Understanding the triggering mechanism and possible kinematic evolution of a reactivated landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Dong Ming Gu  Da Huang  Wei Dong Yang  Ji Liang Zhu  Guo Yang Fu 《Landslides》2017,14(6):2073-2087

More than 5000 landslides or potential landslides have been induced in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) region since the impoundment in 2003, which have caused great damage and remain a huge threat to the dam and people living in the reservoir area. Understanding the deformation characteristics and failure mechanism of the landslides can be helpful in stability evaluation and landslide prediction. The primary aim of this study is to research the characteristics of the landslide motion and its relationships with environmental triggers, taking the Quchi landslide, a large, slow-moving, reactivated landslide in the TGR region, as an example. The instability clearly showed visible signs of movements since 2002, and after that, the slope has been experiencing persistent deformation. By combining 4 years of meteorological, hydrological data with displacement measurements from open fractures, deep boreholes, and surface points, as well as in situ observations, this paper reports the geological and geotechnical investigations performed to define the movement. The deformation is believed to be governed by reservoir water levels, while the precipitation has a minor effect. Seasonally, the slope movement has a very distinctive pattern with large deformation starting abruptly right after reservoir drawdown in June and lasting into late summer (September). Then there is a rapid transition to constant deformation (almost no displacement) as the reservoir level rises. The slope displacements appear to gradually increase every year, which suggests very high possibility of the large and overall failure of the slide. Both monitoring results and geomorphological observations have highlighted that the two active slide masses Q1 and Q2 would probably collapse in different kinematic evolution modes, i.e., the multistage failure and whole sliding motion.  相似文献   

四川盆地中二叠统栖霞组、茅口组岩相古地理及勘探方向     

厚刚福  周进高  谷明峰  姚倩颖  杨柳  潘立银  郝毅 《海相油气地质》2017,22(1)

通过地层剥蚀关系分析,四川盆地中二叠统沉积前的古构造格局具有"三隆一洼"的特点。基于野外剖面、岩心和薄片观察,结合录井、测井相和地震相分析,明确了栖霞组和茅口组发育镶边碳酸盐岩台地沉积,包含一级台缘带、二级台缘带、开阔台地和台盆等4种亚相以及一级台缘滩、二级台缘滩、台内滩和硅质台盆等微相。栖霞组、茅口组岩相古地理受控于沉积前古构造:一级台缘带分布于古隆起与斜坡—盆地过渡地带;开阔台地分布于古隆起区和低隆起区;台盆分布于低洼区;二级台缘带分布于开阔台地和台盆之间的过渡地带。类比上二叠统长兴组和下三叠统飞仙关组油气勘探,栖霞组、茅口组台地内部的二级台缘带可作为下一步油气勘探的有利领域。  相似文献   

Three-dimensional DEM analysis of single geogrid-encased stone columns under unconfined compression: a parametric study     

Meixiang Gu  Jie Han  Minghua Zhao 《Acta Geotechnica》2017,12(3):559-572

Three-dimensional discrete element method (DEM) was employed in this study to analyze the behavior of single geogrid-encased stone columns under unconfined compression. Four important parameters were investigated to understand and evaluate their effects on the behavior of the encased columns by seven DEM models. The biaxial geogrid used as an encasement material for stone columns was simulated using parallel-bonded particles, and the aggregate in the stone column was simulated using graded particles. Both the macroscopic responses (e.g., vertical pressure–strain curves) and the microscopic interactions (e.g., contact force, coordination number, and sliding fraction) of the columns under unconfined compression were analyzed and are presented in this paper. The numerical results show that the geogrid encasement with high tensile stiffness could provide high confining stresses and then effectively increased the bearing capacity of the column. The short column yielded quickly even though its column modulus at a small deformation was relatively high. The modulus of the column slightly decreased with an increase in the column diameter due to high circumferential strains mobilized in the geogrid encasement. The column with large aggregate was stiffer and deformed less than the column with small aggregate. Selecting aggregate with a size larger than the geogrid aperture size was an effective way to achieve better interlocking between the aggregate and the geogrid and to minimize mass loss for the geogrid-encased stone column under loading. Due to limited deformation allowed by the geogrid encasement, a coefficient of radial stress equal to half of the coefficient of passive earth pressure was suggested to estimate the ultimate bearing capacity of the geosynthetic-encased stone column.  相似文献   

基于粗糙集的交通道路与城镇用地扩展关系分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹峰  宋海荣  葛咏  李德玉 《地球信息科学学报》2010,12(6):791-796

交通道路是城镇用地扩展的重要驱动力因素之一,对城镇用地的扩展具有积极的作用。城镇用地的扩展也不断地对交通道路的发展提出新的需求。目前,众多的数理方法和空间模型已用以研究交通道路与城镇用地扩展之间的相互作用。为了更加有效地分析交通道路与城镇用地扩展的作用关系,以更加有效地研究交通道路与城镇用地扩展的相互作用程度和模式,需进一步探索新的技术方法和手段。本文利用粗糙集理论,以广东省城镇化问题为例,从一个新的角度来研究交通道路与城镇用地扩展之间的关系。结果表明,使用粗糙集抽取的反映交通道路和城镇用地扩展的决策规则可以有效地反映交通道路与城镇用地扩展的关系,对于城镇化的研究具有一定的指导作用。  相似文献   

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谷守周  秘金钟  党亚民 《大地测量与地球动力学》2010,30(2):104-108

????XPL????Ч?????????HPL??VPL??????????????????м?????????????????????HPL??VPL??????????????HPL??VPL?????????С??9 m??12 m?????????12 m??20 m?????????????????????????????????????  相似文献   

欧亚大陆及西太平洋边缘海地区瑞雷波群速度结构与各向异性分布   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

顾勤平  朱介寿  康清清  程先琼  边立恩 《地震学报》2010,32(1):12-22

根据欧亚大陆及西太平洋地区102个数字化台站记录的近万次地震事件的长周期垂直向瑞雷波资料,利用时频分析方法测量并筛选后共得到11213条质量较高的基阶瑞雷波群速度频散资料.纯路径频散的反演中同时计算方位各向异性,反演获得了欧亚大陆及西太平洋边缘海地区(10°E—150°E,10°S—80°N)8—200s共28个周期的瑞雷波群速度及各向异性空间分布图象.瑞雷波高分辨率层析成像表明,30—60s周期,以青藏高原为中心呈极低速分布;100—120s周期,速度差异幅度较大,在东亚东部及西太平洋边缘海,自北向南显示出一条宽2500—4000km,长约8000km的巨型低速异常带.相对海洋来说,欧亚大陆各向异性强度较弱且快波方向较复杂.由于受到印度板块与欧亚板块的碰撞,中国大陆西部的各向异性强度明显大于东部.  相似文献   

甘肃敦煌地区疏勒河尾闾区地下水化学特征及成因分析     

刘德玉  贾贵义  张伟  喻生波  魏玉涛 《地质论评》2022,68(1):181-194

疏勒河尾闾区是护卫敦煌绿洲及文化的生态安全屏障,但是对地下水化学的研究相对较少.本次研究在野外调查及采样测试的基础上,综合运用数理统计、Piper三线图、离子相关性分析、Gibbs图及离子比例系数等方法明确了疏勒河尾闾区的地下水化学特征,并对其成因进行了分析.结果表明:疏勒河尾闾区地下水水质总体呈弱碱性,具有高溶解性总...  相似文献   

Conditioning temperature‐index model parameters on synoptic weather types for glacier melt simulations          下载免费PDF全文

T. Matthews  R. Hodgkins  R. L. Wilby  S. Guðmundsson  F. Pálsson  H. Björnsson  S. Carr 《水文研究》2015,29(6):1027-1045

Temperature‐index models are widely favoured as a pragmatic means of simulating glacier melt because of their generally good performance, computational simplicity and limited demands for in situ data. However, their coefficients are normally treated as temporally stationary, unrealistically assuming a constancy of the prevailing weather. We address this simplification by prescribing model coefficients as a function of synoptic weather type, in a procedure that utilizes reanalysis data and preserves the minimal data requirements of temperature‐index models. Using a cross‐validation procedure at Vestari Hagafellsjökull, Iceland, and Storglaciären, Sweden, we demonstrate that applying transient model coefficients, for three temperature‐index models, results in statistically significant increases in the skill with which melt is modelled: Median simulation improvements in the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient of 7.3 and 23.6% are achieved when hourly and daily melt totals are evaluated respectively. Our weather‐type modelling approach also yields insight to processes driving parameter variability, revealing dependence that is consistent with a priori considerations of the surface energy balance. We conclude that incorporating weather types into temperature‐index models holds promise for improving their performance, as well as enhancing understanding variability in coefficient values. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Impact of climate change on hydrological extremes in the Yangtze River Basin,China   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Huanghe Gu  Zhongbo Yu  Guiling Wang  Jigan Wang  Qin Ju  Chuanguo Yang  Chuanhao Fan 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2015,29(3):693-707

The recent (1970–1999) and future (2070–2099) climates under the SRES A1B scenario, simulated by the regional climate model RegCM4.0 driven with lateral boundary conditions from the ECHAM5 general circulation model, are utilized to force a large-scale hydrological model for assessing the hydrological response to climate changes in the Yangtze River Basin, China. The variable infiltration capacity model (VIC) is utilized to simulate various hydrological components for examining the changes in streamflow at various locations throughout the Yangtze River Basin. In the end of the twenty-first century, most of the Yangtze River Basin stands out as “hotspots” of climate change in China, with an annual temperature increase of approximately 3.5 °C, an increase of annual precipitation in North and a decrease in South. Runoff in the upper reach of Yangtze River is projected to increase throughout the year in the future, especially in spring when the increase will be approximately 30 %. Runoff from the catchments in the northern part of Yangtze River will increase by approximately 10 %, whereas that in the southern part will decrease, especially in the dry season, following precipitation changes. The frequency of extreme floods at three mainstream stations (Cuntan, Yichang, and Datong) is projected to increase significantly. The original extreme floods with return periods of 50, 20, and 10 years will change into floods with return periods of no more than 20, 10, and 5 years. The projected increase in extreme floods will have significant impacts on water resources management and flood control systems in the Yangtze River Basin.  相似文献   

基于残余岩溶强度表征和裂缝预测的碳酸盐岩储层评价——以塔中西部上奥陶统良里塔格组为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵永刚  陈景山  李凌  古永红  张春雨  张栋梁  张文强  周通 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,45(1):25-36

我国目前在碳酸盐岩油气勘探阶段常用的储层分类评价标准已难以满足溶蚀孔洞缝广泛存在及构造裂缝发育的古岩溶储层评价的实际需要。选择塔中西部上奥陶统良里塔格组古岩溶储层, 在系统分析储层特征的基础上, 通过表征残余岩溶和开展构造裂缝预测, 引入残余岩溶强度(R)和岩体破坏接近度系数(η)2个参数, 作为古岩溶储层评价的重要定量指标;并与多项储层地质参数综合, 进一步完善了碳酸盐岩古岩溶储层的分类评价标准, 并用于对该地区良里塔格组叠加型古岩溶储层的评价预测。将本区良里塔格组古岩溶储层划分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ4类, 并应用多因素综合分析叠合成图法在平面上进行储层评价预测, 认为Ⅰ、Ⅱ类储层主要分布于S2井TZ45井TZ12井一带和 Z11井TZ10井TZ11井一带。  相似文献