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11.
为研究桩-土-断层耦合作用下桩基动力响应特性,利用振动台试验选取0.35g地震动峰值加速度时4种类型地震波,研究断层上下盘桩基加速度响应、桩顶相对位移、弯矩及桩基损伤情况。试验表明：断层上盘桩基各项参数明显大于断层下盘,呈现出上盘效应;桩顶峰值加速度大于桩底峰值加速度,上部土层对输入地震波具有滤波作用;桩顶加速度响应相较于桩底具有滞后性;桩顶峰值加速度与桩顶加速度放大系数α在输入El-Centro波时最大;上、下盘α 差值在输入Kobe波时最大;弯矩和桩顶相对位移峰值在输入Kobe波时最大;弯矩在土层分界面处较大,输入不同地震波时弯矩峰值均未超过桩身抗弯能力;提出了强震区近断层桩基可根据验算内容选取合理地震波进行验算的抗震设计建议。 相似文献
12.
北太平洋副热带潜沉率及其变化中海面风的作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用中国科学院大气物理研究所的高分辨率逐日风场驱动的全球海洋模式(LICOM1·0)对北太平洋海域的潜沉(Subduction)过程和副热带模态水形成区潜沉率的年际变化进行了数值模拟,并将模拟结果与同化的海洋模式资料(SODA)进行了比较。研究结果表明,该高分辨率的海洋模式对北太平洋的绝大部分海域晚冬混合层底水质点的运动方向和路径的数值模拟结果较好,模式模拟的副热带环流比SODA资料中的副热带环流流速强;模式模拟的混合层深度比SODA资料中的混合层深度深,更接近观测;模式中副热带海域的潜沉率大于SODA资料中的副热带海域的潜沉率。模式结果表明,副热带环流和副极地环流交界处是潜沉过程发生的最主要区,该区气候平均的潜沉率超过100m/a,最大为150m/a,海面风变异引起的海洋平流的年际和年代际变化,是该区潜沉率发生年际和年代际变化的主要原因;在太平洋副热带东部模态水形成区,气候平均的潜沉率超过50m/a,在该区潜沉率的年际变化中,局地风应力旋度决定的Ekman抽吸要比海洋平流效应更加重要。 相似文献
13.
琉球群岛以东的西边界流与东海黑潮流量时空特征的研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过最新的高分辨率再分析海洋数据资料,对于东海黑潮以及琉球群岛以东海域的海流进行了研究。结果表明琉球群岛以东西边界流最大流速出现在600~1200 m深度的地形坡度最大处,大小约为0.2 m/s。由于冲绳岛以南庆良间水道的水交换对于东海黑潮流量有重要的影响,东海黑潮的平均流量从南向北逐渐递增,平均流量为28×106~35×106m3/s;琉球群岛以东的西边界流流量则比东海黑潮小一个量级,平均值小于其变化的方差;由于受庆良间水道海流的影响,冲绳岛东侧的流量要远小于奄美大岛东侧的流量。同一纬度大洋中西传的Rossby波对琉球群岛以东的西边界流有较大影响,因此琉球群岛以东西边界流的流量有大约100 d的显著变化周期。庆良间水道以南的东海黑潮由于主要受台湾以东黑潮流量的控制,也有大约100 d的显著变化周期,庆良间水道以北的东海黑潮则没有该特征。 相似文献
14.
本文采用CAM30 模式研究东亚地区各种气溶胶浓度增加后对于东亚春季各气候要素,尤其是对降水和春季风场的影响。在模式中通过分别对区域（20～50 °N,100～150 °E）内黑碳气溶胶浓度单独加倍、硫酸盐气溶胶浓度单独加倍、两种气溶胶浓度同时加倍的实验方法,探讨不同气溶胶浓度变化在东亚春季气候变化中的具体作用。结果表明：在春季,3种气溶胶浓度增加方式都使得东亚地区表现出降水中南部减少北部增加,低层大气西南风异常以及地面温度南部增加北部减少。通过对110～120 °E的断面分析发现,硫酸盐与黑碳气溶胶在春季首先影响约800 hPa以上大气的温度并通过不同的动力机制影响东亚地区的风场,风场的改变进而导致了云量和降水在东亚北方地区增多而中南部地区减少,并最终使得地面温度表现出东亚中南部地区增温而北方地区相对降温的特征。 相似文献
15.
利用CAM3.0气候模式模拟研究东亚地区气溶胶浓度增长以及1976/1977年前后发生的海温年代际变化对东亚夏季降水场的影响及其机制。采用四组试验:即对东亚区域(100~150 °E,20~50 °N)分别进行的单独加倍黑碳气溶胶浓度、单独加倍硫酸盐气溶胶浓度、同时加倍这两种气溶胶浓度的三组关于气溶胶直接气候效应的试验及全球海温在1976/1977前后发生变化的海温年代际变化试验,来比较、探讨海温年代际变化和东亚地区气溶胶浓度增加对东亚夏季降水的影响机制。结果表明,无论是海温年代际变化还是各种气溶胶的浓度加倍,都能导致我国出现长江以北地区降水减少-东南沿海地区降水增加的“南涝北旱”的降水异常分布型。但两者在洋面上空降水的迥异表现及东亚低层风场的不同变化,显示其具有不同的异常降水机制。比较三类气溶胶浓度增加的试验结果发现:在单独硫酸盐气溶胶浓度增加试验中,东亚中部出现最显著的中下层大气降温、异常下沉气流以及降水减少;而在黑碳气溶胶试验中,出现在东亚中部的异常下沉气流强度减弱且位置偏南;在同时增加两类气溶胶浓度时,降水异常分布与单独黑碳气溶胶浓度增加所导致的降水异常相近,但强度减小。 相似文献
16.
This paper attempts to analyze in detail the remote influence of the Indian Ocean Basin warming on the Northwest Pacific (NWP) during the year of decaying El Niño. Observation data and the Fast Ocean-Atmosphere coupled Model 1.5 were used to investigate the triggering conditions under which the remote influence is formed between the positive sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly in the North Indian Ocean and the Anomalous Northwest Pacific anticyclone (ANWPA). Our research show that it is only when there is a contributory background wind field over the Indian Ocean, i.e., when the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) reaches its peak, that the warmer SST anomaly in the North Indian Ocean incites significant easterly wind anomalies in the lower atmosphere of the Indo-West tropical Pacific. This then produces the remote influence on the ANWPA. Therefore, the SST anomaly in the North Indian Ocean might interfere with the prediction of the East Asia Summer Monsoon in the year of decaying El Niño. Both the sustaining effect of local negative SST anomalies in the NWP, and the remote effect of positive SST anomalies in the North Indian Ocean on the ANWPA, should be considered in further research. 相似文献
17.
基于1981—2020年日本气象厅(Japanese Meteorological Agency,JMA)再分析资料JRA-55(Japanese 55-year Reanalysis)以及美国国家气候中心(Climate Prediction Center,CPC)卫星降水资料,分析了瞬变涡旋活动特征及其对我国东部夏季降水异常的影响,并对其可能机制展开讨论。研究表明,蒙古国至我国东北和华北地区既是瞬变涡旋活动的活跃区域,也是其输送的大值区域,其中瞬变涡旋对热量和水汽的经向输送占主导地位,是中高纬热量和水汽的重要来源。根据瞬变涡旋经向热量和水汽输送变率的强度确定了瞬变热量和水汽输送的关键区域,分别为(45°~60°N,100°~130°E)和(35°~50°N,100°~120°E),并定义了瞬变热量和水汽指数,其与我国东部夏季降水异常的回归结果表明,瞬变涡旋活动对我国东部夏季降水存在显著影响。中高纬天气尺度瞬变涡旋对热量、水汽和动量的输送异常,通过波流相互作用过程,对平均流形成了反馈,导致季节平均环流、水汽分布和水汽输送的异常,从而在热力、动力和水汽条件的共同作用下引起降水异常。 相似文献
18.
A review of ocean-atmosphere interaction studies in China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A large number of papers have been published and great efforts have been made in the recent 20 years by the Chinese oceanographic and meteorological scientists in the ocean-atmosphere interaction studies. The present paper is an overview of the major achievements made by Chinese scientists aad their collaborators in studies of larger scale ocean-atmosphere interaction in the following oceans： the South China Sea, the Tropical Pacific, the indian Ocean and the North Pacific. Many interesting phenomena and dynamic mechanisms have been discovered and studied in these papers. These achievements have improved our understanding of climate variability and have great implications in climate prediction, and thus are highly relevant to the ongoing international Climate Variability and Predictability （CLIVAR） efforts. 相似文献
19.
Based on the Had ISST1 and NCEP datasets,we investigated the influences of the central Pacific El Ni?o event(CP-EL)and eastern Pacific El Ni?o event(EP-EL)on the Sea Surface Temperature(SST)anomalies of the Tropical Indian Ocean.Considering the remote ef fect of Indian Ocean warming,we also discussed the anticyclone anomalies over the Northwest Pacific,which is very important for the South China precipitation and East Asian climate.Results show that during the El Ni?o developing year of EP-EL,cold SST anomalies appear and intensify in the east of tropical Indian Ocean.At the end of that autumn,all the cold SST anomaly events lead to the Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD)events.Basin uniform warm SST anomalies exist in the Indian Ocean in the whole summer of EL decaying year for both CP-and EP-ELs.However,considering the statistical significance,more significant warm SST anomalies only appear in the North Indian Ocean among the June and August of EP-EL decaying year.For further research,EP-EL accompany with Indian Ocean Basin Warming(EPI-EL)and CP El Ni?o accompany with Indian Ocean Basin Warming(CPI-EL)events are classified.With the remote ef fects of Indian Ocean SST anomalies,the EPI-and CPI-ELs contribute quite differently to the Northwest Pacific.For the EPI-EL developing year,large-scale warm SST anomalies arise in the North Indian Ocean in May,and persist to the autumn of the El Ni?o decaying year.However,for the CPI-EL,weak warm SST anomalies in the North Indian Ocean maintain to the El Ni?o decaying spring.Because of these different SST anomalies in the North Indian Ocean,distinct zonal SST gradient,atmospheric anticyclone and precipitation anomalies emerge over the Northwest Pacific in the El Ni?o decaying years.Specifically,the large-scale North Indian Ocean warm SST anomalies during the EPI-EL decaying years,can persist to summer and force anomalous updrafts and rainfall over the North Indian Ocean.The atmospheric heating caused by this precipitation anomaly emulates atmospheric Kelvin waves accompanied by low level easterly anomalies over the Northwest Pacific.As a result,a zonal SST gradient with a warm anomaly in the west and a cold anomaly in the east of Northwest Pacific is generated locally.Furthermore,the atmospheric anticyclone and precipitation anomalies over the Northwest Pacific are strengthened again in the decaying summer of EPI-EL.Af fected by the local WindEvaporation-SST(WES)positive feedback,the suppressed East Asian summer rainfall then persists to the late autumn during EPI-EL decaying year,which is much longer than that of CPI-EL. 相似文献
20.
依据再分析的海洋温度、盐度月平均资料和观测的热通量资料,确定了北太平洋中纬度晚冬海表温度(SST)持续异常现象较明显的海域是位于38°-42°N,158°E-172°W的西部海域和位于35°-42°N,172°W-145°W的东部海域.分析结果表明,西部海域,晚冬SST持续异常现象的主要机制是海洋上混合层的"再现机制";而东部海域晚冬SST的持续异常现象主要是海面净热通量的持续异常所致.由于冬季北太平洋西风异常导致的上混合层深度季节的差异在1976年前后的不同,1976年后晚冬混合层深度深,"再现机制"的作用明显,SST持续异常现象更容易出现. 相似文献