Regional Differentiation and Classification for Carrying Constraints on the Resources and Environment of China     

ZHANG Xuefei  XU Yong  LI Lijuan  DAI Erfu  XU Weihua 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2018,9(2):135-145

Research on the relationship between national resource constraint-region types and environmental carrying capacity is essential for the continued development of Chinese industrialization and urbanization. Thus, utilizing a series of key indexes including the per-capita potential of available land resources, the per-capita potential of available water resources, the degree of environmental stress, and the degree of ecological restriction, a step-by-step, integrated measuring method is presented here to understand the constrained carrying elements of water and land resources as well as environment and ecology. Spatial differences are analyzed and area types classified at the county level across China. Results reveal that: (1) Almost 90% of China is strongly constrained by both resources and the environment, while nearly 50% of national territory is strongly constrained by two elements, especially in areas of intensive population and industry to the east of the Helan-Longmen Mountain line; (2) Densely populated areas of eastern and central China, as well as on the Tibetan Plateau, are strongly constrained by a shortage of land resources, while North China, the northwest, northeast, the Sichuan basin, and some southern cities are experiencing strong constraints because of water shortages. In contrast, the North China plain, the Yangtze River delta, northern Jiangsu, Sichuan province, Chongqing municipality, Guizhou and Guangxi provinces, the northeast plain, and the northern Loess Plateau are constrained by high levels of environmental stress. Areas of China that are strongly ecologically constrained tend to be concentrated to the southwest of the Tianshan-Dabie Mountain line, as well as in the northeast on the Loess Plateau, in the Alashan of Inner Mongolia, in northeast China, and in the northern Jiangsu coastal area; (3) Constraints on national resources and environmental carrying capacity are diverse and cross-cut China, meanwhile, multi-element spatial distribution does reveal a degree of relative centralization. With the exception of the Tibetan Plateau which is resources-ecological constraint , other areas subject to cross constraints are mainly concentrated to the east of the Helan-Longmen Mountain line.  相似文献   

Analysis of the Water Environmental Capacity of Zhongba-Nyingchi Section of the Yarlung Tsangpo River     

ZHAO Xiang  LIU Zhaofei  WANG Rui  YAO Zhijun 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2018,9(6):690-699

The Yarlung Tsangpo River, the longest river in Tibet, houses most of the population and economy in Tibet Autonomous province. Under the rapid development of economy and society in Tibet, the pollution in the Yarlung Tsangpo River basin has rapidly increased. Evaluating water quality and water environmental capacity is needed for water resource management in Tibet. This study used a single factor evaluation method to evaluate water quality of the Zhongba-Nyingchi section of the Yarlung Tsangpo River based on measured data of COD_Cr, NH3-N and TP in the study area. Based on these data, determinations of ideal water environmental capacity, emissions of pollutants and remaining water environmental capacity of the study area were made by a one-dimensional steady water quality model under either section-head control or cross-section control. The data indicate that most of the monitoring sections in the study area experienced good water quality. The three pollutants all had large remaining water environmental capacity generally, but TP exceeded state levels in the two upstream functional areas, and levels above state standards of COD_Cr and TP were found in several calculation cells of the two downstream functional areas. Therefore, emissions of pollutants need to be reduced to protect the water environment quality of the Yarlung Tsangpo River.  相似文献   

Earth Summit Mission 2022: Scientific Expedition and Research on Mt. Qomolangma Helps Reveal the Synergy between Westerly Winds and Monsoon and the Resulting Climatic and Environmental Effects     

Yaoming MA  Weiqiang MA  Huaguang DAI  Lei ZHANG  Fanglin SUN  Jinqiang ZHANG  Nan YAO  Jianan HE  Zhixuan BAI  Yuejian XUAN  Yunshuai ZHANG  Yuan YUAN  Chenyi YANG  Weijun SUN  Ping ZHAO  Minghu DING  Kongju ZHU  Jie HU  Bian Bazhuga  Bai Juepingcuo  Zhuo Ma  Ren Qingnima  Suo Langwangdui  Yang Zong  Haikun WEN 《大气科学进展》2023,40(2):187-193

“Earth summit mission 2022” is one of the landmark scientific research activities of the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP). This scientific expedition firstly used advanced technology and methods to detect vertical meteorological elements and produce forecasts for mountain climbing. The “Earth summit mission 2022”Qomolangma scientific expedition exceeded an altitude of over 8000 meters for the first time and carried out a comprehensive scientific investigation missi...  相似文献   

考虑围岩破坏条件时优化小净距隧道最小净距的研究          下载免费PDF全文

门妮  代树林  佴磊 《探矿工程》2008,35(8):73-76

小净距隧道由于不受地形条件以及总体线路线型的限制,较连拱隧道有施工工艺简单、造价较低等优点,越来越受到青睐。用有限单元法对小净距隧道不同中柱厚度进行数值模拟,通过格里菲斯破坏判据以及德鲁克-普拉格判据,拟合出最大拉应力及各判据屈服函数与净距的拟合曲线,在保证其稳定的基础上,对小净距隧道最合理净距做出分析。  相似文献   

砂岩全应力-应变曲线二分段特征的Lyapunov定性分析     

刘传孝  刘福胜  蒋金泉  戴景军 《岩土力学》2008,29(7):1884-1888

提出砂岩全应力.应变曲线的二分法原则,应用混沌动力学Lyapunov评价准则定性研究得到了曲线新的分段特征:试验曲线的所有峰前段均处于混沌状态,证明岩石节理裂隙这一复杂系统的非线性状态演化是客观存在、线性是近似的;节理裂隙系统有85%演化到峰后段时呈有序定常态,表明节理裂隙贯通后的岩石已呈现宏观破坏,线性特征明显:围压作用将延长节理裂隙的贯通过程,使之在峰后呈抵抗性破坏特征;峰后应变长度占总应变长度的2/3及以上时,该阶段节理裂隙系统的状态将主导其演化全过程的状态特征.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地西秋里塔格构造带走滑双重构造与“三明治”构造地质建模   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨明慧  金之钧  吕修祥  孙冬胜  彭更新  雷刚林 《地质论评》2008,54(2):155-161

据地球物理、地质以及遥感图像解释,西秋里塔格构造带地面发育走滑双重构造,其形成受前古近系基底走滑构造影响。由于基底构造与地面构造之间发育巨厚的古近系蒸发盐,使得这种联系具有间接性。走滑双重构造是在喜马拉雅期南天山—塔里木前陆近南北向挤压和基底左行走滑的复合作用下形成的,具有松弛弯曲背景下的扭张性质。西秋里塔格构造带前古近系基底以花状构造变形为主;盐上盖层为倾滑变形的构造三角带,两者与其间的盐构造共同构成研究区的“三明治”构造地质模型。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地深部流体对碳酸盐岩储层影响   总被引：26，自引：0，他引：26  

朱东亚  金之钧  胡文瑄  张学丰 《地质论评》2008,54(3):348-354

塔里木盆地地质历史上发生了强烈的岩浆—火山作用,喷出岩和侵入岩在多条野外剖面上可以见到,并被大量的钻井所揭示。伴随岩浆—火山作用会有大量的深部流体活动。盆地内部众多的深大断裂,包括隐伏基底断裂和盖层基底断裂,以及与之相连的小的断裂和裂缝构成了深部流体活动的必要通道。在深部流体作用下,下古生界碳酸盐岩产生了显著的溶蚀作用,溶蚀形成密集的针状孔隙或几毫米大小的小型溶孔,这些溶蚀孔隙对碳酸盐岩储层储集空间改善有着积极的意义。除溶蚀作用外,深部流体还在碳酸盐岩的裂缝或孔隙中沉淀形成多种典型的矿物,如方解石、石英、白云石、萤石、闪锌矿、黄铁矿等;这些矿物通常以几种类型矿物组成的矿物组合出现,如在塔北的沙15井可以见到石英、白云石和萤石组合产出,在塔中的塔中45井可以见到方解石、萤石、石英组合产出,在塔中12井可以见到闪锌矿、黄铁矿和绿泥石的组合产出。深部流体作用还使断裂附近的白云岩发生重结晶作用成为浅灰色/白色的中粗晶白云岩,以塔北的沙15井和巴楚三岔口剖面的重结晶白云岩最为典型。重结晶后的白云岩产生大量的晶间孔隙;并且重结晶过程中深部流体还对白云岩产生溶蚀形成大量的溶蚀孔隙,对白云岩储层改善起着重要的作用。  相似文献   

泾阳南塬黄土滑坡特征参数统计分析   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6  

许领  戴福初 《水文地质工程地质》2008,35(5):28-32

1976年泾阳南塬大面积提水灌溉以来,沿泾河右岸诱发了27处、50余起黄土层内滑坡,使得台塬面积不断缩小、水土流失加剧。本文在对南塬黄土滑坡特征参数测量的基础上,对其进行了统计分析,主要包括滑坡后壁陡坎高度、整体坡度、地裂缝发育情况以及滑距坡度等。分析表明:①滑坡后壁陡坎高度与马兰黄土厚度一致,受黄土垂直节理控制;后壁总体坡度较大,是黄土滑坡演化的重要因素;②裂缝发育规模总体偏小,但活动特征明显;③滑距坡度可作为研究区远程、短程滑坡划分的一种依据。同时,对滑距坡度在黄土滑坡滑距预测及危险性区划中的应用前景进行了探讨。  相似文献   

Effect of Mineral Dusts on the Growth of Silicate Bacteria S35     

DAI Qunwei  DONG Faqin  DENG Jianjun 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(5):1045-1049

In order to compare the chemical compositions and physical properities of dusts on silicate bacteria S35, the chemical compositions of six kinds of mineral dusts have been analyzed and the changes of pH value, glucose （GLU）, electrolyte and Mn, Si, Fe before and after the dusts reacted with silicate bacteria S35 have been measured. The SEM analysis has been used to study the bacterial form and interface action status in the course of reaction between dusts and bacteria. The results show that these mineral dusts have different effects on experiment bacteria. Therefore, it is concluded that the effect of mineral dusts on silicate bacteria has correlation with the chemical compositions and physical properities of dusts.  相似文献   

松辽盆地东岭区块油气运聚特征及成藏主控因素研究          下载免费PDF全文

息朝庄  戴塔根 《地质找矿论丛》2008,23(3)

为了使东岭区块油气勘探早日获得突破,本次研究以成盆、成烃和成藏理论为指导,采用有效烃源岩评价、沉积微相分析以及流体包裹体分析等技术和方法,综合研究分析了松辽盆地东岭区块油气成藏条件,提出了有利勘探区带和目标.  相似文献