土边坡地震反应及其动力稳定性分析   总被引：30，自引：1，他引：30  

薄景山  徐国栋  景立平 《地震工程与工程振动》2001,21(2):116-120

本文建立了计算土边坡地震反应及评价其动力稳定性的一个数值分析模型，将上边坡在动力作用下的应力状态简化为自重应力状态和附加动力状态的叠加，并对这两个应力状态分别进行研究。本文用时域集中质量显式有限元方法结合多次透射公式，研究了无限域中边坡在动力作用下的位移场和应力场，提出了土边坡动力稳定性的定量评价方法。  相似文献   

覆盖土层场地地震断裂实验   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

郭恩栋  冯启民  薄景山  洪峰 《地震工程与工程振动》2001,21(3):145-149

研究了覆盖土层场地在活动断裂位移作用下的实验技术，分别了正断层和走滑断层位移作用下土层模型地震模拟振动台断裂位移反应实验，取得了有意义的结论，为进行进一步的研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

济南地区岩溶地下水污染程度评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

薄克庭  蔡有兄 《山东国土资源》2016,32(3)

岩溶水环境背景值(污染起始值)是确定岩溶水污染程度的主要参数。通过2013年济南地区岩溶地下水水质资料与济南地区岩溶水环境地质背景值对比分析及综合评价,反映了济南地区岩溶地下水水质污染变化情况。该文地下水污染综合评价是根据以往不同年份的水质资料进行对比评价的,评价结果存在一定的局限性和不全面性,但基本能够反映济南地区岩溶地下水污染程度的总体情况。  相似文献   

RTK测量中基准站的设置问题     

翟翠允  段凌燕  耿志军  薄振龙  贾黎君  张军 《海洋测绘》2007,27(3):63-65

介绍了GPS单点定位及RTK的工作原理,并结合基本原理,对RTK测量中基准站的设置方法进行说明,并着重分析1 n RTK测量中,n台手簿在基准站设置中容易进入的误区,并结合实验数据进行了分析说明,找出错误原因,最后得出基准站正确的设置方法。  相似文献   

Episodic Cenozoic tectonism and the development of the NW European ‘passive’ continental margin     

D. Praeg  M.S. Stoker  P.M. Shannon  S. Ceramicola  B. Hjelstuen  J.S. Laberg  A. Mathiesen 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2005,22(9-10):1007

The North Atlantic margins are archetypally passive, yet they have experienced post-rift vertical movements of up to kilometre scale. The Cenozoic history of such movements along the NW European margin, from Ireland to mid-Norway, is examined by integrating published analyses of uplift and subsidence with higher resolution tectono-stratigraphic indicators of relative movements (including results from the STRATAGEM project). Three episodes of epeirogenic movement are identified, in the early, mid- and late Cenozoic, distinct from at least one phase of compressive tectonism. Two forms of epeirogenic movement are recognised, referred to as tilting (coeval subsidence and uplift, rotations <1° over distances of 100s of Kilometres) and sagging (strongly differential subsidence, rotations up to 4° over distances <100 km). Each epeirogenic episode involved relatively rapid (<10 Ma) km-scale tectonic movements that drove major changes in patterns of sedimentation to find expression in regional unconformity-bounded stratigraphic units. Early Cenozoic tilting (late Paleocene to early Eocene, c. 60–50 Ma) caused the basinward progradation of shelf-slope wedges from elongate uplifts along the inner continental margin and from offshore highs. Mid-Cenozoic sagging (late Eocene to early Oligocene, c. 35–25 Ma) ended wedge progradation and caused the onset of contourite deposition in deep-water basins. Late Cenozoic tilting (early Pliocene to present, <4±0.5 Ma) again caused the basinward progradation of shelf-slope wedges, from uplifts along the inner margin (including broad dome-like features) and from offshore highs. The early, mid- and late Cenozoic epeirogenic episodes coincided with Atlantic plate reorganisations, but the observed km-scale tectonic movements are too large to be accounted for as flexural deflections due to intra-plate stress variations. Mantle–lithosphere interactions are implied, but the succession of epeirogenic episodes, of differing form, are difficult to reconcile with the various syn-to post-rift mechanisms of permanent and/or transient movements proposed in the hypothetical context of a plume beneath Iceland. The epeirogenic movements can be explained as dynamic topographic responses to changing forms of small-scale convective flow in the upper mantle: tilting as coeval upwelling and downwelling above an edge-driven convection cell, sagging as a loss of dynamic support above a former upwelling. The inferred Cenozoic succession of epeirogenic tilting, sagging and tilting is proposed to record the episodic evolution of upper mantle convection during ocean opening, a process that may also be the underlying cause of plate reorganisations. The postulated episodes of flow reorganisation in the NE Atlantic region have testable implications for epeirogenic movements along the adjacent oceanic spreading ridge and conjugate continental margin, as well as on other Atlantic-type ‘passive’ margins.  相似文献   

Neogene stratigraphy and the sedimentary and oceanographic development of the NW European Atlantic margin     

Martyn S. Stoker  Daniel Praeg  Berit Oline Hjelstuen  Jan Sverre Laberg  Tove Nielsen  Pat M. Shannon 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2005,22(9-10):977

A regional correlation of Neogene stratigraphy has been attempted along and across the NW European Atlantic continental margin, between Mid-Norway and SW Ireland. Two unconformity-bounded successions are recognised. These are referred to as the lower and upper Neogene successions, and have been dated as Miocene–early Pliocene and early Pliocene–Holocene, respectively, in age. Their development is interpreted to reflect plate-wide, tectonically driven changes in the sedimentary, oceanographic and latterly climatic evolution of the NE Atlantic region. The lower Neogene succession mainly preserves a record of deep-water sedimentation that indicates an expansion of contourite sediment drifts above submarine unconformities, within this succession, on both sides of the eastern Greenland–Scotland Ridge from the mid-Miocene. This is interpreted to record enhanced deep-water exchange through the Faroe Conduit (deepest part of the Southern Gateway), and can be linked to compressive inversion of the Wyville–Thomson Ridge Complex. Thus, a pervasive, interconnected Arctic–North Atlantic deep-water circulation system is a Neogene phenomenon. The upper Neogene succession records a regional change, at about 4 Ma, in the patterns of contourite sedimentation (submarine erosion, new depocentres) coeval with the onset of rapid seaward-progradation of the continental margin by up to 100 km. This build-out of the shelf and slope is inferred to record a marked increase in sediment supply in response to uplift and tilting of the continental margin. Associated changes in deep-water circulation may be part of an Atlantic-wide reorganisation of ocean bottom currents. Glacial sediments form a major component of the prograding shelf margin (shelf-slope) sediment wedges, but stratigraphic data indicate that the onset of progradation pre-dates significant high-latitude glaciation by at least 1 Ma, and expansive Northern Hemisphere glaciation by at least 3 Ma.  相似文献   

Cenozoic alongslope processes and sedimentation on the NW European Atlantic margin     

Jan Sverre Laberg  Martyn S. Stoker  K.I. Torbjrn Dahlgren  Henk de Haas  Haflidi Haflidason  Berit O. Hjelstuen  Tove Nielsen  Pat M. Shannon  Tore O. Vorren  Tjeerd C.E. van Weering  Silvia Ceramicola 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2005,22(9-10):1069

Based on studies of sediment accumulations deposited from-and erode by-alongslope flowing ocean currents on the European continental margin from Porcupine (Ireland) to Lofoten (Norway), the evolution of the Cenozoic paleocirculation was reconstructed as part of the STRATAGEM project. There is evidence of ocean current-controlled erosion and deposition in the Rockall Trough, in the Faeroe-Shetland Channel and on the Vøring Plateau since the late Eocene, although the circulation pattern remains ambiguous. The late Palaeogene flow in the Rockall Trough was almost probably driven by southerly-derived Tethyan Outflow Water. The extent and strength of any northerly-derived flow is uncertain. From the early Neogene (early-mid-Miocene), there was a massive regional expansion of contourite drift development both in the North Atlantic and in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. This was most probably related to the development of the Faroe Conduit, the opening of the Fram Strait and the general subsidence of the Greenland-Scotland Ridge. These may have combined to cause a considerable acceleration in the exchange and overflow of deep waters between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans. An early late Neogene (late early Pliocene) regional erosional event has been ascribed to a vigorous pulse of bottom-current activity, most probably the result of a global reorganisation of ocean currents associated with the closure of the Central American Seaway. During the late Neogene, contourites and sediment drifts developed in deep-water basins, between units of glacigenic sediments as well as infill of several paleo-slide scars. These sediments were derived from areas of bottom-current erosion as well as from the development of Plio-Pleistocene prograding sediment wedges, incorporating the extensive sediment supply derived from shelf-wide ice sheets. Presently a profound winnowing prevails along the shelf and upper slope due to the inflowing currents of Atlantic water. Depocentres of sediments derived from the winnowing are located (locally) in lower slope embayments and in slide scars.  相似文献   

米曲霉两步活化法对黄芩苷的生物转化及转化产物的纯化与鉴定     

贺美  邱德全  柏仕杰 《广东海洋大学学报》2007,27(6):41-44

利用米曲霉把黄芩苷转化为黄芩素。转化条件为:液体发酵,pH6,30℃,利用综合马铃薯培养基与玉米芯培养基两步发酵。菌种采用两步活化法,将经综合马铃薯培养基培养48 h的米曲霉加入至玉米芯培养基培养48 h后,再加入底物黄芩苷继续培养3 d。玉米芯发酵液加甲醇混匀后过滤,通过高效液相色谱检测,结果表明米曲霉已经将黄芩苷转化为黄芩素,转化率为40.72%。同时用乙醚萃取法从玉米芯发酵液中萃取到黄色固体提取物,经过高效液相色谱与标准品对照鉴定,该提取物为黄芩素。  相似文献   

我国黄土高原地区地震动衰减关系研究的若干进展          下载免费PDF全文

薄景山  万卫  彭达  段玉石  李琪 《地震工程学报》2024,(1):182-198

地震动的衰减关系是指地震动随震级、距离和场地条件等变化的经验关系,近年来在我国亦被称为地震动预测方程,是估计地震动及其影响场的主要方法之一,在地震区划和重大工程场地地震安全性评价中被广泛应用。黄土是一种特殊土,在我国广泛分布。我国黄土高原地区地质构造复杂,新构造活动强烈,中强地震频发,地震动的衰减关系有其特殊性,总结我国黄土高原地区地震动衰减关系的研究成果对促进黄土高原地区抗震研究有重要意义。在简要介绍国内外地震动衰减关系研究的基础上,全面系统地总结我国学者在黄土高原地区的地震烈度衰减关系,基岩和土层场地地震动峰值加速度、峰值速度、峰值位移以及反应谱衰减关系方面的研究成果;评述和讨论在黄土覆盖地区地震动衰减研究领域存在的问题和今后的研究方向。文章的研究工作对从事黄土高原地区地震工程研究的科技人员有重要参考价值。  相似文献   

Early Holocene drowned lagoonal deposits from the Kattegat, southern Scandinavia     

OLE BENNIKE  JØRN BO JENSEN  PETER B. KONRADI  WOLFRAM LEMKE  JAN HEINEMEIER 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2000,29(4):272-286

Shallow seismic profiling indicated the presence of a drowned lagoon-barrier system formed during the transgression of the southern Kattegat, and investigations of core material have confirmed this. Studies of plant and animal macrofossils show that the lagoonal sediments contain a mixture of marine, brackish, lacustrine, telmatic and terrestrial taxa, and analyses of foraminifers indicate brackish-water conditions. Low oxygen isotope values obtained on shells of marine molluscs also point to lowered salinity. The lagoonal sediments are situated at depths between 24 and 35 m below present sea level. They are dated to between c. 10.5 cal. ka BP and c. 9.5 cal. ka BP, and reflect a period characterized by a moderate relative sea level rise. The lagoonal sediments are underlain by lateglacial glaciomarine clay and silt, which are separated from the Holocene deposits by an unconformity. The earliest Holocene sediments consist of littoral sand with gravel, stones and shells; these sediments were formed during the transgression of the area before the barrier island-lagoon system was developed. The lagoonal sediments are overlain by mud, which contains animal remains that indicate increasing water depths.  相似文献