Formal inversion of ISC arrival times for mantle P-velocity structure     

D. W. Vasco  R. Jay Pulliam  Lane R. Johnson 《Geophysical Journal International》1993,113(3):586-606

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The biogeochemical sulfur cycle in the marine boundary layer over the Northeast Pacific Ocean   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

T. S. Bates  J. E. Johnson  P. K. Quinn  P. D. Goldan  W. C. Kuster  D. C. Covert  C. J. Hahn 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1990,10(1):59-81

The major components of the marine boundary layer biogeochemical sulfur cycle were measured simultaneously onshore and off the coast of Washington State, U.S.A. during May 1987. Seawater dimethylsulfide (DMS) concentrations on the continental shelf were strongly influenced by coastal upwelling. Concentration further offshore were typical of summer values (2.2 nmol/L) at this latitude. Although seawater DMS concentrations were high on the biologically productive continental shelf (2–12 nmol/L), this region had no measurable effect on atmospheric DMS concentrations. Atmospheric DMS concentrations (0.1–12 nmol/m³), however, were extremely dependent upon wind speed and boundary layer height. Although there appeared to be an appreciable input of non-sea-salt sulfate to the marine boundary layer from the free troposphere, the local flux of DMS from the ocean to the atmosphere was sufficient to balance the remainder of the sulfur budget.  相似文献   

Regional hydrogeological screening characteristics used for siting near-surface waste-disposal facilities in Oklahoma,U.S.A.     

Kenneth S. Johnson 《Environmental Geology》1991,17(1):3-7

The Oklahoma Geological Survey has developed several maps and reports for preliminary screening of the state of Oklahoma to identify areas that are generally acceptable or unacceptable for disposal of a wide variety of waste materials. These maps and reports focus on the geologic and hydrogeologic parameters that must be evaluated in the screening process. One map (and report) shows the outcrop distribution of 35 thick shale or clay units that are generally suitable for use as host rocks for surface disposal of wastes. A second map shows the distribution of unconsolidated alluvial and terrace-deposit aquifers, and a third map shows the distribution and hydrologic character of bedrock aquifers and their recharge areas. These latter two maps show the areas in the state where special attention must be exercised in permitting storage or disposal of waste materials that could degrade the quality of groundwater. State regulatory agencies and industry are using these maps and reports in preliminary screening of the state to identify potential disposal sites. These maps in no way replace the need for site-specific investigations to prove (or disprove) the adequacy of a site to safely contain waste materials.  相似文献   

(White) papering over the regional problem: unemployment in Geelong and the federal government response     

Louise Johnson  Steve Wright 《The Australian geographer》1994,25(2):121-125

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Gravity profiles across the Cheyenne Belt, a precambrian crustal suture in southeastern Wyoming     

R.A. Johnson  K.E. Karlstrom  S.B. Smithson  R.S. Houston 《Journal of Geodynamics》1984,1(3-5)

Geologic discontinuities across the Cheyenne Belt of southeastern Wyoming have led to interpretations that this boundary is a major crustal suture separating the Archaean Wyoming Province to the north from accreted Proterozoic island arc terrains to the south. Gravity profiles across the Cheyenne Belt in three Precambrian-cored Laramide uplifts show a north to south decrease in gravity values of 50–100 mgal. These data indicate that the Proterozoic crust is more felsic (less dense) and/or thicker than Archaean crust. Seismic refraction data show thicker crust (48–54 km) in Colorado than in Wyoming (37–41 km). We model the gravity profiles in two ways: 1) thicker crust to the south and a south-dipping ramp in the Moho beneath and just south of the Cheyenne Belt; 2) thicker crust to the south combined with a mid-crustal density decrease of about 0.05 g/cm³. Differences in crustal thickness may have originated 1700 Ma ago because: 1) the gravity gradient is spatially related to the Cheyenne Belt which has been immobile since about 1650 Ma ago; 2) the N-S gradient is perpendicular to the trend of gravity gradients associated with local Laramide uplifs and sub-perpendicular to regional long-wavelength Laramide gradients and is therefore probably not a Laramide feature. Thus, gravity data support the interpretation that the Cheyenne Belt is a Proterozoic suture zone separating terrains of different crustal structure. The gravity “signature” of the Cheyenne Belt is different from “S”-shaped gravity anomalies associated with Proterozoic sutures of the Canadian Shield which suggests fundamental differences between continent-continent and island arc-continent collisional processes.  相似文献   

Noble gas contents of shergottites and implications for the Martian origin of SNC meteorites     

D.D. Bogard  L.E. Nyquist  P. Johnson 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1984,48(9):1723-1739

Isotopic concentrations of the noble gases have been measured in several different phases of Elephant Moraine A79001 and in whole rock samples of Zagami and Allan Hills A77005, three meteorites which belong to the rare group of SNC achondrites that may have originated from the planet Mars. Shocked phases of EETA79001 contain a trapped Ar, Kr, and Xe component characterized by ${}^{84}\text{Kr}{}^{132}\text{Xe}$ ～15, ${}^{40}\text{Ar}{}^{36}\text{Ar}\text{> 2000}$, ${}^{129}\text{Xe}{}^{132}\text{Xe ≥ 2}$, and ${}^4\text{He}{}^{40}\text{Ar}\text{≤ 0.1}$. These elemental and isotopic ratios are unlike those for any other noble gas component except analyses of the Martian atmosphere made by Viking spacecraft. The isotopic composition of the trapped Kr shows an approximate 1% per mass unit enrichment of lighter isotopes compared to terrestrial Kr, and the traped Xe may show either a fission component or a fractionated enrichment of heavier isotopes compared to terrestrial Xe. It is hypothesized that these gases represent a portion of the Martian atmosphere which was shock-implanted into EETA79001, and that they constitute direct evidence of a Martian origin for the shergottite meteorites. Cosmic ray-produced gases in the eight known SNC meteorites form three distinct groups with exposure ages of ～11 MY (Chassigny and the nakhlites), ～2.6 MY (Shergotty, Zagami, and ALHA77005), and ～0.5 MY (EETA79001). These ages suggest three distinct events and cannot have been produced by irradiation for a common time under greatly different shielding. Comparison of cosmogenic ${}^3\text{He}{}^{21}\text{Ne}$ measured in EETA79001 with two independent models for the production of this ratio as a function of shielding indicates that this meteorite was irradiated in space as a relatively small object. If the SNC meteorites were ejected from Mars ～ 180 My ago, the shock age of the shergottites, they must have been relatively large objects (>6 meters diameter) which experienced at least three space collisions to initiate cosmic ray exposure. Ejection from Mars by three events at the times of initiation of cosmic ray exposure would permit the ejected objects to have been much smaller (<1 meter diameter), but would require three such events on 1.3 Gy Martian terraine in the past ～10 MY and would not explain the common 180 MY shock age seen in all four shergottites.  相似文献   

Quasi-Lagrangian diagnostics of a Mediterranean cyclone: Isentropic results     

Prof. Dr. D. R. Johnson  D. K. Hill 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》1987,36(1-4):118-140

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Location Analysis in Ground-Water Remediation Using Neural Networks   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Virginia M. Johnson  Leah L. Rogers 《Ground water》1995,33(5):749-758

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Large-scale volcanic cone collapse: The 1888 slope failure of Ritter volcano,and other examples from Papua New Guinea     

R. W. Johnson 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1987,49(5):669-679

A largely submarine avalanche amphitheatre that formed catastrophically in 1888 on Ritter volcano has been identified from a bathymetric survey. Collapse of the volcano in 1888 therefore is considered to have been caused by rapid, large-scale slope failure, rather than by cauldron subsidence, as previously supposed. Escarpments of pre-historic slope failures are common on other Papua New Guinea volcanoes. Directions of avalanching on some volcanoes in the Bismarck volcanic arc appear to be controlled by a regional stress pattern, and those for some volcanoes in the Fly-Highlands province on mainland Papua New Guinea point away from the regional centre of Pliocene uplift. Large amphitheatres such as at Doma Peaks in the Fly-High-lands province probably originated by multiple collapses.  相似文献   

Comments on P.K. Theobald's Presidential Address, Hannover, 1980     

S. M. Johnson 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1982,17(2)

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