Stream network modelling using lidar and photogrammetric digital elevation models: a comparison and field verification   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Paul N. C. Murphy  Jae Ogilvie  Fan‐Rui Meng  Paul Arp 《水文研究》2008,22(12):1747-1754

  相似文献   

Molecular fossil and paleovegetation records of paleosol S4 and adjacent loess layers in the Luochuan loess section, NW China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Zhang HuCai  Yang MingSheng  Zhang WenXiang  Lei GuoLiang  Chang FengQin  Pu Yang  Fan HongFang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(3):321-330

Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique, a series of biomarkers were identi- fied, including n-alkanes, n-alkane-2-ones, isoprenoid etc. from the loess-paleosol samples collected from the S4 and adjacent L5, L4 of the Luochuan loess section, Northwestern China. Based on these data, especially n-alkanes and high-resolution magnetic susceptibility and grain size data, the pa- leoenvironment and paleovegetation history during S4 was reconstructed. The CPI (Carbon Predomi- nance Index) and correlation between n-alkanes and magnetic susceptibility and grain size data dem- onstrated that the molecular fossils in paleosol and loess layers can reflect the vegetation condition during the loess-paleosol formation, if the allochthonous organic inputs could be excluded reasonably. The ACL (average chain length) index is correlated well with paleomagnetic susceptibility and grain size variations, displaying their good synchrony with warm and humid climate. However, it relatively lagged behind the paleomagnetic susceptibility and the grain size variations when the climate began to deteriorate. During the formation period of paleosol, the n-alkanes was dominated by C31 homologue, indicating that the primary organic input originated from herbs. Our study also demonstrated that the herbs were more flourish than wood plants in Loess Plateau, especially in the Luochuan area during the warm and humid phase, and there was no typical forest vegetation developed in the studied period.  相似文献   

Geochronology of the volcanic rocks in the Lu-Zong basin and its significance   总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23  

TaoFa Zhou  Yu Fan  Feng Yuan  SanMing Lu  ShiGui Shang  David Cooke  Sebastien Meffre  GuoChun Zhao 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(10):1470-1482

The Lu-Zong (Lujiang-Zongyang) basin is one of the most important volcanic basins in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River area, China. It comprises four shoshonitic volcanic units, which are, in an ascending order, the Longmenyuan, Zhuanqiao, Shuangmiao and Fushan Groups. The LA-ICP MS U-Pb zircon ages of the four units are: 134.8±1.8 Ma for the Longmenyuan Group, 134.1±1.6 Ma for the Zhuanqiao Group, 130.5±0.8 Ma for the Shuangmiao Group, and 127.1±1.2 Ma for the Fushan Group. The results indicate that all volcanic rocks in the Lu-Zong basin were formed in the Early Cretaceous from about 135 Ma to 127 Ma, lasting 8-10 Ma. There were no Jurassic volcanic activities in all the volcanic basins including the Lu-Zong basin in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River area. This work has provided new chronological results for the further study and understanding of the tec- tonic, magmatic and metallogenic processes of eastern China in the Mesozoic.  相似文献   

大港油田板桥凹陷构造变换带与油气富集^*   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

梁锋  范军侠  李宏伟  侯伯刚 《古地理学报》2008,10(1):73-76

在伸展断陷盆地中,构造变换带对油气具有重要的控制作用,其附近往往是油气富集的有利部位。伸展断裂沿走向上发生伸展量呈消长关系变化的部位通常是构造变换带发育的部位。由于地层的沉降幅度在构造变换带附近具有减小的趋势,沿构造变换带走向上地层沉降幅度的差异造成了大港油田板桥凹陷“凸、凹相间”的构造古地理格局。构造变换带附近往往发育断鼻等正向构造,因此,构造变换带也常常是油气富集的有利部位。研究发现,板桥凹陷构造变换带较为发育,且其附近断鼻构造圈闭发育,并处于生烃洼陷之中,因此,构造变换带成为板桥凹陷油气较为富集的有利部位。  相似文献   

松嫩平原西部土壤盐碱化空间变异与微地形关系研究   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

杨帆  章光新  尹雄锐  李秀军 《地理科学》2009,29(6):869-873

以松嫩平原西部具有典型微地形变化的苏打盐渍土小区为试验区,运用经典统计学和地统计学相结合的方法研究了小区盐碱化指标土壤电导率(EC)、盐分含量(SC)、pH和SAR的空间变异特征,绘制了4种指标的空间分布图。结果表明:受结构性因素和随机性因素的共同作用,4种指标均具有强空间相关性。4种指标空间分布在一定范围内均存在空间上的相似性。四种指标与相对高程呈极显著相关,相对高程在40cm范围内,四种指标随着相对高程的增加,呈二次函数曲线增加趋势。该研究为苏打盐渍土区植被恢复和盐碱地利用提供依据。  相似文献   

Early Paleozoic subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean: Geochronological and geochemical evidence from the Dashizhai basalts,Inner Mongolia   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

Feng Guo  WeiMing Fan  ChaoWen Li  LaiCheng Miao  Liang Zhao 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2009,52(7):940-951

Zircon U-Pb results of basalt from the Dashizhai Town in Inner Mongolia, NE China, shows that the basaltic lava was erupted at 439±3 Ma, much older than the “Permian basalts” as previously thought. These rocks show arc-type trace element patterns (i.e., Nb-Ta depletion and light REE and large ion lithophile element enrichment) and unradiogenic Sr and highly radiogenic Nd and Hf isotope compositions. They can be subdivided into two petrogenetic groups: Group 1 basalts have relatively high TiO₂, MgO and compatible elements and low Sr and Th, characterized by mid-oceanic ridge basalt (MORB)-type Sr-Nd-Hf isotope compositions (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr(i)=0.7028−0.7032, ε_Nd(t)=+9.8−+11.2, ε_Hf(t)=+16.1−+18.4). Group 2 has lower TiO₂, MgO and compatible elements and higher Sr and Th, and relatively evolved Sr-Nd-Hf isotope compositions (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr(i)=0.7037−0.7038, ε_Nd(t)=+5.7−+7.3, ε_Hf(t)=+12.6−+13.0). Both groups were interpreted as melts derived from a metasomatized mantle wedge formed during the subduction of Paleo-Asian Ocean. The mantle source for Group 1 was probably a highly isotopically depleted oceanic mantle modified by predominant slab fluids; whereas subducted sediments had an important contribution to the melting source for Group 2. The petrogenesis of the Dashizhai basalts provides clear evidence for early Paleozoic subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean, and the highly radiogenic Nd and Hf compositions in these rocks suggest that these lavas and their possible intrusive counterparts were one of the important components for Phanerozoic crustal growth. Our and previous studies on the “Dashizhai Formation” volcanic rocks yield an unrealistic eruption range of 440-270 Ma for different rock types, we thus advise to disassemble the previously defined “Dashizhai Formation” into multiple lithologic units and to reinterpret the spatial and temporal distributions of different volcano-sedimentary associations. Supported by National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2006CB403504)  相似文献   

基于遥感特征指数的地表水体自动提取技术研究   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

于德浩  龙凡  邓正栋  王大庆 《地球物理学进展》2009,24(2):707-713

为了从海量遥感数据中有效地提取地表水体信息,并提高自动化提取效率,提出了一种基于遥感特征指数的地表水体自动提取方法.该方法选取归一化植被指数(NDVI)、归一化建筑指数(NDBI)和修正归一化水体指数(MNDWI)作为遥感特征指数集,并根据这些指数构建了遥感特征指数曲线.通过分析,发现地表水体在特征曲线中单调上升,植被在特征曲线中单调下降,而其它地物并无此特征.因此,根据这一规律,利用ERDAS IMAGINE软件建立了自动化提取模型.通过与其他方法对比,表明所建立的模型在精度和自动化方面都明显优于其他方法,可用于海量数据地表水体的自动提取.最后,在ARCGIS环境下,并通过决策树模型初步实现了地表水体的自动分类.  相似文献   

方形组合式钢丝绳隔震器静刚度试验研究     

卢红标  赵帆  蔡立艮  严东晋 《地震学刊》2009,(5):537-540

作者研制了一种新型方形组合式钢丝绳隔震器。该种隔震器由4个条形夹具夹持16根普通镀锌钢丝绳组合而成,从结构形式上保证了水平刚度对称。经过多次垂直向循环静力加卸载试验,运用Origin 7.0软件对实验数据进行分析处理,绘制出该种隔震器的静力特性曲线,并分别与目前防护工程中采用的条形不锈钢钢丝绳隔震器、鼓形钢丝绳隔震器的静力特性曲线进行了比较。试验结果表明,方形组合式钢丝绳隔震器不但具有初始刚度大、软特性明显、阻尼大、加工简便、性价比高等优点,而且克服了条形不锈钢钢丝绳隔震器价格高、水平刚度不相同和鼓形钢丝绳隔震器加工复杂的不足,在今后的防护工程隔震技术中有良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

光纤布拉格光栅波长解调系统的研制   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

孟宪玮  张青  史彦新  韩永温  蒋凡 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2009,39(2):342

光纤布拉格光栅波长解调系统利用光纤光栅的平均折射率和栅格周期对外界参量的敏感特性,将外界参量的变化转化为其布拉格波长的移动,通过解调布拉格波长的偏移来确定待测物理量的变化。采用波分复用技术构成光纤光栅传感网络,提出了由光源、布拉格光栅传感网络、光栅波长检测电路构成FBG波长解调系统的硬件设计方案。利用LabVIEW丰富的功能函数库,设计光纤布拉格光栅波长解调系统软件的各功能模块。最后在室内进行了FBG波长解调系统的调试实验。结果表明：在相同测试环境下,传感器的测试波长变化较稳定,数据的重复性较好,系统软硬件运行稳定可靠。  相似文献   

土体疲劳对打桩分析的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘润  董伟  禚瑞花  闫澍旺  樊之夏  冯韶辉 《海洋技术学报》2005,24(4):68-72

在动力沉桩过程中,桩长时间连续运动导致桩侧土体强度的降低,使土体产生疲劳效应。结合一维应力波动理论,桩土相互作用模型和土体疲劳的不同计算方法,编制计算软件,对渤海某油田采油平台的桩基工程进行打桩分析,预测沉桩过程所需的锤击数、桩周土静阻力以及桩的极限承载力。比较不同的桩侧土体疲劳计算模式的分析结果,并用工程实测数据验证计算值。为工程设计和施工提供参考。  相似文献