Spatial optimization for regionalization problems with spatial interaction: a heuristic approach   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Kamyoung Kim  Denis J. Dean  Hyun Kim 《International journal of geographical information science》2016,30(3):451-473

Spatial optimization techniques are commonly used for regionalization problems, often represented as p-regions problems. Although various spatial optimization approaches have been proposed for finding exact solutions to p-regions problems, these approaches are not practical when applied to large-size problems. Alternatively, various heuristics provide effective ways to find near-optimal solutions for p-regions problem. However, most heuristic approaches are specifically designed for particular geographic settings. This paper proposes a new heuristic approach named Automated Zoning Procedure-Center Interchange (AZP-CI) to solve the p-functional regions problem (PFRP), which constructs regions by combining small areas that share common characteristics with predefined functional centers and have tight connections among themselves through spatial interaction. The AZP-CI consists of two subprocesses. First, the dissolving/splitting process enhances diversification and thereby produces an extensive exploration of the solution space. Second, the standard AZP locally improves the objective value. The AZP-CI was tested using randomly simulated datasets and two empirical datasets with different sizes. These evaluations indicate that AZP-CI outperforms two established heuristic algorithms: the AZP and simulated annealing, in terms of both solution quality and consistency of producing reliable solutions regardless of initial conditions. It is also noted that AZP-CI, as a general heuristic method, can be easily extended to other regionalization problems. Furthermore, the AZP-CI could be a more scalable algorithm to solve computational intensive spatial optimization problems when it is combined with cyberinfrastructure.  相似文献   

Strength of Rock-Like Specimens with Pre-existing Cracks of Different Length and Width     

Ivan Gratchev  Dong Hyun Kim  Chong Kit Yeung 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2016,49(11):4491-4496

  相似文献   

Morphological characteristics and distribution of Pleuronectidae (Pisces) eggs in the western margin of the East Sea     

Soo Jeong Lee  Jin-Koo Kim 《Ocean Science Journal》2016,51(1):13-20

Seven species of Pleuronectidae (Platichthys stellatus, Kareius bicoloratus, Pseudopleuronectes herzensteini, Microstomus achne, Glyptocephalus stelleri, Hippoglossoides dubius, and Limanda punctatissima) were identified based on eggs collected from the western margin of the East Sea (east coast of Korea), using DNA barcoding. The eggs of P. herzensteini and G. stelleri were relatively widely distributed along the east coast of Korea, whereas those of P. stellatus and K. bicoloratus were narrowly distributed; in particular, the eggs of P. stellatus were restricted to areas near bays. The eggs, which share common morphological characteristics (such as a homogeneous yolk and smooth membrane) were divided into three groups according to egg size: group A (more than 1.60 mm in egg diameter, including genera Hippoglossoides and Microstomus), group B (1.00–1.60 mm, including genera Kareius, Glyptocephalus, and Platichthys), and group C (less than 1.00 mm, including genera Limanda and Pseudopleuronectes). This paper provides an overview of the morphological characteristics of the eggs of the family Pleuronectidae collected from the east coast of Korea. Our approach to the analysis of eggs, based on DNA barcoding, morphological characteristics, and geographic distributions, provides a rapid and accurate basis for identifying spawning areas and spawning periods, thus facilitating the assessment and management of fisheries stocks and resources.  相似文献   

Carbonic anhydrase I in a cartilaginous fish,the shortspine spurdog (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Squalus mitsukurii</Emphasis>)     

Soo Cheol Kim  Kanij Rukshana Sumi  Jung Woo Kim  Myeong Rak Choi  Byung Hwa Min  Kang Hee Kho 《Ocean Science Journal》2016,51(3):373-379

Carbonic anhydrase (CA), a ubiquitous enzyme found in many species, including fishes, is involved in physiological functions such as pH homeostasis, calcification, photosynthesis, and ionic regulation. CA I, a member of the α-CA family, is a cytoplasmic isozyme involved in carbon dioxide transport, ion exchange, and acid-base balance. Approximately half of the extant shark species occur only in deep waters; however, few published studies on sharks include these taxa. As fisheries worldwide enter deeper waters, the provision of biological data for these little-known taxa is critical to their management and conservation. To address this limitation, we aimed to detect CA I in various tissues of the shortspine spurdog (Squalus mitsukurii) and characterize its physicochemical properties by using sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing, together with immunohistochemistry. CA I was detected on SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis as a specific band at 29 kDa in various tissues of the shortspine spurdog, and as a specific band at pI 6.5 in various tissues of the shortspine spurdog by IEF and western blot analysis. CA I immunoreactivity in various tissues of the shortspine spurdog was detected in intracellular locations. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the localization of CA isozymes in various tissues of S. mitsukurii.  相似文献   

Phylogenetic relationship between symbionts of tubeworm <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lamellibrachia satsuma</Emphasis> and the sediment microbial community in Kagoshima Bay     

Ajit Kumar Patra  Hyun Hee Cho  Yong Min Kwon  Kae Kyoung Kwon  Takako Sato  Chiaki Kato  Sung Gyun Kang  Sang-Jin Kim 《Ocean Science Journal》2016,51(3):317-332

Vestimentiferan tubeworms acquire their symbionts through horizontal transmission from the surrounding environment. In the present study, we constructed a 16S rRNA gene clone library to investigate the phylogenetic relationship between diverse microbes in the sediment and symbiotic bacteria in the trophosome of the tubeworm, Lamellibrachia satsuma, from Kagoshima Bay, Japan. Two symbiotic bacterial phylotypes belonging to the classes γ- and ε-Proteobacteria were found from this tubeworm trophosome. They were very closely related to the symbionts of several other marine invertebrates. The most predominant bacteria in the sediment were ε-Proteobacteria. A broad diversity of bacteria belonged to non-proteobacterial phyla such as Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexi was observed. The presence of sulfur oxidizers (i.e., ε-Proteobacteria and γ-Proteobacteria) and sulfur reducers (i.e., δ-Proteobacteria) may play a significant role in the sulfur cycle in these habitats and provide multiple sources of nutrition to the cold-seep communities. Closely related clones of ε-Proteobacteria symbiont in the species level and of γ-Proteobacteria symbiont in the genus level were found in the surrounding sediment. The similarity of symbiont clones of L. satsuma with other symbionts and free-living bacteria suggests the possibility of opportunistic symbiosis in ε-Proteobacteria and the co-evolution of γ-Proteobacteria having occurred after symbiosis with the tubeworms.  相似文献   

Palustrine calcretes of the Cretaceous Gyeongsang Supergroup, Korea: Variation and paleoenvironmental implications   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

In Sung Paik  Hyun Joo Kim 《Island Arc》2003,12(2):110-124

Abstract Mostly siliciclastic lacustrine deposits from five stratigraphically different formations (Jinju Formation, Jindong Formation, Geoncheonri and correlative Hwasan Formations and Dadaepo Formation, in ascending order) in the Cretaceous Gyeongsang Basin, Korea, were examined for aspects of lithofacies and pedogenesis to evaluate the relative influence of geological controls on the development of palustrine calcretes (calcretes formed from palustrine deposits). The pedogenic carbonate development of palustrine deposits in the Gyeongsang Supergroup varies from formation to formation. The highest development is in the Dadaepo Formation and the second is in the Jindong Formation. The lowest development of palustrine calcretes is in the Geoncheonri and Hwasan Formations and the Jinju Formation shows intermediate development. The more negative d¹³C values and the less negative d¹⁸O values of the Dadaepo palustrine calcretes confirm greater pedogenic development in the Dadaepo Formation. That the highest development was in the Dadaepo Formation was attributed to it having the smallest lake size, indicating that lake size is critical to palustrine calcrete development in non‐carbonate lakes under semi‐arid climate. In spite of having the largest lake size, the higher development in the Jindong Formation could have resulted from its lowest lake gradient and most arid paleoclimate. The higher development of palustrine calcretes in the Late Cretaceous deposits (Jindong Formation) than the Early Cretaceous deposits (Jinju Formation) reflect overall increase in aridity throughout the period during the deposition of the Gyeongsang Supergroup. Consequently, the diverse development of the palustrine calcretes in the Gyeongsang Supergroup indicates that the lacustrine settings varied in time and space throughout the evolution of the Cretaceous Gyeongsang Basin. Such variation in palustrine calcrete development according to the change in paleoenvironments may provide a basis to interpret the relative paleoenvironmental condition of lacustrine deposits including paleoclimate, lake size and gradient.  相似文献   

Numerical modeling of tide and tidal current in the kangjin bay,south sea,Korea     

Young Jae Ro  Kwang Young Jung  Woong Sik Jun  Hyun Min Eom 《Ocean Science Journal》2007,42(3):153-163

This study is based on a series of numerical modeling experiments to understand the tidal circulation in the Kangjin Bay (KB). The tidal circulation in the KB is mostly controlled by the inflow from two channels, Noryang and Daebang which introduce the open ocean water into the northern part of the KB with relatively strong tidal current, while in the southern part of the KB, shallowest region of the entire study area, weak tidal current prevails. The model prediction of the sea level agrees with observed records at skill scores exceeding 90 % in terms of the four major tidal constituents (M2, S2, K1, O1). However, the skill scores for the tidal current show relatively lower values of 87, 99, 59, 23 for the semi-major axes of the constituents, respectively. The tidal ellipse parameters in the KB are such that the semi-major axes of the ellipse for M2 range from 1.7 to 38.5 cm/s and those for S2 range from 0.5 to 14.4 cm/s. The orientations of the major-axes show parallel with the local isobath. The eccentricity values at various grid points of ellipses for M2 and S2 are very low with 0.2 and 0.06 on the average, respectively illustrating that the tidal current in the KB is strongly recti-linear. The magnitude of the tidal residual current speed in the KB is on the order of a few cm/s and its distribution pattern is very complex. One of the most prominent features is found to be the counter-clockwise eddy recirculation cell at the mouth of the Daebang Channel.  相似文献   

Effects of several salt marsh plants on mouse spleen and thymus cell proliferation using mtt assay     

Youngwan Seo  Hee-Jung Lee  You Ah Kim  Hyun Joo Youn  Burm-Jong Lee 《Ocean Science Journal》2005,40(4):209-212

In the present study, we have tested the effects of 21 salt marsh plants on cell proliferation of mouse immune cells (spleen and thymus) using MTT assay in culture. The methanolic extracts of six salt marsh plants (Rosa rugosa, Ixeris tamagawaensis, Artemisia capillaris, Tetragonia tetragonoides, Erigeron annus, and Glehnia littoralis) showed very powerful suppressive effects of mouse immune cell death and significant activities of cell proliferationin vitro. Especially, the methanolic extract ofRosa rugosa was found to have fifteen times compared to the control treatment, demonstrating that Rosa rugosa may have a potent stimulation effect on immune cell proliferation. These results suggest that several salt marsh plants includingRosa rugosa could be useful for further study as an immunomodulating agent.  相似文献   

Metal and transuranic records in mussel shells, byssal threads and tissues     

Minoru Koide  Dong Soo Lee  Edward D. Goldberg 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1982,15(6)

Bivalve shells offer several advantages over tissues for the monitoring of heavy metal pollutants in the marine environment. They are easier to handle and to store. The problem of whether to depurate the animals before analyses is avoided. The shells appear to be more sensitive to environmental heavy metals levels over the long term than do the soft parts. Of the substances examined (Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ag, Ni, ²³⁸Pu and ^{239 + 240}Pu) only Pb and Pu displayed a strong covariance between soft tissue and shell concentrations. There were strong correlations between metals in the shell but not in the soft tissues in general. The byssal threads, because of their enrichment of transuranic elements and of their ease in handling, may be useful in monitoring these metals. A very weak discharge of ²³⁸Pu to marine waters adjacent to a nuclear reactor was detected in the byssal threads of mussels.  相似文献   

Redescription of free-living marine nematode, dracograllus filipjevi allen and noffsinger, 1978 (nematoda: draconematidae) from korea     

Hyun Soo Rho  Dong-Sung Kim  Won Kim 《Ocean Science Journal》2006,41(3):163-173

A draconematid nematode species,Dracograllus filipjevi Allen and Noffsinger, 1978, is described from the washings of shallow littoral coralline algae at Guryongpo in the eastern coast of Korea. This species is recognized by the following characteristics: larger body size, number of posterior sublateral adhesion tubes (9 in male and 12-13 in female) and subventral adhesion tubes (8-9 in male and 9-10 in female), the absence of cephalic acanthiform setae on rostrum, the presence of longitudinally areolated body cuticle with dot-like punctations, the presence of some cuticular collar in swollen pharyngeal region, the shape of amphidial fovea (large, elongate, and loop-shaped in both sexes), the absence of preanal corniform setae, and the absence of lateral differentiation on narrow body region. Morphological features of the species using differential interference contrast photomicrographs are described in detail in the present work. This is the first report ofD. filipjevi in Korea.  相似文献