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991.
The effects of land use on runoff and soil nutrient losses in a gully catchment of the hilly areas: implications for erosion control 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
WANG Jun FU Bojie QIU Yang CHEN Liding CHEN Chen HU Baodong 《地理学报(英文版)》2005,15(4):396-404
1 Introduction Soiland waterlossisoneofthe worldwide environm entalissuesthreatening sustainable land use in semiarid areas.However,soiland water loss is highly variable in space and time,and its variability resultsfrom m any factorsoperating ata wide ran… 相似文献
992.
Climatic response of thick leaf spruce (Picea crassifolia) tree-ring width at different elevations over Qilian Mountains, northwestern China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Tree-ring cores of thick leaf spruce (Picea crassifolia) taken from four sites at different elevations, in the middle of the Qilian Mountains, in the arid and semi-arid region of northwestern China, were used to develop four tree-ring width chronologies using standard dendrochronological methods. Results indicate that with increasing altitude the chronologies’ year-to-year variations decreased. Hence, the sensitivity of the tree-ring chronologies to climate decreases with altitude. Further analysis showed that the significant limiting factor on tree growth is spring precipitation. Measurements of stomata density and leaf dry weight suggest the species’ ecological adaptation strategy changes with elevation. At high elevation the metabolic rate of thick leaf spruce decreases, thus showing the effect of the climate. 相似文献
993.
Wenzhi Zhao Shuichang Zhang Feiyu Wang Jianping Chen Zhongyao Xiao Fuqing Song 《Organic Geochemistry》2005,36(12):1602-1616
Oil and gas exploration in eastern Tarim Basin, NW China has been successful in recent years, with several commercial gas accumulations being discovered in a thermally mature to over-mature region. The Yingnan2 (YN2) gas field, situated in the Yingnan structure of the Yingjisu Depression, produces gases that are relatively enriched in nitrogen and C2+ alkanes. The δ13C1 (−38.6‰ to −36.2‰) and δ13C2 values (−30.9‰ to −34.7‰) of these gases are characteristic of marine sourced gases with relatively high maturity levels. The distributions of biomarkers in the associated condensates suggest close affinities with the Cambrian–Lower Ordovician source rocks which, in the Yingjisu Sag, are currently over-mature (with 3–4%Ro). Burial and thermal maturity modeling results indicate that paleo-temperatures of the Cambrian–Lower Ordovician source rocks had increased from 90 to 210 °C during the late Caledonian orogeny (458–438 Ma), due to rapid subsidence and sediment loading. By the end of Ordovician, hydrocarbon potential in these source rocks had been largely exhausted. The homogenization temperatures of hydrocarbon fluid inclusions identified from the Jurassic reservoirs of the YN2 gas field suggest a hydrocarbon emplacement time as recent as about 10 Ma, when the maturity levels of Middle–Lower Jurassic source rocks in the study area were too low (<0.7%Ro) to form a large quantity of oil and gas. The presence of abundant diamondoid hydrocarbons in the associated condensates and the relatively heavy isotopic values of the oils indicate that the gases were derived from thermal cracking of early-formed oils. Estimation from the stable carbon isotope ratios of gaseous alkanes suggests that the gases may have been formed at temperatures well above 190 °C. Thus, the oil and gas accumulation history in the study area can be reconstructed as follows: (1) during the late Caledonian orogeny, the Cambrian–Lower Ordovician marine source rocks had gone through the peak oil, wet gas and dry gas generation stages, with the generated oil and gas migrating upwards along faults and fractures to form early oil and gas accumulations in the Middle–Upper Ordovician and Silurian sandstone reservoirs; (2) since the late Yanshanian orogeny, the early oil accumulations have been buried deeper and oil has undergone thermal cracking to form gas; (3) during the late Himalayan orogeny, the seals for the deep reservoirs were breached; and the gas and condensates migrated upward and eventually accumulating in the relatively shallow Jurassic reservoirs. 相似文献
994.
995.
苏北盆地高邮凹陷是江苏油田的主要油气勘探开发区,是一个南断北超的典型箕状断陷湖盆,其中的古近系戴南组为一套厚度近2 000 m的河湖相砂泥岩地层,从下到上分为一段和二段。通过沉积充填分析和沉积相编图,戴南组一段沉积时,苏北盆地断陷构造活动相对强烈,地形高差大,水体相对较深,水体范围相对较小,从南向北分别发育近岸水下扇、湖底扇、三角洲等沉积相类型。戴南组二段沉积时,构造活动有所减弱,地形高差变小,水体相对较浅,水体范围扩大至整个凹陷,从南向北分别发育扇三角洲、湖底扇、三角洲等沉积相类型。利用砂岩等厚图等资料,确定了戴南组的沉积相图。沉积相在平面上分布范围明确,纵向上既有差异性又有继承性。高邮凹陷边缘和内部的同沉积断层对沉积相和砂体的发育分布起着重要的控制作用,沉积相控制了油气分布,特别是对隐蔽油气藏形成起重要作用。高邮凹陷戴南组的隐蔽圈闭类型主要有地层超覆、断层-岩性、砂岩上倾尖灭及透镜体圈闭等。湖底扇、三角洲前缘、扇三角洲前缘、近岸水下扇中扇等为有利的储集岩相带。结合石油地质条件的分析,确定了联18-马18井区等几个有利的隐蔽油藏勘探区。 相似文献
996.
本文对福建省水氡观测资料变化规律进行分析,并试图利用相对均方差、拟合噪声水平和相对年变幅等三项指标,对福建省8个水氡点的观测资料质量进行初步探索。 相似文献
997.
本文计算了福建自1992年至2004年以来的地倾斜EW和NS两分量的固体潮潮汐因子,并进行动态组合,绘制组合动态三种特征量:ΔγEW ΔγNS(表征扩容)、ΔγEW-ΔγNS(表征剪切应变)、ΔγEW/ΔγNS(表征介质各向异性)的时序曲线图,并进行固体潮特征分析,寻找中、强地震发生前远场块体和近场块体地倾斜突变性形变异常与之对应关系。结果表明:在福建沿海,海潮是决定倾斜固体潮特征的主要因素;福建发生5级上的中强地震、台湾发生7级以上强烈地震时,福建地倾斜固体潮潮汐因子及其动态组合特征存在明显的渐进式突变性形变异常现象,异常量和异常持续时间与震级和震中距有较好的对应关系。 相似文献
998.
Zhu Yu Wei Jun Yang Manjuan Li Hao Liu Hongqing 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2005,16(3):277-282
INTRODUCTION Tunnel typeanchoragehasobviousadvantages inbearingcapacityversusinvestment(LiuandHu,1996).However,itisrarelyusedinapracticalpro jectbecauseofitsrequirementofgoodrockcondi tions.Siduhebridge(Fig.1),whichliesintheBa dongmountainsinthewestplatea… 相似文献
999.
北黄海盆地是发育于隆起背景之上的中、新生代沉积盆地。新一轮资源调查研究表明,北黄海中、新生代沉积盆地的基底由古生界沉积岩层和前寒武纪变质岩系等组成,盆地不同程度地发育下构造层(J3-K1)、中构造层(E2-E3)和上构造层(N);从油气资源和中、新生代地层发育情况出发,将北黄海海域划分为辽东-海洋岛隆起区、北黄海盆地和胶北.刘公岛隆起区等3个一级构造单元,其中北黄海盆地包括6个二级构造单元和24个三级构造单元;盆地褶皱、断裂构造十分发育,褶皱构造可划分为区域挤压型、局部伴生型和披盖型等三类,断裂构造主要可见近EW—NE向、NW向和NNE向三组,其中近EW—NE向和NNE向断裂比较发育,控制着盆地隆、坳分布格局和沉积特征。 相似文献
1000.
Geochemistry and occurrence of inorganic gas accumulations in Chinese sedimentary basins 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
Inorganic gases are commonly seen in eastern China and occasionally in southern China from the shallow water columns above hot and cold springs. The gases contain 68% to nearly 100% CO2, with δ13CCO2 and δ13C1 values in the range of −1.18‰ to −6.00‰ and −19.48‰ to −24.94‰, respectively. All of the 34 large inorganic CO2 and one inorganic methane accumulations discovered in China are distributed in eastern parts of the country, from both onshore and continental shelf basins. No commercial inorganic gas accumulation has been found in central and western China. This is a review of the occurrence and geochemical characteristics of inorganic gas accumulations in Chinese sedimentary basins. A detailed study of gas samples collected from four representative inorganic CO2 pools and one possible inorganic methane pool indicates that inorganic alkane gases typically show δ13C1 values greater than −10‰ versus PDB (mostly −30‰), with a positive stable carbon isotope sequence of δ13C1 < δ 13C2 < δ13C3 < δ 13C4. In contrast, the δ13C1 values of biogenic alkane gases are lighter than −30‰, with a negative isotope sequence (i.e. δ13C1 > δ13C2 > δ 13C3 > δ13C4). Inorganic gases also tend to show less negative δ13CCO2 values (−10‰) than biogenic gases (<−10‰). 相似文献