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41.
For the Black-Sea region, we perform the dynamic reanalysis of the data on atmospheric circulation for the period 1958–2001
by using the HadRM3P model with a space resolution of 25 km. We estimate the mean climatic atmospheric fields of vorticity and divergence of the
wind velocity and study their space structure and seasonal variability. The climatic estimates of the annual course of vorticity
of the wind velocity over the sea are presented. The obtained large annual average values of vorticity of the velocity reveal
the predominant role played by the wind action in the generation not only of the seasonal variability but also of the mean
cyclonic circulation of waters in the Black Sea. 相似文献
42.
Physical mechanisms of formation of the global electric circuit (GEC) are considered and energy estimates are obtained for aeroelectric processes. Global thunderstorm activity, the electrodynamics of mesoscale convective systems, the electric fields of the magnetospheric dynamo and ionospheric dynamo region, and the electrostatic field of the global unipolar generator form a quasi-stationary aeroelectric state and maintain the balance of currents of the GEC atmospheric interval. In essence, the GEC is an open dissipative system including microphysical and electrohydrodynamic processes of generation and dissipation of the aeroelectric energy. The atmospheric electric field in the range of short-period aeroelectric pulsations has power-law spectra and contains coherent aeroelectric structures. The main GEC characteristics can serve as an indicator of a stationary state and spatiotemporal dynamics of atmospheric processes. 相似文献
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44.
Based on the experience of developing an oil field on the Caspian Sea shelf, which was initially exploited with injection of seawater into the oil-bearing beds to maintain reservoir pressure, the deposition of sulfate salts under reservoir conditions is predicted. The prediction of sulfate deposition is made in two ways: analytical calculations according to the method of J.E. Oddo and M.B. Thomson and computer modeling. The prediction took the strontium content in the formation waters of the oil-field into account, which is usually ignored in production practice. It has been established that the prediction by computer modeling is more accurate; in particular, it considerably expands the temperature limits of anhydrite precipitation. The amount of potentially precipitable sulfate salts found by computer modeling has shown that the mass of deposited calcium and strontium sulfates is rather large, which can significantly reduce the permeability of the reservoir. 相似文献
45.
S. V. Anisimov S. V. Galichenko K. V. Aphinogenov A. A. Prokhorchuk 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2018,54(5):764-774
The physical mechanisms determining the variability of the vertical profiles of electrical conductivity, space charge density, and electric field in the undisturbed midlatitude lower atmosphere are discussed. The influence of the global and local mesoscale processes on the variability of electrical conductivity and the main component of the atmospheric electric field is estimated. The sunrise effect is studied, estimates are obtained for the charge accumulation rate in the column of the lower atmosphere and the corresponding growth rate of the field strength close to the ground. It is shown that the increase in the average charge density is mainly due to the breakdown of the stable stratification of the atmospheric boundary layer and transformation of the vertical profile of electrical conductivity following the convective mixing of a radon and its daughter products. 相似文献