The identification and comparison of the bio-elements of the penguin ornithogenic sediments sample from Davis Station and Great Wall Station          下载免费PDF全文

黄涛  孙立广  王玉宏  朱仁斌 《极地研究》2008,19(1):36-44

During CHINARE-22 in austral summer of 2005-2006,a lake sediment core named DG4,which is impacted by penguin droppings,was retrieved from a lake catchment in Gardner Island of Vesffold Hills,East Antarctica.In this study,the concentrations of characteristic elements in the core,local bedrocks and fresh penguin guanos were determined.P,Se,F,S,As,Sr and Cu in DG4 were identified as the bio-element assemblage by R-clustering analysis and compared with those in the local bedrocks and fresh guanos,the results are similar to Y2 in Ardley Island,Antarctic Peninsula.On this basis,P and Se were identified as the optimum bio-elements in DG4 and F,P and S were identified in Y2,respectively.This work will provides the foundation for reconstructing the past penguin populations in Gardner Island of Vest- fold Hills,East Antarctica and comparing the penguin population dynamics between East Antarctica and Antarctic Peninsula.  相似文献   

The changes of pigment contents and their environmental implications in the lake sediments of Ny-(A)lesund, Svalbard, the Arctic     

姜珊  刘晓东  徐利强  孙立广 《极地研究(英文版)》2010,21(1):60-70

According to palaeoclimatic and modern instrumental data, numerous studies have indicated that the Arctic climate has undergone a significant warming during the past 100 years, and this may lead to significant impact on the fragile lake ecosystem. In this study, we collected a lake sediment core from the Ny-(A)lesund of Svalbard and determined the concentrations of four pigments including chlorophyll derivatives, total carotenoids, oscillaxanthin and myxoxanthophyll in the sediments. Combined with other physical and chemical proxies such as calcium carbonate, total organic carbon, biogenic silicon etc., we have reconstructed the historical changes of lacustrine primary productivity in Ny-(A)lesund, especially for the past 100 years. The results showed that during the period of Little Ice Age (LIA), the climate was unfavorable for the growth of the lake algae, and thus the lacustrine productivity declined. This result was supported by the relatively low contents of pigment and biogenic silica in the sediments. In contrast, the contents of total organic carbon (TOC) and sediment pigments increased significantly in the upper 5 cm (~1890AD), reflecting the rapid growth of the lake algae, thus the great increase of lacustrine primary productivity, corresponding to the warming climate after LIA. However, the biogenic silica in the upper sediments still had a relatively low level, and this might be related to the growth competition with other algae species. Over the past 100 years, the ratio of Osc/Myx in the sediments decreased continuously, indicative of durative increase of myxoxanthophyll in blue-green algal pigments, and this might imply that the human activity had enhanced the nutrition level of the lake in the Arctic region.  相似文献   

北极大气中汞亏损与海冰演变   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

谢周清  孙立广  王新明  程邦波 《极地研究》2004,16(3):221-228

近年来的观测结果显示北极对流层臭氧发生亏损的同时 ,大气中的气态汞浓度也急剧下降。这种现象的发生被认为是大气中活性卤素物种的增多而引起的。活性的卤素物种例如Br/Cl与臭氧作用 ,一方面导致臭氧亏损 ,同时 ,生成BrO/ClO氧化大气中的Hg0 ,使Hg0 转化为活性汞 (RGM)而沉降。北极地区大气中活性卤素物种主要来自海洋大型藻类释放的卤代烃分解和海盐的贡献。在过去的几十年里 ,随气候变暖 ,北极海冰变薄 ,面积减少 ,海洋排放的活性卤素物种浓度增加 ,从而使北极地区大气中的汞沉降通量增加 ,加剧了北极生物圈中的汞污染。由于北极海冰减少变薄趋势还在持续 ,因此 ,北极大气中汞亏损引起的沉降通量增加对生态圈的影响应该引起广泛重视。本文在综述这方面研究的最新进展基础上 ,提出了今后的研究方向。  相似文献   

安徽沙溪斑岩铜矿床的构造屏蔽控矿作用     

孙立广  杨晓勇  王奎仁  张兆峰  杨学明 《矿床地质》1998,17(Z1):63-66

通过对沙溪斑岩铜矿床的研究,提出四级控矿构造和构造岩石屏蔽、背斜核部控矿定位的模式及其依据,运用此模式预测了沙溪矿床邻区一个柚似的成矿远景区,初步证明了本文提出的成矿模式。  相似文献   

安徽沙溪斑岩铜矿床的构造岩石屏蔽探矿作用     

孙立广  杨晓勇 《大地构造与成矿学》1998,22(3):234-241

通过对沙溪斑岩矿床的研究,以构造－岩浆活化成矿背景和四级控矿的构造为依据,提出了构造岩石屏蔽,背形核部控矿定位的模式及其依据,并讨论构造活动对成矿元素化学行为的控制作用,着重分析了强矿化剂元素Ｆ与Ｃｕ含量的关系,提出了成矿元素垂向分带,水平分带和迁移富集的地球化学模式,运用此模式预测了沙溪矿床邻区一个相似的成矿远景区,初步证明了本文提出了的构造控矿模式。  相似文献   

The identification and comparison of the bio-elements of the penguin ornithogenic sediments sample from Davis Station and Great Wall Station     

黄涛  孙立广  王玉宏  朱仁斌 《极地研究(英文版)》2008,19(1):36-44

During CHINARE-22 in austral summer of 2005-2006, a lake sediment core named DG4, which is impacted by penguin droppings, was retrieved from a lake catchment in Gardner Island of Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica. In this study, the concentrations of characteristic elements in the core, local bedrocks and fresh penguin guanos were determined. P, Se, F, S, As, Sr and Cu in DG4 were identified as the bio-element assemblage by R-clustering analysis and compared with those in the local bedrocks and fresh guanos, the results are similar to Y2 in Ardley Island, Antarctic Peninsula. On this basis, P and Se were identified as the optimum bio-elements in DG4 and F, P and S were identified in Y2, respectively. This work will provides the foundation for reconstructing the past penguin populations in Gardner Island of Vest- fold Hills, East Antarctica and comparing the penguin population dynamics between East Antarctica and Antarctic Peninsula.  相似文献   

近50年来南海西沙群岛海域气候异常的ENSO效应   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

晏宏  孙立广  刘晓东  邱世灿 《热带海洋学报》2010,29(5)

利用1958-2005年(共48年)有关南海西沙群岛的气象资料与ENSO观测资料,从气温、降雨、台风3个方面研究南海西沙群岛海域气候异常与ENSO事件之间的关系.结果表明,南海西沙群岛海域气候异常与ENSO事件存在非常密切的关系,具体表现如下.气温方面,南海西沙群岛海域逐月气温距平百分率与月ENSO指数存在显著的统计正相关关系,在厄尔尼诺期间一般表现为气温偏高(正距平),拉尼娜期间则相反;功率谱分析显示该地区气温异常存在明显的周期性,并且周期与ENSO事件的周期非常一致.降雨方面,年平均ENSO指数与西沙群岛海域年降水量存在显著负相关,典型拉尼娜年的降雨量比厄尔尼诺年多约50%.台风方面,ENSO指数与到达该地区的热带气旋频次存在显著的统计负相关关系,在厄尔尼诺期间的热带气旋频次比拉尼娜期间明显要少.  相似文献   

Elemental and Isotopic Signatures in the Sediments Influenced by Seal Excrement on Antarctic Fildes Peninsula and Their Po- tential Paleoecological Applications     

刘晓东孙立广  尹雪斌谢周清朱仁斌  王玉宏 《极地研究(英文版)》2005,16(2):121-134

The elemental and isotopic signatures in the sediments influenced by seal excrement on Antarctic Fildes Peninsula are examined for their potential palaeoecologlcal applications. The seal hair abundance in sediments exhibits remarkable fluctuation versus depth, indicating similar changes in historical populations of the seals visiting the marine terrace. The combination of δ^13 C, total organic carbon concentration （TOC）, total nitrogen concentration （TN） and atomic C/N ratio shows that the organic matters in sediments with numerous seal hairs have a marine origin and are predominantly derived from seal excrements. The large δ15 N values in sediments are attributed to trophic enrichment and NH3 vollatilization processes. The large variations in the δ^15 N values and the negative correlation between the δ15 N values and the seal hair abundances seem to be the results of changes in the paleoclimates and the volatilization rates of the ammonia produced in the seal excrements. The 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios in the acid-soluble fraction of sediments are interpreted as a mixture of the ones from the seal excrements （30%-50%） and the chemically weathered local bedrocks （70%-50%）. The calculated proportion of seal-derived Sr based on the ^87 Sr/^86 Sr ratios has a significant correlation with seal hair abundances in sediments. These results suggest that δ15 N values and the ^87 Sr/^86 Sr ratios in the acid-soluble fraction of sediments were influenced by seal excrements, similar to seal halt numbers, and thus can potentially be used to estimate the historical seal population in the Antarctic region.  相似文献   

生物硅在东南极湖泊古初级生产力研究中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

姜珊  刘晓东  徐利强  孙立广 《极地研究》2011,23(1):26-34

本文对南极中山站区的莫愁湖和大明湖沉积物中生物硅、有机质等环境指标进行了分析,并在对比研究的基础上,探讨了生物硅在重建东南极湖泊沉积生态环境记录研究中的应用.研究结果表明,大量保存较好的硅藻出现在东南极淡水湖泊沉积物中,生物硅含量在深度剖面上表现出显著波动,与有机质等生物地球化学指标具有一致的垂向变化趋势,表明它们具有...  相似文献   

沙溪斑岩型铜(金)矿床成矿地球化学研究及靶区圈定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨晓勇  王奎仁  孙立广  杨学明  黄德志  李英贤  石昆发 《大地构造与成矿学》2002,26(3):263-270

沙溪和菖蒲山地区位于扬子金属成矿带中部,前者是一个已经探明并圈定地质储量的中型斑岩型铜(金)矿床.本文通过地质-地球化学-地球物理综合研究,在沙溪矿床的邻区———菖蒲山地区预测并应用高精度地球物理方法圈定了一个与已知矿床规模相近的斑岩铜矿成矿异常区,该异常区由硫化物矿化所引起,呈北北东展布,长1500m,宽500m,总面积接近0.8km2。本文提出了一个斑岩型铜矿的控矿模型,结合区域资料和前人关于我国铜矿成矿研究成果,综合分析得出,本区为形成大型斑岩型铜(金)矿床的有利成矿远景区。  相似文献