Morphometric and molecular data on two mitochondrial genes of a newly discovered chimaeran fish (Hydrolagus melanophasma, Chondrichthyes)     

José De La Cruz-Agüero  Francisco Javier García-Rodríguez  Víctor Manuel Cota-Gómez  Felipe Neri Melo-Barrera  Rogelio González-Armas 《Ocean Science Journal》2012,47(2):147-153

Fresh and preserved (type material) specimens of the black ghost chimaera Hydrolagus melanophasma were compared for morphometric characteristics. A molecular comparison was also performed on two mitochondrial gene sequences (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA gene sequences). While significant differences in measurements were found, the differences were not attributable to sexual dimorphism or the quality of the specimens, but to the sample size and the type of statistical tests. The result of the genetic characterization showed that 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA genes represented robust molecular markers that characterized the species.  相似文献   

Combining active and passive multi-channel analysis of surface waves to improve reliability of \hbox {V}_\mathrm{S,30} estimation using standard equipment     

Francisco Humire  Esteban Sáez  Felipe Leyton  Gonzalo Yañez 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2015,13(5):1303-1321

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Detrital zircon U–Pb ages and whole-rock geochemistry of the Neoproterozoic Paulistana and Santa Filomena complexes,Borborema Province,northeastern Brazil: implications for source area composition,provenance, and tectonic setting     

Felipe H. Santos  Wagner S. Amaral  Evilarde C. Uchôa Filho  Douglas T. Martins 《International Geology Review》2017,59(15):1861-1884

The Paulistana and Santa Filomena Complexes are situated in the southern part of the Borborema Province (northeastern Brazil), in the Riacho do Pontal Orogen, and represent meta-volcano-sedimentary sequences. We present compositional variations in the metasedimentary rocks and new U–Pb detrital zircon data. Major and trace elements indicate that the metasedimentary rocks from the Paulistana and Santa Filomena Complexes are composed mostly of immature to mature sediments derived from felsic-intermediate sources with moderate to slightly high chemical weathering. The geochemical signatures of the sediment protoliths for both complexes are characteristic of continental magmatic arc settings with minor contribution from recycled sediment sources. The source area for the Paulistana Complex rocks follow the compositional trend between calc-alkaline granites and granodiorites, whereas the Santa Filomena Complex rocks have a more restricted composition trending to more granodioritic sources. For the Paulistana Complex, two main source ages were identified: (1) Tonian (ca. 950 Ma – sample RPE-58) and Tonian–Stenian (ca. 1.0 Ga – sample RPE-103). These data coupled with geochemical information suggest that the Cariris Velhos arc system was the main source area for the Paulistana Complex. Regarding the Santa Filomena metasedimentary rocks, potential source-areas include: (1) Neoarchaean rocks (~2.6 Ga) represented by the adjacent basement rocks of the Riacho do Pontal Orogen; (2) Rhyacian–Orosirian rocks (2.2–2.0 Ga) of the Riacho do Pontal Orogen and the Pernambuco–Alagoas terrain, which include an augen-gneiss with arc-related geochemical signature; (3) Statherian granites (1.7–1.6 Ga); and (4) Cariris Velhos crust (1000–920 Ma). The metasedimentary rocks of the Paulistana Complex were deposited in a rift stage (ca. 900 Ma), which is related to the break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent. The metasedimentary rocks of the Santa Filomena Complex most probably were deposited in another rift stage (ca. 750–700 Ma) and could be correlatives of the rift formation of the Canindé Domain (Sergipano Orogen).  相似文献   

Pelagic resources landings in central-southern Chile under the A2 climate change scenarios     

Eleuterio Yáñez  Francisco Plaza  Claudio Silva  Felipe Sánchez  María Ángela Barbieri  Antonio Aranis 《Ocean Dynamics》2016,66(10):1333-1351

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Anisotropic visco-hypoplasticity   总被引：5，自引：5，他引：0  

Andrzej Niemunis  Carlos Eduardo Grandas-Tavera  Luis Felipe Prada-Sarmiento 《Acta Geotechnica》2009,4(4):293-314

Apart from time-driven creep or relaxation, most viscoplastic models (without plastic and viscous strain separation) generate no or a very limited accumulation of strain or stress due to cyclic loading. Such pseudo-relaxation (or pseudo-creep) is either absent or dwindles too fast with increasing OCR. For example, the accumulation of the pore water pressure and eventual liquefaction due to cyclic loading cannot be adequately reproduced. The proposed combination of a viscous model and a hypoplastic model can circumvent this problem. The novel visco-hypoplasticity model presented in the paper is based on an anisotropic preconsolidation surface. It can distinguish between the undrained strength upon triaxial vertical loading and horizontal loading. The strain-induced anisotropy is described using a second-order structure tensor. The implicit time integration with the consistent Jacobian matrix is presented. For the tensorial manipulation including numerous Fréchet derivatives, a special package has been developed within the algebra program MATHEMATICA (registered trade mark of Wolfram Research Inc.). The results can be conveniently coded using a special FORTRAN 90 module for tensorial operations. Simulations of element tests from biaxial apparatus and FE calculations are also shown.  相似文献   

High-performance three-horizon composition algorithm for large-scale terrains     

Siham Tabik  Luis Felipe Romero  Emilio López Zapata 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(4):541-555

This work presents a high-performance algorithm to compute the horizon in very large high-resolution DEMs. We used Stewart's algorithm as the core of our implementation and considered that the horizon has three components: the ground, near, and far horizons. To eliminate the edge-effect, we introduced a multi-resolution halo method. Moreover, we used a new data partition approach, to substantially increase the parallelism in the algorithm. In addition, several optimizations have been applied to considerably reduce the number of arithmetical operations in the core of the algorithm. The experimental results have demonstrated that by applying the above-described contributions, the proposed algorithm is more than twice faster than Stewart's algorithm while maintaining the same accuracy.  相似文献   

Analysis of aquifer vulnerability and water quality using SINTACS and geographic weighted regression     

Jose A. Ramos Leal  Felipe O. Tapia Silva  Ismael Sandoval Montes 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,66(8):2257-2271

Aquifer vulnerability and water quality were assessed in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca (Mexico) using the SINTACS method, based on a geographic information system. SINTACS layers were prepared using data such as climate (rainfall and temperature), water table, hydraulic conductivity, geology, soil type and topographic model. Maps for water quality index (WQI), contamination index and pollution sources index (PSI) were also obtained by this work. Groundwater quality in the Central Valleys may be affected by two factors, those with an anthropogenic origin and those with natural origin. High vulnerability values are located in the valleys of the basin, where granular sediments are exposed. Low vulnerability values are distributed in the basin??s ranges, where metamorphic rocks are found. Given that many of the zones with the highest groundwater vulnerability values correspond to zones with the greatest PSI values, there is great risk of groundwater contamination for the area of study because external (indicated by PSI) and internal (indicated by SINTACS) factors that cause pollution can be frequently observed in the same place. Geographic weighted regression (GWR) is used to test the dependency between WQI as dependent variable and SINTACS, PSI, Urban localities, Agriculture, Pastures and Rivers as predictors. The results indicate the non-stationary behavior of the dependent variable with respect to the predictors. While the obtained GWR models used to model WQI cannot be used in practical situations to predict the behavior of said variable, they can be used to estimate the degree to which the predictors influence the variable of interest.  相似文献   

Using Two-Point Set Statistics to Estimate the Diameter Distribution in Boolean Models with Circular Grains     

Xavier Emery  Willy Kracht  álvaro Ega?a  Felipe Garrido 《Mathematical Geosciences》2012,44(7):805-822

This paper deals with the counting and measuring of overlapping circular objects in binary images, a problem that arises in the mineral processing industry when estimating the distribution of bubble diameters in flotation cells in order to predict the geometallurgical performance of the flotation process. By viewing the images as realizations of a stationary planar Boolean model with circular grains and by using two-point set statistics, it is possible to jointly estimate the average number of objects per unit area and their diameter distribution. When applied to real and simulated images, this method is shown to give accurate estimates, to be robust to the presence of noise contaminating the images and of moderate drifts in the number of objects per unit area, and to speed up the processing time with respect to currently used methods. Combined, these properties serve to make the method suitable for an on-line monitoring of the flotation process.  相似文献   

Vegetation and topographic controls on sediment deposition and storage on gully beds in a degraded mountain area   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Armando Molina  Gerard Govers  Felipe Cisneros  Veerle Vanacker 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2009,34(6):755-767

Active gully systems developed on highly weathered or loose parent material are an important source of runoff and sediment production in degraded areas. However, a decrease of land pressure may lead to a return of a partial vegetation cover, whereby gully beds are preferred recolonization spots. Although the current knowledge on the role of vegetation on reducing sediment production on slopes is well developed, few studies exist on the significance of restoring sediment transport pathways on the total sediment budget of degraded mountainous catchments. This study in the Ecuadorian Andes evaluates the potential of vegetation to stabilize active gully systems by trapping and retaining eroded sediment in the gully bed, and analyses the significance of vegetation restoration in the gully bed in reducing sediment export from degraded catchments. Field measurements on 138 gully segments located in 13 ephemeral steep gullies with different ground vegetation cover indicate that gully bed vegetation is the most important factor in promoting short‐term (1–15 years) sediment deposition and gully stabilization. In well‐vegetated gully systems ( ≥ 30% of ground vegetation cover), 0.035 m³ m^–1 of sediment is deposited yearly in the gully bed. Almost 50 per cent of the observed variance in sediment deposition volumes can be explained by the mean ground vegetation cover of the gully bed. The presence of vegetation in gully beds gives rise to the formation of vegetated buffer zones, which enhance short‐term sediment trapping even in active gully systems in mountainous environments. Vegetation buffer zones are shown to modify the connectivity of sediment fluxes, as they reduce the transport efficiency of gully systems. First calculations on data on sediment deposition patterns in our study area show that gully bed deposition in response to gully bed revegetation can represent more than 25 per cent of the volume of sediment generated within the catchment. Our findings indicate that relatively small changes in landscape connectivity have the potential to create strong (positive) feedback loops between erosion and vegetation dynamics. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A new multiscale scheme for computing statistical moments in single phase flow in heterogeneous porous media     

Marcio R. Borges  Márcio A. Murad  Felipe Pereira  Frederico Furtado 《Advances in water resources》2009

In this work we develop a new multiscale procedure to compute numerically the statistical moments of the stochastic variables which govern single phase flow in heterogeneous porous media. The technique explores the properties of the log-normally distributed hydraulic conductivity, characterized by power-law or exponential covariances, which shows invariance in its statistical structure upon a simultaneous change of the scale of observation and strength of heterogeneity. We construct a family of equivalent stochastic hydrodynamic variables satisfying the same flow equations at different scales and strengths of heterogeneity or correlation lengths. Within the new procedure the governing equations are solved in a scaled geology and the numerical results are mapped onto the original medium at coarser scales by a straightforward rescaling. The new procedure is implemented numerically within the Monte Carlo algorithm and also in conjunction with the discretization of the low-order effective equations derived from perturbation analysis. Numerical results obtained by the finite element method show the accuracy of the new procedure to approximated the two first moments of the pressure and velocity along with its potential in reducing drastically the computational cost involved in the numerical modeling of both power-law and exponential covariance functions.  相似文献