Long-term statistics of extreme tsunami height at Crescent City     

Sheng Dong  Jinjin Zhai  Shanshan Tao 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2017,16(3):437-446

Historically, Crescent City is one of the most vulnerable communities impacted by tsunamis along the west coast of the United States, largely attributed to its offshore geography. Trans-ocean tsunamis usually produce large wave runup at Crescent Harbor resulting in catastrophic damages, property loss and human death. How to determine the return values of tsunami height using relatively short-term observation data is of great significance to assess the tsunami hazards and improve engineering design along the coast of Crescent City. In the present study, the extreme tsunami heights observed along the coast of Crescent City from 1938 to 2015 are fitted using six different probabilistic distributions, namely, the Gumbel distribution, the Weibull distribution, the maximum entropy distribution, the lognormal distribution, the generalized extreme value distribution and the generalized Pareto distribution. The maximum likelihood method is applied to estimate the parameters of all above distributions. Both Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and root mean square error method are utilized for goodness-of-fit test and the better fitting distribution is selected. Assuming that the occurrence frequency of tsunami in each year follows the Poisson distribution, the Poisson compound extreme value distribution can be used to fit the annual maximum tsunami amplitude, and then the point and interval estimations of return tsunami heights are calculated for structural design. The results show that the Poisson compound extreme value distribution fits tsunami heights very well and is suitable to determine the return tsunami heights for coastal disaster prevention.  相似文献   

Recurrence of the world’s largest green-tide in 2009 in Yellow Sea, China: Porphyra yezoensis aquaculture rafts confirmed as nursery for macroalgal blooms     

Dongyan Liu  John K. Keesing  Zhijun Dong  Baoping Di  Peter Fearns 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(9):1423-1432

In the summer of 2008, the world’s largest green-tide occurred in the Yellow Sea, China. The hypothesized cause was the expansion of Porphyra yezoensis aquaculture along the Jiangsu coastline and the re-occurrence of a green-tide in 2009 was predicted. In this study, satellite and field images showed the formation of the June 2009 green-tide which again originated from the Jiangsu coast. The responsible species, its source and biomass accumulation were studied to support the previous hypothesis. Morphological and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the homology of Ulva prolifera in the 2008 green-tide with the U. prolifera from P. yezoensis aquaculture rafts. About 91-505 kg/ha of U. prolifera was attached to the P. yezoensis aquaculture rafts and a total biomass of 4956 tonnes was estimated during the harvesting of P. yezoensis. This is sufficient to seed a bloom when they are dislodged from the rafts as a result of harvesting practices.  相似文献   

Petroleum Electromagnetic Prospecting Advances and Case Studies in China   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Zhanxiang He  Wenbao Hu  Weibing Dong 《Surveys in Geophysics》2010,31(2):207-224

Remarkable progress has been made in electromagnetic (EM) techniques as applied to the petroleum industry in instruments, data acquisition, and processing and interpretation in China. Included here is equipment, such as high-power Controlled Source EM (CSEM) acquisition systems, acquisition methods, such as the three dimensional small-bin Continuous Electromagnetic Array acquisition method, Time and Frequency Domain Controlled Source Electromagnetic, Borehole-to-surface Electromagnetic technique and marine magnetotelluric method. Data processing methods, such as fast three dimensional inversion using nonlinear conjugate gradients, and data interpretation methods, like Induced Polarization and Resistivity anomalies for hydrocarbon detection, are also included. These new techniques have been applied in petroleum survey and many cases are in complicated areas. They have successfully served the investigation of deep igneous rock reservoirs, and prediction of potential hydrocarbon targets. The cases indicate that electromagnetic techniques can help seismic survey to effectively detect hydrocarbon reservoir and remarkably improve drilling successes.  相似文献   

浅谈如何让地震科技信息工作搭上安徽省大建设大发展大环境的快车     

董梅 《国际地震动态》2010,(9):41-43

探索了地震科技信息工作与地方社会经济发展的内在联系及其作用。21世纪是现代化进程明显加快、经济迅速腾飞的时代,在江淮大地上掀起了以城市为龙头的、壮大工业经济、强化县域经济发展热潮。大发展、大建设、大环境的工作思路及东向发展战略,为地震科技信息工作提出了冷思考。如何搭上安徽"三大推进"的快车,是地震科技信息工作融入安徽经济发展的新起点。  相似文献   

ZDY1000G型全液压坑道钻机的设计   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

凡东  殷新胜  常江华  王贺剑 《煤田地质与勘探》2011,39(1):78-80

ZDY1000G型全液压坑道钻机是一款主要面向坑道勘探而设计的装备,可用于煤矿瓦斯抽放孔、探放水孔和其他工程钻孔的施工。介绍了该钻机的设计思路、机械系统和液压系统,并对具有复合缓冲张紧装置的双油缸链条倍速给进机构和具有减压钻进功能的双泵液压系统进行了详细描述。   相似文献   

区际资本流动与区域发展差距——对中国银行间信贷资本流动的分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

陈东  樊杰 《地理学报》2011,66(6):723-731

一国经济发展初期,区际资本流动通常是导致区域发展差距形成、扩大的重要原因--资本往往从发展条件较差的地区流向发展条件较好的地区,从而产生“好者更好、差者更差”的马太效应。银行间信贷资本流动是区际资本流动的重要形式。本文通过构建计量方法对中国区域发展差距扩大阶段(1978-2003 年) 银行间信贷资本的区际流动方向进行测度,并分析其成因。计量结果发现,存在区际间信贷资本流动的年份,资本并未从发展条件较差的中西部地区流向发展条件较好的东部地区,而呈现相反的流动。这表明银行间信贷资本的区际流动至少在一定程度上缩小而不是扩大了区域发展差距。进一步分析发现,政府对信贷的管制以及市场环境的变化分别导致了1994年以前以及1994 年以后的银行间信贷资本流动。  相似文献   

用GPS位移场进行中小区域变形分析方法探讨   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

薄万举  胡新康  董运洪  张风霜 《大地测量与地球动力学》2010,30(3)

因局部区域相对全球框架不可避免地存在整体刚性平动分量,常影响对局部范围内地壳相对变形量级与特征的判读.对分离局部整体刚性平动分量的方法进行了探讨,通过实例分析认为,对京津地区28个GPS连续观测站给出的位移速率场,整体平移法和欧拉矢量法都能得到较好的效果,但相比之下,对于类似的中小区域,整体平移法更加简单明了.  相似文献   

规范基层国土资源工作流程的几点想法     

王东 《山东国土资源》2010,26(7):67-68

针对当前国土资源所规范化建设中出现的科室业务衔接过程中的种种问题,就如何明确科所责权、完善机制,全面提升科所业务水平,提出了"一对一"业务指导、通过"收(退)件登记卡"完善管理机制、制定不同行政许可事项工作程序流程图等措施。  相似文献   

黄河口滨岸潮滩不同生境下翅碱蓬氮的累积与分配特征   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

牟晓杰  孙志高  王玲玲  董洪芳 《湿地科学》2010,8(1):57-66

2008年5～11月,采用定位研究方法对黄河口滨岸潮滩不同生境下翅碱蓬(Suaedasalsa)氮的累积与分配特征进行了研究。结果表明,中潮滩翅碱蓬(JP1)和低潮滩翅碱蓬(JP2)不同器官生物量均具有明显季节变化特征,总体表现为JP1高于JP2,二者枯落物量均呈递增变化;JP1、JP2根、茎和枯落物的全氮(TN)含量在生长季均呈递减变化,符合指数衰减模型,而叶的总氮(TN)含量波动变化明显;二者不同器官及枯落物的氮累积量和累积速率(VN)季节变化明显,JP1地上部分的氮累积量和VN一般明显高于JP2,且二者地上部分氮累积量和VN均明显高于地下;JP1、JP2不同部分的氮分配比差异明显,其中叶的分配比最高,分别为(46.91±16.97)%和(55.21±9.79)%,说明叶是翅碱蓬重要的氮累积器官;二者氮的年吸收量和最大现存量分别为5.29g/m2、2.63g/m2和13.76g/m2、3.19g/m2;二者氮的吸收系数(0.0145和0.0065)均较低,而利用系数表现为JP2(0.8243)>JP1(0.3844),JP1在氮的吸收方面要强于JP2,而在利用方面却低于JP2。JP1和JP2生物量、TN含...  相似文献   

Experimental study on the sampling efficiency of the whirl type separation sand sampler in a wind tunnel     

ManQuan Zhao  LiHong Fu  WenMing Wang  Zhi Chen  JinLian Wang  Mei Dong 《寒旱区科学》2010,2(1):0007-0014

A performance test was conducted in a wind tunnel by changing the principal configuration parameters of a sampler such as the diameter of the container, inlet width and cone height. The results show that the average sand collection rate is from 80% to 90% when any one of the configuration parameter levels is changed. However, the variation of a parameter level results in different ef-fects on the sand collection rate for each soil sample within a certain size range of sand grains. The results show that for various sand grain sized soil sample at each wind speed, the sand collection rate decreases when the diameter of the container changes from 50 mm to 40 mm, the sand collection rate increases by about 2%-3% when the inlet width changes from 10 mm to 8 mm, and the sand collection rate increases by about 3%-4% when cone height is altered from 100 mm to 125 mm. The average sand collection rate is enhanced by 2%-4% for the soil sample of different sized sand grains when the diameter of the container is 50 mm, the inlet width is 8 mm, and cone height is 125 mm.  相似文献