Certain cosmological models and a new principle of equivalence     

Ewa Rydzyńska 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1989,159(1):11-19

In this paper we prove an equivalence of velocity and Bellert's dilatation of metric. It is the kind of principle such as the equality of gravitational and inertial masses, noted by Newton, or equivalence of acceleration and space curvature, proved by Einstein. Our equivalence can be a foundation of a new theory, as it was in the two mentioned cases.The result is presented in two ways. One of these is a comparison of cosmological theories; and a dependence between the most important cosmological models is obtained. In this paper one of the results from the previous paper of the author (Rydzyska, 1989) is corrected.  相似文献   

A New Species of Dactylolabis (Eobothrophorus) from Baltic Amber (Diptera:Limoniidae)   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Wies?aw KRZEMINSKI  Iwona KANIA  and Ewa KRZEMINSKA 《《地质学报》英文版》2010,84(4):768-771

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A Late Paleoproterozoic (1.80 Ga) subduction-related mafic igneous suite from Lomza, NE Poland     

Ewa Krzemi&#;ska  Ian Williams  Janina Wiszniewska 《地学学报》2005,17(5):442-449

The Lomza orthoamphibolites in the crystalline basement of NE Poland, dated at 1802 ± 9 Ma by SHRIMP zircon U–Pb, are characterized by high incompatible and REE element contents. These features, the low Nb, and the position of the rock compositions on La–Y–Nb, Zr–Nb/Zr and Zr–Nb–Y tectonomagmatic discrimination diagrams, suggest that the metavolcanics formed in a subduction setting, possibly within a continental margin island arc. The likely extension of the belt of Paleoproterozoic mafic magmatism from Latvia and Lithuania into NE Poland provides convincing evidence for the existence of an active plate margin in that region at that time.  相似文献   

Correlating specific conductivity with total hardness in gypsum karst waters   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wiesława Ewa Krawczyk  Derek C. Ford 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2007,32(4):612-620

Modern digital conductivity meters are readily portable, robust, cheap, and give precisely reproducible values of specific electrical conductivity (SpC, in µS cm^?1). Here we investigate the accuracy of their estimates of the amounts of gypsum dissolved in waters collected in gypsum karst terrains, expressed as total hardness (TH) in mg L^?1 of CaSO₄·2H₂O (GYP). Total dissolved solid concentrations (TDS) are also considered. Curves obtained with the program PHREEQC, for the dissolution of pure gypsum in water at 25 C, are compared with 574 comprehensive water chemical analyses selected from gypsum karst studies in Europe and the Americas. Principal common and foreign ions encountered are the BNC group (bicarbonates, nitrates, chlorides). It is found that GYP = 1·12^·SpC + 62 where BNC < 33% (Cl^? < 5%), with one standard error <5% for waters with SpC > 2400 µS cm^?1; GYP = 0·74^·SpC + 777 where BNC < 33% (5% ≤ Cl^? < 15%), with one standard error <10% for waters with SpC > 3100 µS cm^?1; GYP = 0·97^·SpC ? 209 where BNC < 33% and Cl^? ≥ 15%, with one standard error <10% for samples with SpC > 4300 µS cm^?1. There are similar results for the more complex waters found in gypsum karsts where much carbonate rock or salt is also present, to the limit of BNC < 50% for what may reasonably be defined as ‘gypsum waters’. Values of R² for linear correlations of different subsets of the water samples range from 0·69 to 0·96, the majority being >0·8. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Biostratigraphy of the lower red shale interval in the Rhenodanubian Flysch Zone of Austria   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

Michael Wagreich  Polina Pavlishina  Ewa Malata 《Cretaceous Research》2006,27(6):743-753

In the Rhenodanubian Flysch Zone of Austria, between the Aptian–Albian “Gault Flysch” and the Cenomanian–Turonian Reiselsberg Formation, an interval with predominant red shales (“Untere Bunte Schiefer”) occurs. In the Oberaschau section near Attersee (Upper Austria) a ca. 18-m-thick interval of alternating red and grey shales and marlstones with minor sandstones is present. Thin sandstone intercalations are interpreted as distal turbidites. Dinoflagellate cyst assemblages indicate the Litosphaeridium siphoniphorum Zone. The concurrent presence of Litosphaeridium siphoniphorum and Ovoidinium verrucosum in all samples allows a correlation to the lower part of this zone, thus defining a Late Albian–Early Cenomanian age. Based on foraminifera, the red beds can be assigned to the topmost Rotalipora appenninica Zone and the Rotalipora globotruncanoides Zone due to the presence of small morphotypes of the index taxa. Nannofossils indicate standard zones CC9/UC0 throughout the red interval, defined by the first occurrence of Eiffellithus turriseiffelii, and UC1 above the red shales. Based on these multistratigraphic data, a latest Albian–Early Cenomanian age can be inferred.  相似文献   

Universal profile of dark matter haloes and the spherical infall model     

Ewa L. okas 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2000,311(2):423-432

I propose a modification of the spherical infall model for the evolution of density fluctuations with initially Gaussian probability distribution and scale-free power spectra in the Einsteinde Sitter universe as developed by Hoffman & Shaham. I introduce a generalized form of the initial density distribution around an overdense region and cut it off at half the interpeak separation, accounting in this way for the presence of the neighbouring fluctuations. Contrary to the original predictions of Hoffman & Shaham, the resulting density profiles within virial radii no longer have a power-law shape, but their steepness increases with distance. The profiles of haloes of galactic mass are well fitted by the universal profile formula of changing slope obtained as a result of N -body simulations by Navarro, Frenk & White. The trend of steeper profiles for smaller masses and higher spectral indices is also reproduced. The agreement between the model and simulations is better for smaller masses and lower spectral indices, which suggests that galaxies form mainly by accretion, while formation of clusters involves merging.  相似文献   

Chaoborus americanus predation influences Bosmina mucro lengths in fishless lakes     

Andrew L. Labaj  Joshua Kurek  John P. Smol 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2014,51(3):449-454

Size attributes of the cladoceran taxon Bosmina are known to vary in response to the intensity and dominant type of predation. Using a paleolimnological approach, we tested the hypothesis that Bosmina size structure differs between fishless lakes and those with presumed populations of planktivorous fish. We measured sedimentary remains of Bosmina longirostris and assessed assemblage structure of the gape-limited invertebrate predator Chaoborus within the surface sediments of 29 lakes in remote, northwestern Ontario, Canada. Mean B. longirostris mucro, antennule, and carapace lengths did not differ significantly between lake predation categories. However, within fishless lakes, a significant (r = 0.68, P = 0.01) positive correlation was apparent between B. longirostris mucro length and Chaoborus americanus percent abundance. We thus suggest that B. longirostris mucro length may be sensitive to C. americanus predation, however further information on the interactions with predators is needed.  相似文献   

CyberShake: A Physics-Based Seismic Hazard Model for Southern California   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Robert Graves  Thomas H. Jordan  Scott Callaghan  Ewa Deelman  Edward Field  Gideon Juve  Carl Kesselman  Philip Maechling  Gaurang Mehta  Kevin Milner  David Okaya  Patrick Small  Karan Vahi 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2011,168(3-4):367-381

CyberShake, as part of the Southern California Earthquake Center??s (SCEC) Community Modeling Environment, is developing a methodology that explicitly incorporates deterministic source and wave propagation effects within seismic hazard calculations through the use of physics-based 3D ground motion simulations. To calculate a waveform-based seismic hazard estimate for a site of interest, we begin with Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 2.0 (UCERF2.0) and identify all ruptures within 200?km of the site of interest. We convert the UCERF2.0 rupture definition into multiple rupture variations with differing hypocenter locations and slip distributions, resulting in about 415,000 rupture variations per site. Strain Green Tensors are calculated for the site of interest using the SCEC Community Velocity Model, Version 4 (CVM4), and then, using reciprocity, we calculate synthetic seismograms for each rupture variation. Peak intensity measures are then extracted from these synthetics and combined with the original rupture probabilities to produce probabilistic seismic hazard curves for the site. Being explicitly site-based, CyberShake directly samples the ground motion variability at that site over many earthquake cycles (i.e., rupture scenarios) and alleviates the need for the ergodic assumption that is implicitly included in traditional empirically based calculations. Thus far, we have simulated ruptures at over 200 sites in the Los Angeles region for ground shaking periods of 2?s and longer, providing the basis for the first generation CyberShake hazard maps. Our results indicate that the combination of rupture directivity and basin response effects can lead to an increase in the hazard level for some sites, relative to that given by a conventional Ground Motion Prediction Equation (GMPE). Additionally, and perhaps more importantly, we find that the physics-based hazard results are much more sensitive to the assumed magnitude-area relations and magnitude uncertainty estimates used in the definition of the ruptures than is found in the traditional GMPE approach. This reinforces the need for continued development of a better understanding of earthquake source characterization and the constitutive relations that govern the earthquake rupture process.  相似文献   

The reliability of the kinematical evidence for dark matter: the effects of non-sphericity, substructure and streaming motions     

Teresa Sanchis  Ewa L. &#;okas  Gary A. Mamon 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2004,347(4):1198-1207

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Multiphase magmatic activity in the Variscan Kłodzko–Złoty Stok intrusion,Polish Sudetes: evidence from SHRIMP U–Pb zircon ages     

Jokubauskas  Petras  Bagiński  Bogusław  Macdonald  Ray  Krzemińska  Ewa 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2018,107(5):1623-1639

International Journal of Earth Sciences - The Kłodzko–Złoty Stok intrusion (KZSI), located in the NE part of the Bohemian Massif of Central Europe, has preserved records of the...  相似文献