Qualitative analysis and mapping of heavy metals in an abandoned Au–Ag mine area using NIR spectroscopy     

Eunyoung Choe  Kyoung-Woong Kim  Sunbaek Bang  In-Ho Yoon  Keun-Young Lee 《Environmental Geology》2009,58(3):477-482

Reflectance spectroscopy covering the visible and near-infrared ranges (400–2,400 nm) is known as a rapid and nondestructive method in the characterization and quantitative analysis of many components of interest. In this study, the potential use of spectral absorption feature parameters (SAFPs) in the range of 400–2,400 nm was investigated in terms of the prediction of heavy metals and mapping of their distribution. Parameters such as absorption depth, area, and peak ratio were derived from variations in spectral absorption shape associated with concentrations of heavy metals. Heavy metals were quantified from SAFPs using stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) and enter multiple linear regression (EMLR). The EMLR model showed qualitative prediction performance for As and Cu, with R ² values of 0.60 and 0.81, respectively. A contour map of As and Cu concentrations based on EMLR-derived values showed similar spatial patterns to a map based on measured values.  相似文献   

Environmental variability and chum salmon production at the northwestern Pacific Ocean     

Suam Kim  Sukyung Kang  Ju Kyoung Kim  Minkyoung Bang 《Ocean Science Journal》2017,52(4):549-562

Chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta, are distributed widely in the North Pacific Ocean, and about 76% of chum salmon were caught from Russian, Japanese, and Korean waters of the northwestern Pacific Ocean during the last 20 years. Although it has been speculated that the recent increase in salmon production was aided by not only the enhancement program that targeted chum salmon but also by favorable ocean conditions since the early 1990s, the ecological processes for determining the yield of salmon have not been clearly delineated. To investigate the relationship between yield and the controlling factors for ocean survival of chum salmon, a time-series of climate indices, seawater temperature, and prey availability in the northwestern Pacific including Korean waters were analyzed using some statistical tools. The results of cross-correlation function (CCF) analysis and cumulative sum (CuSum) of anomalies indicated that there were significant environmental changes in the North Pacific during the last century, and each regional stock of chum salmon responded to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) differently: for Russian stock, the correlations between PDO index and catch were significantly negative with a time-lag of 0 and 1 years; for Japanese stock, significantly positive with a timelag of 0–2 years; and for Korean stock, positive but no significant correlation. The results of statistical analyses with Korean chum salmon also revealed that a coastal seawater temperature over 14°C and the return rate of spawning adults to the natal river produced a significant negative correlation.  相似文献   

赣中变质岩带变泥砂质岩石地球化学特征及其地质意义   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

胡恭任  刘丛强  章邦桐  唐红峰 《地球化学》2004,33(2):118-130

赣中变质岩带主要由变泥砂质岩石和少量斜长角闪岩组成.30个变泥砂质岩石样品分析表明,稀土元素分布模式显示明显富集轻稀土元素及Eu负异常[∑REE=129～296μg/g,δEu=0.51～0.86,(La/Yb)N=3.95～12.9],其不相容元素比值高(Th/Sc=0.57～3.59、La/Sc=1.46～12.4、La/Yb=5.84～19.0、La/Sm=4.69～6.87、Th/U=3.40～6.42),大离子亲石元素富集,Zr、Hf、Sc、Ti、Y、HREE和Sr含量较低,其原岩应为一套砂泥质岩石,沉积于远离陆地的克拉通大陆架浅海环境;δBa=0.10～0.93,Nd同位素亏损地幔模式年龄tDM=1597～2525Ma,εNd(0)=-9.9～-15.8,其源区物质主体由古元古代富铝富钾的花岗质岩石和(或)碎屑沉积岩构成,经历了较强的化学风化作用.  相似文献   

Input and system identification of the Hualien soil–structure interaction system using earthquake response data     

Jun‐Seong Choi  Jong Seh Lee  Chung‐Bang Yun 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(13):1955-1975

This paper presents an input and system identification technique for a soil–structure interaction system using earthquake response data. Identification is carried out on the Hualien large‐scale seismic test structure, which was built in Taiwan for international joint research. The identified quantities are the input ground acceleration as well as the shear wave velocities of the near‐field soil regions and Young's moduli of the shell sections of the structure. The earthquake response analysis on the soil–structure interaction system is carried out using the finite element method incorporating the infinite element formulation for the unbounded layered soil medium and the substructured wave input technique. The criterion function for the parameter estimation is constructed using the frequency response amplitude ratios of the earthquake responses measured at several points of the structure, so that the information on the input motion may be excluded. The constrained steepest descent method is employed to obtain the revised parameters. The simulated earthquake responses using the identified parameters and input ground motion show excellent agreement with the measured responses. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

陕西旬阳地区志留系铅锌矿矿集区特征及其成因初探   总被引：28，自引：7，他引：28  

宋小文  侯满堂  朱经祥  吴邦朝  唐永忠 《陕西地质》2003,21(1):1-9

通过十多年的勘查及研究，在陕西旬阳—白河一带的志留系中新发现了大型铅锌矿矿集区。该矿集区东西长约100km，南北宽10—50km。区内有中志留统双河镇组和下志留统梅子垭组两个含矿层位及泗人沟—南沙沟、红土坡—韩氏沟—小沟、西营—黄石板三个成矿带。在成矿带内已发现20余处铅锌(铜)矿床(点)，资源丰富，找矿潜力较大。该矿床成因为细碎屑岩沉积—改造型铅锌矿床。  相似文献   

安徽冬瓜山叠生式层状铜矿热液改造型流体研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

陈邦国  姜章平  张卫平  徐兆文  陆现彩  陆建军  刘苏明  黄顺生 《江苏地质》2002,26(2):65-69

研究证实冬瓜山叠生式层状铜矿液改造型流体包裹体的均一温度介于224℃-478℃之间，盐度介于3．20％－43．9％之间，呈双峰式分布；硬石膏与石炭系海水硫酸盐δ^34S相当，矿石黄铁矿和石英闪长岩黄铁矿中δ^34S比较接近岩浆中的硫；表明冬瓜山叠生式层状铜矿床既有沉积特征，又有热液改造的特征，且后者在铜矿富集成矿过程中占主导地位。碳同位素研究表明：矿区地层和矿体中方解石脉的δ^13C，矿石中的δ^13C和矿体石英脉中的碳主要来源于沉积碳酸盐，但经过一系列的地质作用，使得方解石脉中的δ^13C减少的速率明显的比围岩快。石英脉的δ^18OSMOW介于0.937%-1.390%之间，δDSMOW介于-5.500%--7.290%之间，说明流体中的氧，氢同位素接近岩浆水。因此热液改造型流体主要来自岩浆。  相似文献   

高速铁路隧道洞内CPⅡ平面网建网测量新方法研究     

彭海峰  邹浜  杨玉堂 《测绘工程》2015,(2):65-68,74

基于导线环网的传统高速铁路隧道洞内CPⅡ平面网建网方法存在控制点标志易被破坏,观测时受隧道侧壁旁折光影响严重和点位精度不均匀等缺点。为了克服这些缺点,文中提出一种基于自由测站边角交会网的高铁隧道洞内CPⅡ平面网建网新方法。理论和实践证明,新方法不仅能有效克服传统方法的不足,而且在提高测量效率和测量精度方面有着显著优势,值得推广使用。  相似文献   

Earthquake response analysis of the Hualien soil–structure interaction system based on updated soil properties using forced vibration test data     

Jun‐Seong Choi  Chung‐Bang Yun  Jae‐Min Kim 《地震工程与结构动力学》2001,30(1):1-26

This paper presents results of the earthquake response analysis on a large‐scale seismic test (LSST) structure which was built at Hualien in Taiwan for an international cooperative research project. The analysis is carried out using a computer program which has been developed based on axisymmetric finite element method incorporating dynamic infinite elements for far‐field soil region and a substructured wave input technique. The non‐linear behaviour of the soil medium is taken into account using an iterative equivalent linearization procedure. Two sets of the soil and structural properties, namely the unified and the FVT‐correlated models, are utilized as the initial linear values. The unified model was provided by a group of experts in charge of the geotechnical experiments, and the correlated model was obtained through a system identification procedure using the forced vibration test (FVT) results by the present authors. Three components of ground accelerations are artificially generated through an averaging process of the Fourier amplitude spectra of the ground accelerations measured near the test structure, and they are used as the control input motions for the earthquake analysis. It has been found that the earthquake responses predicted using the generated control motions and with the FVT‐correlated model as the initial linear properties in the equivalent linearization procedure compare very well with the observed responses. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Simultaneous Organic Matter and Nitrogen Removal from Piggery Slaughterhouse Wastewater Using Bioaugmented Gaslift Membrane Bioreactor     

Nguyen Duc Toan  Nguyen Van Tuyen  Pham Bang Hai  Nguyen Thi Hoang Ha  Do Tien Anh  Bach Quang Dung 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2023,51(1):2200106

A single bioaugmentation reactor and a side-stream gaslift membrane bioreactor combined with bioaugmentation are conducted to treat real wastewater from a centralized piggery slaughterhouse in Vietnam. The bioaugmented reactor is inoculated with heterotrophic microorganisms (Bacillus sp.) isolated from piggery slaughterhouse wastewater. The results of a single bioaugmentation experiment show high removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (84.8%–97.5%) and total nitrogen (TN) (69.9%–87.2%) at loading rates of 1.28–3.89 and 0.14–0.37 kg m⁻³ d⁻¹, respectively. The combined system demonstrates a significantly higher TN removal efficiency (89.0%–96.1%) (p < 0.001), more stable flux (36.0–38.4 L m⁻² h⁻¹), and transmembrane pressure (0.95–1.05 bar), and better capacity of separation of solid–liquid phases compared to the single bioaugmentation. High COD and TN removal efficiency is possibly due to assimilation and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification processes. The results of this study also indicate the feasibility and propitious efficiency of the bioaugmented gaslift membrane bioreactor for piggery slaughterhouse wastewater treatment.  相似文献   

海洋生物高分子壳聚糖微孔树脂的开发     

蔡邦肖 《海洋学研究》1999,17(2):39-42

在简要评述甲壳素和壳聚糖的资源、产业及其应用特点的同时,着重叙述壳聚糖微孔树脂的制备、性质、功能和应用,从而展示壳聚糖及其微孔树脂的发展前景。  相似文献