving factors and farmland indices（i.e.,farmland density and temporal change）. The GWR model has smooth process when constructing the farmland spatial model. The coefficients of GWR model can show the accurate influence degrees of different driving factors on the farmland at different geographical locations. The performance indices of GWR model showed that GWR model produced more accurate simulation results than other models at different times,and the improvement precision of GWR model was obvious. The global and local farmland models used in this study showed different characteristics in the spatial distributions of farmland indices at different scales,which may provide the theoretical basis for farmland protection from the influence of different driving factors.  相似文献