全文获取类型
收费全文 | 332篇 |
免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 8篇 |
大气科学 | 9篇 |
地球物理 | 91篇 |
地质学 | 101篇 |
海洋学 | 41篇 |
天文学 | 42篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
自然地理 | 47篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 2篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 7篇 |
2015年 | 9篇 |
2014年 | 8篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 14篇 |
2011年 | 12篇 |
2010年 | 7篇 |
2009年 | 19篇 |
2008年 | 15篇 |
2007年 | 13篇 |
2006年 | 16篇 |
2005年 | 13篇 |
2004年 | 22篇 |
2003年 | 10篇 |
2002年 | 12篇 |
2001年 | 6篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 10篇 |
1998年 | 14篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有340条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
91.
Shane?M.?WilkesEmail author T.?Prabhakar?Clement Claus?J.?Otto 《Hydrogeology Journal》2004,12(2):209-223
Understanding the hydrogeology of weathered rock catchments is integral for the management of various problems related to increased salinity within the many towns of Western Australia. This paper presents the results of site characterisation investigations aimed at improving the overall understanding of the hydrogeology of the southern portion of the Augustus River catchment, an example of a weathered rock catchment. Site data have highlighted the presence of both porous media aquifers within the weathered profile and fractured rock aquifers within the basement rocks. Geophysical airborne surveys and other drilling data have identified a large number of dolerite dykes which crosscut the site. Fractured quartz veins have been found along the margins of these dolerite dykes. Detailed groundwater-level measurements and barometric efficiency estimates indicate that these dolerite dykes and fractured quartz veins are affecting groundwater flow directions, promoting a strong hydraulic connection between all aquifers, and also influencing recharge mechanisms. The hydrogeological significance of the dolerite dykes and fractured quartz veins has been assessed using a combination of high-frequency groundwater-level measurements (30-min sampling interval), rainfall measurements (5-min sampling interval) and barometric pressure fluctuations (30-min sampling interval). A conceptual model was developed for describing various hydrogeological features of the study area. The model indicates that fractured quartz veins along the margins of dolerite dykes are an important component of the hydrogeology of the weathered rock catchments.
Resumen Entender la hidrogeología de cuencas con rocas meteorizadas es esencial para gestionar diversos problemas relacionados con el incremento de salinidad en muchas ciudades de Australia Occidental. Este artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos en la caracterización de varios emplazamientos con el fin de mejorar el conocimiento general de la hidrogeología en la zona sur de la cuenca del Río Augustus, que sirve como ejemplo de cuenca en rocas meteorizadas. Los datos de campo resaltan la presencia tanto de medios acuíferos porosos dentro del perfil meteorizado como de acuíferos en rocas fracturadas dentro de la roca fresca. Los registros geofísicos aéreos y datos de las perforaciones han identificado un gran número de diques de dolerita que intersectan el emplazamiento. Se ha hallado venas de cuarzo fracturado a lo largo de los márgenes de los diques de dolerita. Medidas detalladas del nivel piezométrico y estimaciones de la eficiencia barométrica indican que los diques de dolerita y las venas de cuarzo fracturado afectan las direcciones del flujo de las aguas subterráneas, originando una fuerte conexión hidráulica entre todos los acuíferos e influenciando también a los mecanismos de recarga. Se ha establecido la importancia hidrogeológica de los diques de dolerita y de las venas de cuarzo fracturado mediante una combinación de medidas muy frecuentes del nivel piezométrico (cada 30 min), de la precipitación (cada 5 min) y de las fluctuaciones de la presión barométrica (cada 30 min). Se ha desarrollado un modelo conceptual para describir varias características hidrogeológicas del área de estudio. El modelo indica que las venas de cuarzo fracturado en los márgenes de los diques de dolerita constituyen un componente importante de la hidrogeología de cuencas con rocas meteorizadas.
Résumé Comprendre lhydrogéologie des bassins en roches altérées est essentiel pour la gestion de différents problèmes liés à laugmentation de la salinité dans de nombreuses villes dAustralie occidentale. Cet article présente les résultats détudes de caractérisation de sites conduites pour améliorer la compréhension de lhydrogéologie de la partie sud du bassin de la rivière Augustus, exemple de bassin en roches altérées. Les données concernant le site ont mis en évidence la présence simultanée daquifères poreux dans le profil daltération et daquifères de roches fracturées dans le socle. Des campagnes de géophysique aéroportée et dautres données de forages ont identifié de très nombreux dykes de dolérite traversant le site. Des veines de quartz fracturées ont été trouvées aux marges de ces dykes de dolérite. Des mesures détaillées de niveau des nappes et des estimations des effets barométriques indiquent que ces dykes de dolérite et les veines de quartz fracturées affectent les directions découlement souterrain, favorisant une forte connexion hydraulique entre tous ces aquifères, et influençant également les mécanismes de recharge. La signification hydrogéologique des dykes de dolérite et des veines de quartz fracturées a été analysée en combinant des mesures à haute fréquence du niveau des nappes (toutes les 30 min), de la pluie (toutes les 5 min) et des variations de la pression barométrique (toutes les 30 min). Un modèle conceptuel a été établi pour décrire les différents phénomènes hydrogéologiques de la région étudiée. Ce modèle indique que les veines de quartz aux marges des dykes de dolérite sont une importante composante de lhydrogéologie des bassins en roches altérées.相似文献
92.
Heiko?WoithEmail author Rongjiang?Wang Claus?Milkereit Jochen?Zschau Ulrike?Maiwald Asaf?Pekdeger 《Hydrogeology Journal》2003,11(1):113-121
At four sites in Turkey and Armenia the physico-chemical properties of thermal and mineral waters were monitored continuously
during the Izmit and Düzce earthquakes that occurred along the North Anatolian fault in August and November 1999. The epicentral
distances between the moment magnitude (Mw) 7.6 Izmit earthquake and the monitoring locations were 313, 488, 1,161, and 1,395 km. At the most distant site, the specific
electrical conductivity of mineral water from a flowing artesian well dropped co-seismically and postseismically by 7%. No
changes were observed at the other sites, although the estimated earthquake strains and peak ground accelerations are much
higher. A similar pattern was observed after the Düzce earthquake, which happened three months after the Izmit event. The
response of a hydrogeological system seems to depend on the site characteristics rather than on the nature of the earthquake.
A hydrogeological model for the sensitive observation site farthest from the Izmit earthquake explains the observations in
terms of a changed mixing ratio between two fluid components. Passing seismic waves may trigger a local pore-pressure increase
according to the mechanism of advective overpressure. The preconditions for this mechanism, free gas bubbles in the aquifer
in combination with a trap for rising bubbles, is probably not fulfilled by the other groundwater systems.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
93.
Teleseismic and strong-motion data are inverted to determine the rupture process during the November 1999 Düzce earthquake in NW Turkey. The fault geometry, rise time and rupture velocity are determined from the aftershock distribution and preliminary inversions of the teleseismic data. Joint inversion of the teleseismic and strong-motion data is then carried out for the slip distribution. We obtain the strike 264°, dip 64°, rake −172°, seismic moment 5.0×1019 N m (Mw 7.1), and average stress drop 7 MPa. This earthquake was characterized by bilateral fault rupture and asymmetric slip distribution. Two asperities (areas of large slip) are identified, the eastern one being 1.5 times larger than the western one. The derived slip distribution is consistent with the aftershock distribution, surface rupture and damage. The point of rupture initiation in this Düzce earthquake coincided with the eastern tip of the aftershock distribution of the August 1999 Izmit earthquake. 相似文献
94.
Tanja Barth Sylvi Hiland Per Fotland Kjell Magne Askvik Bent Skaare Pedersen Anna Elisabet Borgund 《Organic Geochemistry》2004,35(11-12):1513
Twelve oil samples have been characterised by titration, FT-IR and chromatographic analysis to determine the differences between the organic acid composition of biodegraded and non-biodegraded oils. The biodegraded oils have higher total acid and total base contents, both by titration and extraction. The molecular weight ranges of the extracted acids are lowest in the biodegraded oils, and the equivalent weight calculations indicate a dominance of multi-functional molecules. Gel permeation chromatography gives a molecular weight range with most of the molecules between 300 and 500 g/mol. FT-IR shows that the extracted acids from biodegraded oils are more carboxylic and aliphatic while the non-degraded oils are more phenolic. Molecular analysis of the derivatised extracts give UCM envelopes for biodegraded oils, and no molecular identification. The results indicate that the acidic constituents in biodegraded oils are a product of the biodegradation, as the composition is very different from the non-biodegraded oils. 相似文献
95.
Rongjiang Wang Heiko Woith Claus Milkereit Jochen Zschau 《Geophysical Journal International》2004,157(2):717-726
96.
Lithospheric structure of the Tornquist Zone resolved by nonlinear P and S teleseismic tomography along the TOR array 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Z. Hossein Shomali Roland G. Roberts Laust B. Pedersen the TOR Working Group 《Tectonophysics》2006,416(1-4):133
The main aim of the TOR project is to study the lithospheric–asthenospheric boundary structure under the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone, across northern Germany, Denmark and southern Sweden. Relative arrival-time residuals of teleseismic P and S phases from 51 earthquakes, recorded by 150 seismic stations along the TOR array, were used to delineate the transition zone in the studied area. The effects of crustal structures were investigated by correcting the teleseismic residuals for travel-time variations in the crust based on a 3D crustal model derived from other data. The inversion was carried out for S phases. The results were then compared with the corresponding P-wave models. As expected, the derived models show that the relatively old and cold Baltic Shield has higher velocity at depth than the younger lithosphere farther South. The models show two sharp and distinct increases in depth to velocities which are low compared to our reference model, as we move from South to North. The location and sharpness of these boundaries suggests that the features resolved are, at least partially, compositional in origin, presumably related to mantle depletion. A sharp and steep subcrustal boundary is found roughly coincident with the southern edge of Sweden. This is below where the edge of the Baltic Shield is usually placed, based on surface geological evidence (the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone). Another less significant transition is recognised more or less beneath the Elbe-lineament. Relatively high d(Vp / Vs) ratios under the central part of the profile (Denmark) indicate relatively low S-velocity in an area where a gravity high supports the hypothesis of extensive mafic intrusions. 相似文献
97.
Eyjafjallajökull volcano, located in southern Iceland, is characterized by its quiet nature. Only about a handful of earthquakes associated with the volcanic system had been detected prior to the 1990s. Earthquake swarms did, however, occur in 1994 and 1999. Here we investigate the spatio-temporal evolution of a magmatic intrusion associated with the 1999 earthquake swarm via analysis of produced surface deformation. A series of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) images, spanning various periods of the intrusion, show that in 1999 surface deformation occurred mainly on the southern flanks of the volcano. The deformation amounts to more than 20 cm of range change. Inverse modeling resolves the deformation source to be a sill intrusion at 6.3 km depth. Sill opening was up to 1 m and the total intruded volume amounts to ~0.03 km3. The InSAR data display a migration of the center of deformation through time, enabling us to create time-dependant sill-opening models. Furthermore, we investigate the spatio-temporal distribution of earthquakes and find that the distribution supports the InSAR derived model and additionally provides indications for a possible site of a feeder channel. Magmatic flow-rate estimates indicate an initial intrusion rate of 4–6 m3/s, declining over a few weeks. 相似文献
98.
震后地形变与孔隙压力瞬态变化的相互关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
大震改变地壳的应力,从而触发地震及其余震。一系列随时间变化的过程,包括余滑、孔隙流体的流动、下地壳和上地幔粘性的张驰、断层附近应力和孔隙压力调整以及地震的触发进程。然而,尽管进行过多次尝试,但通过直接场地的观测,很难将这些过程区分开来。这里我们采用一种星载雷达干涉图和冰岛南部地震带两个6.5级地震地热井水位变化过程结合的测量法。干涉图记录到的形变既不能用余滑也不能用粘-弹性张驰来解释,但它与地震发生后最初两个月孔隙弹性物质的回跳一致,这可以用地震引起水位变化的快速恢复(1—2个月)来证实,相反余震序列的持续时间达到3.5年,这表明余震的持续时间并不是由孔隙流体的流动控制的,但是,因为表面应变是由地壳浅部孔隙压力的变化控制的,因此,我们不能排除在余震发生深度存在较长时间的孔隙压力瞬态变化。余震的持续时间与随速度和状态变化的摩擦定律控制的地震活动变化速率模型是一致的。 相似文献
99.
Sabry F. El-Hakim Claus Brenner Gerhard Roth 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》1998,53(6):379-391
Creating virtual environment models often requires geometric data from range sensors as well as photometric data from CCD cameras. The model must be geometrically correct, visually realistic, and small enough in size to allow real-time rendering. We present an approach based on 3D range sensor data, multiple CCD cameras, and a colour high-resolution digital still camera. The multiple CCD cameras provide images for a photogrammetric bundle adjustment with constraints. The results of the bundle adjustments are used to register the 3D images from the range sensor in one coordinate system. The images from the high-resolution still camera provide the texture for the final model. The paper describes the system, the techniques for the registration of the 3D images, the building of the efficient geometric model, and the registration and integration of the texture with a simplified geometric model. 相似文献
100.
D.W. Graham L.M. Larsen B.B. Hanan M. Storey A.K. Pedersen J.E. Lupton 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1998,160(3-4):241-255
Picrites from the 61 million year old Vaigat Formation of the Nuussuaq Peninsula in West Greenland have 3He/4He ratios trapped in olivine phenocrysts which range up to 30 times the atmospheric ratio. These high values, measured during gas extraction by crushing in vacuum, are similar to the highest magmatic 3He/4He ratios found in young terrestrial volcanic rocks. By analogy with young basalts, in which crushing selectively extracts magmatic helium, any significant cosmogenic 3He appears to be absent in these picrites. Additional evidence for the absence of cosmogenic helium is provided by fusion results on the crushed olivine powders and by a single stepwise crushing experiment, in which only magmatic and radiogenic helium components are resolvable. The West Greenland picrites have Pb, Nd and Sr isotope compositions which overlap those found in picrites from Iceland and in basalts from Loihi Seamount, localities which today also have high 3He/4He ratios. Isotopic variations in He, Pb, Nd and Sr for the West Greenland picrites are interpreted to largely result from interaction of the early Iceland mantle plume with the upper mantle during plume ascent and dispersion beneath the continental lithosphere. The presence of high 3He/4He ratios in West Greenland, and the onset of magmatism across the North Atlantic Volcanic Province near 62 Ma, supports the hypothesis for very rapid dispersion (>1 m/year) of mantle plume head material during the earliest stages of plume impact, as predicted in recent numerical simulations of plume behavior during thermal mantle convection with non-Newtonian rheology. 相似文献