Erratum to: Role of Stranded Gas from Central Asia and Russia in Meeting Europe’s Future Import Demand for Gas     

Emil D. Attanasi  Philip A. Freeman 《Natural Resources Research》2012,21(3):411-411

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First- and higher-order dynamical controls on water exchanges between tidal basins and the open ocean. A case study for the East Frisian Wadden Sea     

Emil V.?Stanev Email author  G?tz?Fl?ser  J?rg-Olaf?Wolff 《Ocean Dynamics》2003,53(3):146-165

Observational data, high-resolution numerical modelling results and a simple analytical theory are combined in this paper to demonstrate the dependence of the volume transports through tidal inlets on topographical or morphological parameters of a Wadden Sea system. The area of interest covers the East Frisian Wadden Sea and consists of seven weakly connected tidal basins. The observations include time series of tidal gauge data and surface currents measured at a pile station in the backbarrier basin of the island Langeoog, as well as several ADCP transects in the Accumer Ee tidal inlet. The numerical simulations are based on the 3-D primitive equation General Estuarine Transport Model (GETM) with a horizontal resolution of 200 m and terrain following vertical coordinates. The model is forced at its open boundaries with sea-level data from an operational model for the German Bight (German Hydrographic Office). The simple theoretical concepts presented illustrate the effect of topography (hypsometry) in the tidal basins on the temporal variability of the exchange of water. This topographic control is effectuated through the bottom slope in the areas prone to drying and flooding. For our study area it takes about twice as long from slack water to maximum flood current than from slack water to maximum ebb current. The underlying physics of this signal modulation from a more or less harmonic forcing at the open-sea boundary and the quantification of the contributing physical processes are the major results of this paper. Estimates based simply on volume conservation are consistent with observations and results from numerical modelling, but they do not completely capture the actual non-linear tidal response. Our analysis shows that at least during part of the tidal cycle characteristic topographic parameters of the inlet/bay system have a major impact on the rate of exchange of waters between the Wadden Sea and the open ocean. This impact is especially strong during the transition between flood and ebb conditions. The possible morphodynamic responses are also addressed focusing on some common (universal) topographic features in seven tidal basins.Responsible Editor: Hans Burchard  相似文献   

Barium isotopes in individual presolar silicon carbide grains from the Murchison meteorite     

Michael R. Savina  Andrew M. Davis  C.Emil Tripa  Michael J. Pellin  Roy S. Lewis  Roberto Gallino 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2003,67(17):3201-3214

Barium isotopic compositions of single 2.3-5.3 μm presolar SiC grains from the Murchison meteorite were measured by resonant ionization mass spectrometry. Mainstream SiC grains are enriched in s-process barium and show a spread in isotopic composition from solar to dominantly s-process. In the relatively coarse grain size fraction analyzed, there are large grain-to-grain variations of barium isotopic composition. Comparison of single grain data with models of nucleosynthesis in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars indicates that the grains most likely come from low mass carbon-rich AGB stars (1.5 to 3 solar masses) of about solar metallicity and with approximately solar initial proportions of r- and s-process isotopes. Measurements of single grains imply a wide variety of neutron-to-seed ratios, in agreement with previous measurements of strontium, zirconium and molybdenum isotopic compositions of single presolar SiC grains.  相似文献   

Big geospatial data analysis for Canada’s Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory (APEI): using google earth engine to estimate particulate matter from exposed mine disturbance areas     

Meyra Fuentes  Emil Laurin 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2020,57(2):245-257

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Development at Danish geomagnetic observatories in recent years     

Emil Kring Lauridsen 《Ocean Dynamics》1988,41(3-6):131-144

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The protolith nature of diamondiferous metamorphic rocks of the Kokchetav Massif     

Vladislav Shatsky  Emil Jagoutz  Olga Kozmenko  Alexey Ragozin  Sergei Skuzovatov  Nikolai Sobolev 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(Z1):173-173

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Hydrostatic compression of galenobismutite (PbBi<Subscript>2</Subscript>S<Subscript>4</Subscript>): elastic properties and high-pressure crystal chemistry     

Lars A. Olsen  Tonci Balic-Zunic  Emil Makovicky  Angela Ullrich  Ronald Miletich 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2007,34(7):467-475

A single-crystal sample of galenobismutite was subjected to hydrostatic pressures in the range of 0.0001 and 9 GPa at room temperature using the diamond-anvil cell technique. A series of X-ray diffraction intensities were collected at ten distinct pressures using a CCD equipped 4-circle diffractometer. The crystal structure was refined to R1(|F₀| > 4σ) values of approximately 0.05 at all pressures. By fitting a third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state to the unit-cell volumes V ₀ = 700.6(2) ų, K ₀ = 43.9(7) GPa and dK/dP = 6.9(3) could be determined for the lattice compression. Both types of cations in galenobismutite have stereochemically active lone electron pairs, which distort the cation polyhedra at room pressure. The cation eccentricities decrease at higher pressure but are still pronounced at 9 GPa. Galenobismutite is isotypic with CaFe₂O₄ (CF) but moves away from the idealised CF-type structure during compression. Instead of the two octahedral cation sites and one bi-capped trigonal-prismatic site, PbBi₂S₄ attains a new high-pressure structure characterised by one octahedral site and two mono-capped trigonal-prismatic sites. Analyses of the crystal structure at high pressure confirm the preference of Bi for the octahedral site and the smaller one of the two trigonal-prismatic sites.  相似文献   

Interactions between wind and tidally induced currents in coastal and shelf basins     

Benjamin Jacob  Emil Vassilev Stanev 《Ocean Dynamics》2017,67(10):1263-1281

This paper addresses the impact of atmospheric variability on ocean circulation in tidal and non-tidal basins. The data are generated by an unstructured-grid numerical model resolving the dynamics in the coastal area, as well as in the straits connecting the North Sea and Baltic Sea. The model response to atmospheric forcing in different frequency intervals is quantified. The results demonstrate that the effects of the two mechanical drivers, tides and wind, are not additive, yet non-linear interactions play an important role. There is a tendency for tidally and wind-driven circulations to be coupled, in particular in the coastal areas and straits. High-frequency atmospheric variability tends to amplify the mean circulation and modify the exchange between the North and the Baltic Sea. The ocean response to different frequency ranges in the wind forcing is area-selective depending on specific local dynamics. The work done by wind on the oceanic circulation depends strongly upon whether the regional circulation is tidally or predominantly wind-driven. It has been demonstrated that the atmospheric variability affects the spring-neap variability very strongly.  相似文献   

Evidence of sea level drawdown at the end of the Messinian salinity crisis and seismic investigation of the Nahr Menashe unit in the northern Levant Basin,offshore Lebanon     

Kyrre Heldal Kartveit  Heidrun Breiset Ulsund  Stle Emil Johansen 《Basin Research》2019,31(5):827-840

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Significance of Unsaturated Flow and Seepage Faces in the Simulation of Steady-State Subsurface Flow   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Connie G. Romanoa  Emil O. Frind  David L. Rudolph 《Ground water》1999,37(4):625-632

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