我国西北地区“94.4”沙尘暴成因探讨   总被引：18，自引：19，他引：18  

王式功  辛春兰 《中国沙漠》1995,15(4):332-338

１９９４年４月３日～１２日，在我国西北地区发生了历史上罕见的以浮尘天气为主的沙尘暴。本文通过对造成这次灾害天气过程的大尺度环境形势、主要天气系统和前期气候背景与下垫面条件的全面系统分析，揭示了有别于其它沙尘暴天气过程的某些成因机制以及大风、浮尘、扬沙和沙暴等天气观象的日变化特征。  相似文献   

河西走廊中部砾质戈壁蛛形纲节肢动物群落特征     

刘继亮  赵文智  李锋瑞  巴义彬 《中国沙漠》2021,41(3):155-164

戈壁中蕴含了丰富的动植物资源,蛛形纲节肢动物是戈壁中重要的节肢动物类群,在戈壁生态系统食物网中扮演重要角色。以河西走廊中部典型砾质戈壁为研究区,2018年和2019年逐月监测了蛛形纲节肢动物种类及数量。结果表明：砾质戈壁有22个蛛形纲节肢动物种或属,Steatoda albomaculata、Xysticus spp.、Philodromus spp.、Gnaphosa spp.、Mesobuthus martensii、Mitopus morio和Karschia sp.是该区主要的蛛形纲节肢动物种或属。蛛形纲节肢动物活动密度及物种丰富度变化趋势一致,2018年蛛形纲节肢动物活动密度及类群丰富度均在4月出现峰值,2019年蛛形纲节肢动物的活动密度及类群丰富度均在6月达到峰值。平腹蛛科、逍遥蛛科、硬体盲蛛科、蟹蛛科、球蛛科和卡尔避日蛛科是主要的蛛形纲节肢动物类群,2018年卡尔避日蛛科、硬体盲蛛科和蟹蛛科活动密度均显著低于2019年,而平腹蛛科、逍遥蛛科和球蛛科活动密度变化趋势相反。逍遥蛛科主要在春季活动,2018年和2019年逍遥蛛科活动密度均在3月出现峰值;蟹蛛科和硬体盲蛛科主要在秋季活动,2018年和2019年蟹蛛科活动密度均在9月出现峰值,硬体盲蛛科活动密度在8月和10月出现峰值。卡尔避日蛛科、平腹蛛科和球腹蛛科等3个类群2018年活动密度在4月出现峰值,2019年在6月或10月出现峰值。降水的月动态变化对蛛形纲节肢动物月动态变化影响较小,蛛形纲节肢动物的活动密度及类群数与月平均温度均呈显著二次曲线关系。此外,研究还发现钳蝎科活动密度与月平均温度和降水量均呈显著正相关,蟹蛛科活动密度与月降水量、狼蛛科和平腹蛛科活动密度与月平均温度呈显著正相关。总之,温度及降水变化是蛛形纲节肢动物月和年活动节律变化的重要影响因子,它们调节了蛛形纲节肢动物群落结构的动态变化。  相似文献   

A simultaneous spectroscopic and photometric study of two eclipsing binaries: V566 Oph and V972 Her     

S. O. Selam  E. M. Esmer  H. V. Şenavcı  E. Bahar  O. Yörükoğlu  M. Yılmaz  Ö. Baştürk 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2018,363(2):34

In this study, we have performed simultaneous solutions of light and radial velocity curves of two eclipsing binary systems, V566 Oph and V972 Her. We observed both systems spectroscopically with a very recently installed spectrograph on the 40 cm telescope, T40, located in Ankara University Kreiken Observatory (AUKR), for the first time. We made use of the photometric data from the Hipparcos satellite for V972 Her, while we obtained the photometric observations of V566 Oph by using the 35 cm telescope, T35, located also in our observatory campus. We derived the absolute parameters for both systems and discussed their evolutionary states. In addition to the simultaneous analysis, we have also analyzed the change in mid-eclipse times for V566 Oph, and found cyclic variations, for which we have discussed light-time effect and magnetic activity as their potential origin, superimposed on a secular change due to a mass transfer between the components of the binary.  相似文献   

Seismic attenuation,normal moveout stretch,and low‐frequency shadows underlying bottom simulating reflector events          下载免费PDF全文

José M. Carcione  Ayman N. Qadrouh  Hervé Perroud  Davide Gei  Jing Ba  Stefano Picotti 《Geophysical Prospecting》2018,66(5):857-871

In many cases, the seismic response of bottom‐simulating reflectors is characterised by low frequencies called “low‐frequency shadow”. Generally, this phenomenon is interpreted as attenuation due to partial saturation with free gas. Actually, this frequency loss may have multiple causes, with a normal moveout stretch as a possible candidate. To analyse this phenomenon, we compute synthetic seismograms by assuming a lossy bottom‐simulating layer, with varying quality factor and thickness, bounded by the upper hydrate‐brine/gas‐brine and lower gas‐brine/brine interfaces. First, we estimate the shift of the centroid frequency of the power spectrum as a function of the travelled distance of the seismic pulse. Then, we perform one‐dimensional numerical experiments to quantify the loss of frequency of the seismic event below the bottom‐simulating reflector as a function of the quality factor of the bottom‐simulating layer and its thickness (due to wave interference). Then, we compute shot gathers to obtain the stacked section, with and without the normal moveout stretch correction and with and without the presence of wave attenuation in the bottom‐simulating layer. The results indicate that the low‐frequency shadow due to the normal moveout stretch is stronger than that due to attenuation and may constitute a false indicator of the presence of gas. In fact, often, the low‐frequency shadow overlies events with higher frequencies, in contradiction with the physics of wave propagation. This is particularly evident when the low‐frequency shadow is so extensive that the presence of high frequencies below cannot be justified by the acquisition geometry.  相似文献   

Rock physics model of tight oil siltstone for seismic prediction of brittleness     

Wenhui Tan  Jing Ba  Tobias Müller  Gang Fang  Haibo Zhao 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(5):1554-1574

Tight oil siltstones are rocks with complex structure at pore scale and are characterized by low porosity and low permeability at macroscale. The production of tight oil siltstone reservoirs can be increased by hydraulic fracturing. For optimal fracking results, it is desirable to map the ability to fracture based on seismic data prior to fracturing. Brittleness is currently thought to be a key parameter for evaluating the ability to fracture. To link seismic information to the brittleness distribution, a rock physics model is required. Currently, there exists no commonly accepted rock physics model for tight oil siltstones. Based on the observed correlation between porosity and mineral composition and known microstructure of tight oil siltstone in Daqing oilfield of Songliao basin, we develop a rock physics model by combining the Voigt–Reuss–Hill average, self-consistent approximation and differential effective medium theory. This rock physics model allows us to explore the dependence of the brittleness on porosity, mineral composition, microcrack volume fraction and microcrack aspect ratio. The results show that, as quartz content increases and feldspar content decreases, Young's modulus tends to increase and Poisson ratio decreases. This is taken as a signature of higher brittleness. Using well log data and seismic inversion results, we demonstrate the versatility of the rock physics template for brittleness prediction.  相似文献   

西藏麦地卡湿地的浮游植物——2.功能群特征及其与环境因子的关系     

潘成梅  刘洋  安瑞志  巴桑 《湖泊科学》2022,34(4):1115-1126

为揭示青藏高原湿地浮游植物功能群时空分布特征与环境因子的关系,本文于2019年7月(丰水期)和2019年10月(枯水期)在麦地卡湿地调查浮游植物功能群组成和生物量,并运用Spearman相关性分析、冗余分析(RDA)和典范对应分析(CCA)等方法,对麦地卡湿地浮游植物功能群时空分布特征及其与环境因子的关系进行分析.结果表明:1)根据功能群分类方法,麦地卡湿地浮游植物可划分为27个功能群,分别为A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H1、J、K、L_M、L_O、M、MP、N、P、S1、S2、T、T_B、T_C、W1、W2、X1、X2、X3和Z;在时间维度上,丰水期有26个功能群,枯水期有23个功能群;在空间维度上,河流湿地有24个功能群,湖泊湿地有23个功能群,沼泽湿地有12个功能群.2)丰水期,以功能群A、D、L_M、L_O、MP、N、P、T、T_B和X3为主,枯水期以功能群A、D、J、L_M、L_O、MP、N、P、T和T_B为主,其中A和T功能群为2个水情期的共有绝对优势功能群,功能群J仅为枯水期的绝对优势功能群.3)生态状态指数(Q)范围为1.80～4.86,平均值为3.80,表明麦地卡湿地水质状态为“好”.4)相关性分析表明,浊度、COD_Cr、总磷和硝态氮与部分优势功能群生物量具有显著相关性;RDA分析表明,盐度和总氮是影响丰水期优势功能群生物量的主要环境因子.CCA分析表明,总氮和硝态氮是影响枯水期优势功能群生物量的主要环境因子.  相似文献   

Tropical Cyclone in the North of the South China Sea as a Factor Affecting the Structure of the Vietnamese Current     

Vlasova  G. A.  Xuan  Nguyen Ba  Demenok  M. N.  Long  Bui Hong  Mau  Le Dinh  Dung  Nguyen Thi Thuy 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2020,56(4):390-400

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Tropical cyclones play a significant role in the formation of the hydrodynamic regime of the South China Sea, including its western part, which is...  相似文献   

平面P波在饱和半空间中洞室周围的散射(I):解析解   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

梁建文  巴振宁  Vincent W.Lee 《地震工程与工程振动》2007,(1)

利用波函数展开法给出了入射平面P波在饱和半空间中圆形洞室周围散射问题的一个解析解。半空间假定为无粘性流体饱和介质,满足Biot理论。采用一种基于实验数据的孔隙率和模量之间的线性关系来确定Biot模型中的介质参数。解答考虑了透水边界和非透水边界两种情况。对边界条件进行了数值检验,结果表明,随着级数截断项数的增大,边界残量衰减很快。解答为进一步研究入射波频率和角度、边界渗透条件、孔隙率、泊松比等参数对散射的影响奠定了基础。  相似文献   

粤北铀矿定位场   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王玉生  王新武  朱捌  张宝武  邓平 《铀矿地质》2000,16(6):353-361,374

粤北铀矿区是南岭铀成矿带核心地段,也是我国花岗岩型铀矿首选突破、集中发育地区。我们用１：２０万铀矿地质编图方法、地质异常区和构造岩相域理论,从新的角度总结研究了粤北铀矿系列时空结构。得出大型地质异常区,多期次地热活动中心,岩石脆性变形产生的剪切脆裂岩相域,巨型结构和放射性元素异常场共同构成铀矿定位场,据此进行了成矿预测。  相似文献   

An iterative global pressure solution for the semi-analytical simulation of geological carbon sequestration   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Domenico Baù  Brent M. Cody  Ana González-Nicolás 《Computational Geosciences》2015,19(4):781-789

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