Direct evidence of imbalanced seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) shoot population dynamics in the Spanish Mediterranean     

Núria Marbà  Carlos M. Duarte  Elena Díaz-Almela  Jorge Terrados  Elvira Álvarez  Regino Martínez  Rocío Santiago  Esperança Gacia  Antoni M. Grau 《Estuaries and Coasts》2005,28(1):53-62

Direct census of shoots tagged in permanent plots was used to assess the present (2000–2002)Posidonia oceanica population dynamics in 25 meadows along the Spanish Mediterranean Coast. Shoot density ranged from 154±8 to 1,551±454 shoots m⁻², absolute shoot mortality from 5±0 to 249±53 shoots m⁻² yr⁻¹, and absolute shoot recruitment from <5 ±1 to 62±42 shoots m⁻²yr⁻¹. Specific shoot mortality and recruitment rates, which are mathematically and statistically (p>0.05) independent of shoot density, varied from 0.015±0.006 to 0.282±0.138 yr⁻¹ and 0.018±0.005 to 0.302±0.093 yr⁻¹, respectively. Absolute shoot mortality rate was scaled to shoot density (Pearson correlation, r=0.78, p<0.0001), and variability in specific shoot recruitment rate was partially due to differences in the percentage of growing apexes, which produce most of the recruits within the population (Pearson correlation, r=0.50, p<0.001), demonstrating the existence of structural constraints on shoot demography. Shoot half-life was estimated to range from 2.5 to 60.4 yr and meadow turnover times between 6.7 yr and more than a century, provided current estimates of shoot mortality, recruitment rates, and density remain uniform. There were differences in shoot mortality and recruitment at the regional scale, with the meadows developing along the coast of the Spanish mainland experiencing the highest shoot mortality (Tukey test, p<0.05) and tending to exhibit the highest shoot recruitment. The low shoot recruitment did not balance shoot mortality in most (60%) of the meadows, showing a prevalence of declining populations among the 25 meadows studied (Wilcoxon ranked sign test, p<0.0005). This study demonstrates the power of direct census of seagrass shoots in permanent plots to evaluate the present status of seagrass meadows, to detect on-going population decline, and to provide some insight onto the possible factors involved. The incorporation of direct census of seagrass meadows to monitoring programs will help provide the early-warning signals necessary to support management decisions to conserve seagrass meadows.  相似文献   

Spatial Variations of Local Magnitude in Earthquakes Recorded in Northeastern Spain     

Josep?Vilaramon.macia@upc.es  anton@am.ub.es" title="jvila@am.ub.es  ramon.macia@upc.es  anton@am.ub.es" itemprop="email" data-track="click" data-track-action="Email author" data-track-label="">Email author  Ramon?Macià  Antoni M.?Correig 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2005,162(3):515-530

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On the equivalence between stratified media and oscillators     

Mercè Urquizú  Antoni M. Correig 《Geophysical Journal International》2004,157(1):245-250

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Spatial loyalty and territorial embeddedness in the multi-sector clustering of the Berguedà region in Catalonia (Spain)     

Montserrat Pallares-Barbera  Antoni F. Tulla  Ana Vera 《Geoforum》2004,35(5):635-649

The development of clusters of local growth is supported by different processes. Endogenous economic development produced by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is based on family firms in which local market characteristics influence the sectorial diversification that emerges within certain regions. In the Berguedà region (Catalonia, Spain), the formation of a successful network of SMEs in three main sectors (food, textile and machinery) in the 1990s demonstrated the importance of grass-roots prerequisites, including industrial tradition, social networks and a sense of spatial loyalty, one of the main concepts studied in this paper. The aim of this paper is to study how institutions, local economic networks and collective social agents generate a propitious economic space that constitutes favourable embedding in Berguedà. However, the key element in this industrial system is the loyalty that entrepreneurs and workers feel towards their industrial region. These two processes, territorial embeddedness and spatial loyalty, appear to be two of the major forces behind the economic dynamism of the region and have led to the formation of a new cluster of firms.  相似文献   

Hydrothermal alteration of granite by meteoric fluid: an example from the Carnmenellis Granite,United Kingdom   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

David Savage  Mark R. Cave  Antoni E. Milodowski  Ian George 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1987,96(3):391-405

The interaction of granitic rock with meteoric fluid is instrumental in determining the chemistry of pore fluids and alteration mineralogy in downflow portions of convective groundwater circulation cells associated with many hydrothermal systems in the continental crust. Hydrothermal experiments and a detailed mineralogical study have been carried out to investigate the hydrothermal alteration of the Carnmenellis Granite, Cornwall, UK. Samples of drill chippings from a borehole 2 km deep in the Carnmenellis Granite have been reacted with a dilute Na-HCO₃-Cl fluid in hydrothermal solution equipment at temperatures of 80°, 150° and 250° C and a pressure of 50 MPa, with a water/rock mass ratio of 10, for experiment durations up to 200 days. Fluid samples were analysed for seventeen different chemical components, and solids were examined prior to, and after reaction using SEM, electron microprobe and conventional light optic techniques. Experimental fluids were mildly alkaline (pH 7–8.5) and of low salinity (TDS <800 mgl^–1). Mineral-fluid reaction was dominated by the dissolution of plagioclase and the growth of smectite, calcite (at all temperatures), laumontite (at 150° C), wairakite and anhydrite (at 250° C). Final fluids were saturated with respect to quartz and fluorite. Certain trace elements (Li, B, Sr) were either incorporated into solids precipitated during the experiments or sorbed onto mineral surfaces and cannot be considered as conservative (partitioned into the fluid phase) elements. Concentrations of all analysed chemical components showed net increases during the experiments except for Ca (at 250° C) and Mg (at all temperatures). A comparison of the alteration mineralogy observed in the experiments with that present as natural fracture infills in drillcore from the Carnmenellis Granite reveals that the solid products from the experiments correspond closely to mineral assemblages identified as occurring during the later stages of hydrothermal circulation associated with the emplacement of the granite.  相似文献   

Anomalous induction in the Carpathians     

Jerzy Jankowski  Antoni Szymański  Karel Pěč  Václav Červ  Václav Petr  Jana Pěčová  Oldřich Praus  Reviewer M. Hvoždara 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1977,21(1):35-57

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A substantial part of this paper was presented at the IAGA symposium Relations between External and Internal Magnetic Variations, XVI. IUGG General Assembly, August–September 1975, Grenoble.  相似文献   

Lateral variations of attenuation coefficients, group and phase velocities of rayleigh waves in Europe     

Antoni M. Correig  Maria T. Susagna  Xavier Lana 《Tectonophysics》1982,90(1-2)

Rayleigh wave group and phase velocities and attenuation coefficients are investigated in the 15–60-s period range for earthquakes occurring in the European area and registered at European stations. Observed group and phase velocities show clear differences in the period range 20–40 s, whereas attenuation coefficients are differentiated from 45 s to larger periods. From the shape of dispersion and attenuation curves, two broad zones have been isolated and designated as Western Europe and Southeastern Europe. Although some scatter is present, specially for attenuation, the data suggest that in general the shear velocity and Q_β values are higher for Southeastern Europe than for Western Europe. For Southeastern Europe there is a channel of low velocity and low Q_β, apparently correlated, located at the lower crust: in both regions there is a channel of low velocity and low Q_β values located at the uppermost mantle. In each case there also exists a channel of high Q_β values located at the lower crust but at slightly different depths.  相似文献   

Attenuation of Rayleigh waves across the volcanic area of the Massif Central,France     

Annie Souriau  Antoni M. Correig  Marc Souriau 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》1980,23(1):62-71

Rayleigh wave attenuation is investigated for periods ranging from 20 to 90 s, along a 450 km-long profile following the Oligocene tensile zone of the French Massif Central. A model is deduced by inversion, assuming that the S-wave intrinsic quality factor Q_β is frequency-independent, and yields a mean value Q_β = 43 ± 10 for the first 100 km in the upper mantle. This value, far lower than the mean value obtained in Eurasia, is close to those obtained in other recent tensile areas, e.g., the western United States or mid-oceanic ridges.A velocity-depth model for S-waves, deduced in a previous study from surface-wave propagation, has been corrected for the attenuation effect. We find a discrepancy between the corrected S-model and P-wave residuals in the same area, implying that Q_β must be frequency-dependent. This can be a clue for partial melting in the upper mantle beneath this region.  相似文献   

Chaotic behaviour of coda waves in the eastern Pyrenees     

Antoni M. Correig  Merce Urquizu 《Geophysical Journal International》1996,126(1):113-122

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An intelligent geospatial processing unit for image classification based on geographic vector agents (GVAs)          下载免费PDF全文

Kambiz Borna  Antoni B. Moore  Pascal Sirguey 《Transactions in GIS》2016,20(3):368-381

Spatial modeling methods usually use pixels and image objects as fundamental processing units to address real‐world objects, geo‐objects, in image space. To do this, both pixel‐based and object‐based approaches typically employ a linear two‐staged workflow of segmentation and classification. Pixel‐based methods segment a classified image to address geo‐objects in image space. In contrast, object‐based approaches classify a segmented image to identify geo‐objects from raster datasets. These methods lack the ability to simultaneously integrate the geometry and theme of geo‐objects in image space. This article explores Geographical Vector Agents (GVAs) as an automated and intelligent processing unit to directly address real‐world objects in the process of remote sensing image classification. The GVA is a distinct type of geographic automata characterized by elastic geometry, dynamic internal structure, neighborhoods and their respective rules. We test this concept by modeling a set of objects on a subset IKONOS image and LiDAR DSM datasets without the setting parameters (e.g. scale, shape information), usually applied in conventional Geographic Object‐Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA) approaches. The results show that the GVA approach achieves more than 3.5% improvement for correctness, 2% improvement for quality, although no significant improvement for completeness to GEOBIA, thus demonstrating the competitive performance of GVAs classification.  相似文献