Relationships Between Meteorological and Water Quality Variables and Fisheries-Independent White Shrimp (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Litopenaeus setiferus</Emphasis>) Catch in the ACE Basin NERR,South Carolina     

Amy E. Fowler  John W. Leffler  Sharleen P. Johnson  Lawrence B. DeLancey  Denise M. Sanger 《Estuaries and Coasts》2018,41(1):79-88

White shrimp (Litopenaeus setiferus) fisheries-independent and fisheries-dependent landings can be highly variable and may be related to environmental factors that influence growth, mortality, and survival. We used linear regression analysis to look for potential relationships between environmental and white shrimp catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) data collected from the Ashepoo-Combahee-Edisto (ACE) Basin National Estuarine Research Reserve (NERR) for four critical months in the shrimp life cycle. This analysis used data from white shrimp fisheries-independent CPUE (2002 to 2014) and water quality and meteorological variables for August (juvenile), December (sub-adult), March (adult), and April (spawning adult). The results showed that shrimp CPUE was mainly correlated with water temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen concentration collected through the ACE Basin NERR’s System-Wide Monitoring Program (SWMP), but offshore wind, precipitation, and intra-annual CPUEs also partially explained the variability in monthly CPUEs. Black gill prevalence was correlated with water temperature and salinity. Additionally, our analysis found that winter water temperatures of ≤11 °C were correlated with reduced shrimp abundance the following spring. Ultimately, managers would like to successfully predict white shrimp stock abundance throughout fishing seasons based on environmental conditions. This study is a first step in identifying the environmental variables that may be useful in predicting white shrimp CPUE in the South Atlantic Bight. The techniques employed here can serve as a basis for predicting and managing other wild annual fisheries stocks.  相似文献   

The Morcles microgranite (Aiguilles Rouges,Swiss Alps): geochronological and geochemical evidences for a common origin with the Vallorcine intrusion   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Denise Bussien Grosjean  Nicolas Meisser  Sylvie May-Leresche  Alexey Ulianov  Pierre Vonlanthen 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2018,111(1-2):35-49

The Morcles microgranite is located in the N–E termination of the Aiguilles Rouges massif (External Crystalline Massifs, Switzerland). It outcrops as dykes, a few meters to 150 m in thickness, intruding the Aiguilles Rouges polymetamorphic basement, and presents variation of texture from granophyric to rhyolitic. We present here for the first time, in situ U–Pb zircon dating of the Morcles microgranite/rhyolite based on laser-ablation—inductively coupled plasma—mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) data. Results indicate late Variscan emplacement ages at ~303 and ~309–312 Ma, a major Caledonian inherited component age at ~445–460 Ma, and secondary inherited ages ranging from Pan-African (550–1000 Ma) to Paleoproterozoic (2.3 Ga). Geochronological and geochemical data indicate that the Morcles microgranite/rhyolite shares a common origin with the higher (or “H”) facies of the neighbouring Vallorcine granitic intrusion. This close affinity is further corroborated by the geographical alignment of both intrusive bodies on either side of the Rhone Valley. The fine-grained texture of the microgranite groundmass and the rhyolite indicates a very rapid cooling rate and emplacement close to the surface, suggesting that the Morcles microgranite/rhyolite may constitute the shallow-level counterpart of the Vallorcine granite. The mineralogical assemblages observed in the Morcles microgranite/rhyolite support the idea of high-temperature melting conditions provided by underplating of mantle-derived magmas during the Carboniferous extension of the Variscan cordillera.  相似文献   

Using cytochrome P450 to monitor the aquatic environment: Initial results from regional and national surveys     

Tracy K. Collier  S.Denise Connor  Bich-Thuy L. Eberhart  Bernadita F. Anulacion  Anders Goksoyr  Usha Varanasi 《Marine environmental research》1992,34(1-4)

We are currently analyzing hepatic cytochrome P4501A and associated monooxygenase activities in fish sampled in several regional and national monitoring programs, including the National Benthic Surveillance Project of NOAA's Status and Trends Program, damage assessment studies of the Exxon Valdez oil spill, and intensive surveys of specific embayments, such as Puget Sound, Washington. Thus far, apparent contaminant-related increases in the activities of cytochrome P4501A-dependent monooxygenases have been readily measured in most test species. The results presented in this paper show that, for II species of fish, there is excellent concordance between hepatic activities of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD); moreover, levels of cytochrome P4501A determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are also generally concordant with results from catalytic assays. The use of both a catalytic assay and immunoquantitation is recommended, because of the additional quality assurance provided by concurrent use of an immunoquantitation technique, which is desirable in large monitoring programs.  相似文献   

Paleolimnological records reveal biotic homogenization driven by eutrophication in tropical reservoirs     

Simone Wengrat  Andre A. Padial  Erik Jeppesen  Thomas A. Davidson  Luciane Fontana  Sandra Costa-Böddeker  Denise C. Bicudo 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2018,60(2):299-309

Biodiversity changes in response to eutrophication, climate variability and species invasions. These pressures have been shown to reduce community heterogeneity at various scales; however, how productivity drives homogenization patterns in a community of primary producers, such as diatoms, has not been studied. Using a dataset with good temporal resolution, obtained from cores collected from seven tropical reservoirs, we evaluated patterns of spatial and temporal homogenization, i.e. the trends in temporal α-diversity and spatial β-diversity (change in community composition), of diatom assemblages over the past 60–100 years. The paleolimnological records allowed us to study biodiversity trends since the initial community (reservoir construction) in those systems with low anthropogenic impact and also those undergoing eutrophication. No clear trend of spatial β-diversity change over time was found when all reservoirs were analyzed together. However, when only eutrophic reservoirs were considered, a marked decrease in the spatial β-diversity occurred, suggesting that eutrophication leads to homogenization of the diatom assemblage. These findings were reinforced by the lack of change in β-diversity when the age of the reservoirs was standardized, indicating that the reservoirs’ ontogeny did not influence the spatial β-diversity trend and β-diversity did not increase even in the reservoirs with low anthropogenic impact. In addition, the results showed a decrease of α-diversity over time for almost all the eutrophic reservoirs, as well as a decrease in the total species pool for the reservoirs, although periphytic diatoms may be favored by the appearance and sometimes mass development of floating macrophytes in warm, shallow eutrophic reservoirs. This study supports the role of eutrophication as one of the main drivers of diatom assemblage homogenization in tropical reservoirs, with a significant loss of species over time.  相似文献   

Comparison of C and N stable isotope ratios between surface particulate organic matter and microphytoplankton in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean)     

Mireille Harmelin-Vivien  Véronique Loizeau  Capucine Mellon  Beatriz Beker  Denise Arlhac  Xavier Bodiguel  Franck Ferraton  Rachel Hermand  Xavier Philippon  Chantal Salen-Picard 《Continental Shelf Research》2008

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of particulate organic matter (POM) in surface water and 63–200 μm-sized microphytoplankton collected at the fluorescence maximum were studied in four sites in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean), a marine area influenced by the Rhone River inputs, in May and November 2004. Some environmental (temperature, salinity) and biological (POM, Chlorophyll a and phaeopigments contents, phytoplankton biomass and composition) parameters were also analysed. Significantly different C and N isotopic signatures between surface water POM and microphytoplankton were recorded in all sites and seasons. Surface water POM presented systematically lower δ¹³C (∼4.2‰) and higher δ¹⁵N (∼2.8‰) values than those of microphytoplankton, due to a higher content of continental and detrital material. Seasonal variations were observed for all environmental and biological parameters, except salinity. Water temperature was lower in May than in November, the fluorescence maximum was located deeper and the Chlorophyll a content and the phytoplankton biomass were higher, along with low PON/Chl a ratio, corresponding to spring bloom conditions. At all sites and seasons, diatoms dominated the phytoplankton community in abundance, whereas dinoflagellate importance increased in autumn particularly in coastal sites. C and N isotopic signatures of phytoplankton did not vary with season. However, the δ¹⁵N of surface water POM was significantly higher in November than in May in all sites likely in relation to an increase in ¹⁵N/¹⁴N ratio of the Rhone River POM which influenced surface water in the Gulf of Lions. As it is important to determine true baseline values of primary producers for analysing marine food webs, this study demonstrated that C and N isotopic values of surface water POM cannot be used as phytoplankton proxy in coastal areas submitted to high river inputs.  相似文献   

Young asteroid mixing revealed in ordinary chondrites: The case of NWA 5764, a polymict LL breccia with L clasts          下载免费PDF全文

Jérome Gattacceca  Agata M. Krzesińska  Yves Marrocchi  Matthias M. M. Meier  Michèle Bourot‐Denise  Rob Lenssen 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2017,52(11):2289-2304

Polymict chondritic breccias—rocks composed of fragments originating from different chondritic parent bodies—are of particular interest because they give insights into the mixing of asteroids in the main asteroid belt (occurrence, encounter velocity, transfer time). We describe Northwest Africa (NWA) 5764, a brecciated LL6 chondrite that contains a >16 cm³ L4 clast. The L clast was incorporated in the breccia through a nondestructive, low‐velocity impact. Identical cosmic‐ray exposure ages of the L clast and the LL host (36.6 ± 5.8 Myr), suggest a short transfer time of the L meteoroid to the LL parent body of 0.1 ± 8.1 Myr, if that meteoroid was no larger than a few meters. NWA 5764 (together with St. Mesmin, Dimmitt, and Glanerbrug) shows that effective mixing is possible between ordinary chondrite parent bodies. In NWA 5764 this mixing occurred after the peak of thermal metamorphism on the LL parent body, i.e., at least several tens of Myr after the formation of the solar system. The U,Th‐He ages of the L clast and LL host, identical at about 2.9 Ga, might date the final assembly of the breccia, indicating relatively young mixing in the main asteroid belt as previously evidenced in St. Mesmin.  相似文献   

广东徐闻县西部沿岸海域的珊瑚虫纲物种   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

赵焕庭  王丽荣  宋朝景  方静威  Denise McCorry  黄志俊 《台湾海峡》2009,28(3):405-409

广东省徐闻县西部沿岸海域分布着珊瑚礁,现生珊瑚虫纲物种较丰富,本文将2004年调查研究的结果,结合文献记录的资料,综合整理,统计有石珊瑚目12科29属56种和5未定种,其它珊瑚虫纲物种有6目15科31种和12未定种．如进一步深入调查研究,还会有本区新的记录．本区石珊瑚目比处于更低纬度的海南岛种属少,但比处于更高纬度的涠洲岛种属多,符合喜热的物种依自然带分布的规律．  相似文献   

A study of fecal coliform sources at a coastal site using colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) as a water source tracer   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Clark CD  O'Connor AP  Foley DM  de Bruyn WJ 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(9):1507-1513

Optical properties of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) were measured as a tracer of polluted waters in a Southern California surf-zone with consistently high levels of fecal indicator bacteria. Salinity, temperature, fecal coliform, absorbance (200-700nm) and fluorescence (lambda(excitation)=350nm; lambda(emission)=360-650nm) were measured in the creek and surf-zone during a dry and rain event. Fluorescence to absorption ratios for CDOM were used to distinguish water masses, with two distinct CDOM end-members identified as creek (flu/abs=8.7+/-0.8x10(4)) and coastal (flu/abs=2.2+/-0.3x10(4)). Waters containing the same CDOM end-member had highly variable bacterial levels during the dry event, suggesting intermittent sources of bacteria added to a uniform water source, consistent with marine birds. During the rain event, increased levels of the creek end-member and bacteria indicated a second bacteria source from runoff.  相似文献   

Levels and spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in superficial sediment from 15 Italian marine protected areas (MPA)   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Perra G  Pozo K  Guerranti C  Lazzeri D  Volpi V  Corsolini S  Focardi S 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(4):874-877

Surface sediment from 15 Italian marine protected areas (MPA) were analysed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The organic carbon percentage was also determined. Total PAH concentrations (ng g⁻¹ d.w.) ranged from 0.71 (Penisola del Sinis) to 1550 (Miramare). Individual PAH analysis showed that three and four rings PAHs were the most frequently detected isomers and accounted for 60-70% of the PAH total concentrations. PAH ratio analysis showed a prevalence of pyrolytic PAH origin at most of the MPAs with exception of Porto Cesareo and Ustica where a petrogenic origin was detected. Results for organic carbon percentages ranged from 0.3% (Capo Rizzuto) to 2% (Punta Campanella). These results are comparable to other Mediterranean marine environments. However, our results shows that some MPAs, such as Miramare, Porto Cesareo, Isola Capo Rizzuto and Punta Campanella, are subject to strong pressure from urban and industrial activities where high PAH levels were detected.  相似文献   

Lapse Rate Adjustments of Gridded Surface Temperature Normals in an Area of Complex Terrain: Atmospheric Reanalysis versus Statistical Up-Sampling     

Alex J. Cannon  Denise Neilsen  Bill Taylor 《大气与海洋》2013,51(1):9-16

The applicability of elevation-regression based interpolation methods for long-term temperature normals, for example the Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM), becomes increasingly limited in data sparse, complex terrain such as that found in mountainous British Columbia (BC), Canada. Recent methods to improve both the resolution and accuracy of interpolation models have focused on the development of “up-sampling” algorithms based on local lapse rate adjustments to the original interpolated surfaces. Lapse rates can be derived from statistical models (e.g., elevation-based polynomial regression equations) or dynamical models (e.g., vertical temperature profiles from numerical weather prediction (NWP) models). This study compares a widely used statistical up-sampling algorithm, ClimateBC, with two NWP reanalysis products, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Reanalysis 1 (NCEP1) and the more modern European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis Interim (ERA-Interim). Thirty-year climate normals for maximum and minimum temperatures were calculated using statistical up-sampling and NWP lapse rate adjustments to existing PRISM-based climate normals at a subset of stations in BC. Specifically, up-sampling model evaluation was performed using 1951–80 climate normals from an independent set of 54 surface stations (1 m to 2347 m) which were not included in the PRISM interpolation or assimilated into the NWP reanalysis products. All models performed similarly for minimum temperature, which showed only a slight improvement over PRISM. For maximum temperature, ClimateBC, NCEP1 and ERA-Interim all performed significantly better than PRISM, in particular during spring and summer. The ERA-Interim reanalysis outperformed NCEP1 in almost all months. The results suggest that lapse rate adjustment algorithms based on reanalysis products will have greater potential as progress continues on developing NWP components.

R ésumé ?[Traduit par la rédaction] L'application des techniques d'interpolation par régression en fonction de l'altitude pour les normales de température à long terme, comme le Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM), devient très difficile dans les régions accidentées pour lesquelles on dispose de données insuffisantes, par exemple les secteurs montagneux de la Colombie-Britannique (C.-B.) au Canada. Les toutes dernières méthodes destinées à augmenter le degré de résolution des modèles d'interpolation et leur précision reposent sur la conception d'algorithmes d’échantillonnage vertical fondés sur l'ajustement des surfaces interpolées originales au moyen du gradient vertical local. Nous pouvons établir les gradients verticaux à partir de modèles statistiques (p. ex., des équations de régression polynomiales en fonction de l'altitude) ou de modèles dynamiques (p. ex., des profils verticaux de température à partir de modèles de prévision numérique du temps (PNT)). Dans la présente étude, nous comparons un algorithme d’échantillonnage vertical statistique communément utilisé, le programme ClimateBC, à deux produits de réanalyse de PNT, celle des National Centres for Environmental Prediction/National Corporation for Atmospheric Research Reanalysis 1 (NCEP1), et la réanalyse provisoire (ERA-Interim) du Centre européen pour les prévisions météorologiques à moyen terme (ECMWF). Les normales climatiques de trente ans pour les températures maximums et minimums ont été calculées en appliquant la méthode d’échantillonnage vertical statistique et l'ajustement du gradient obtenu par PNT aux normales climatiques établies à partir du PRISM pour un sous-ensemble de stations en Colombie-Britannique. Plus particulièrement, nous avons procédé à l’évaluation du modèle d’échantillonnage vertical en nous servant des normales climatiques (1951–1980), pour un ensemble de 54 stations d'observation en surface indépendantes (1?m à 2347?m), exclues du modèle d'interpolation PRISM et des produits de réanalyse de PNT. Pour tous les modèles, nous avons obtenu des résultats comparables pour la température minimum, soit une légère amélioration seulement par rapport au PRISM. Pour la température maximum, nous avons obtenu avec ClimateBC, NCEP1 et ERA-Interim, des résultats nettement plus probants qu'avec PRISM, notamment au printemps et en été. Les réanalyses ERA-Interim ont donné de meilleurs résultats que NCEP1 pour pratiquement tous les mois. D'après ces résultats, le potentiel des algorithmes d'ajustements des gradients verticaux de température, établis à partir de produits de réanalyse se renforcera à mesure que les composantes de PNT se développeront.  相似文献