Origin of Carboniferous sandstones fringing the northern margin of the Wales‐Brabant Massif: insights from detrital zircon ages     

Andrew Morton  Colin Waters  Mark Fanning  Ian Chisholm  Matt Brettle 《Geological Journal》2015,50(5):553-574

A study of detrital zircon age populations in Namurian–Westphalian (Carboniferous) sandstones in the southern Central Pennine Basin of the UK has revealed considerable complexity in their provenance history. The Pendleian–Marsdenian Morridge Formation, which is known to have been derived from the Wales‐Brabant Massif to the south on the basis of palaeocurrent and petrographic information, is dominated by zircons ultimately derived from the Caledonian belt to the north. These zircons were recycled from sandstones of northern origin that had been previously deposited over the massif during Middle to Late Devonian times. The Morridge Formation also includes Late Neoproterozoic zircons of local Wales‐Brabant Massif origin. The south lobe of the Yeadonian Rough Rock has been previously interpreted as having a complex provenance including sediment of northern origin interbedded with sediment ascribed to a Wales‐Brabant Massif source. However, the zircon spectrum lacks a Late Neoproterozoic component that would have been diagnostic of input from the Wales‐Brabant Massif, and the provenance history of the Rough Rock south lobe therefore remains enigmatic. The Langsettian Ludgbridge Conglomerate is dominated by Late Neoproterozoic zircons of Wales‐Brabant Massif origin, but even in this evidently proximal deposit, the provenance is complex since the main zircon group (ca. 640 Ma) cannot be matched with known local Neoproterozoic basement sources. The data either indicate the presence of hitherto‐unknown magmatic rocks of this age adjacent to the South Staffordshire coalfield or indicate that the zircons were recycled from sediment with a more distal origin. Finally, the Duckmantian Top Hard Rock contains zircons that can be reconciled with a source in the Irish Caledonides, consistent with the palaeocurrent evidence, supplemented by zircons derived from the Wales‐Brabant Massif, possibly including the Monian Composite Terrane of Anglesey. The study reinforces the important message that failure to recognize the presence of recycled zircon could lead to erroneous reconstructions of sediment provenance and transport history. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

On the use of marine radar imagery for estimation of properties of the directional spectrum of the sea surface     

Joseph R. Buckley  Morton Allingham  Réjean Michaud 《大气与海洋》2013,51(1):195-213

Abstract

The “sea clutter” observable on a standard marine navigation radar has long been recognized as a potential source of information about sea state. In the last decade a number of researchers have published “directional wave spectra” calculated from marine radar images. Our group has continued this line of research using a unique radar system that digitizes and stores radar images eight bits deep directly related to the strength of the radar backscatter.

Our system was deployed on the CSS Hudson during the Grand Banks ERS‐1 SAR Wave Spectrum Validation Experiment cruise in November 1991. We collected in excess of 3000 sea surface backscatter images. From this dataset we have produced a number of directional spectra in an effort to understand the performance of the sensor and to compare it with other wave determining instruments and models.

Analysis has shown a strong azimuthal asymmetry both in the strength of the backscattered signal and in the relative strength of spectral peaks. This asymmetry is similar inform to that observed in scatterometer data. Unbiased estimation of the “true” image spectrum requires removal of these asymmetries. This estimation has been accomplished through calculation and removal of a non‐linear multi‐parameter least‐squares model of the backscatter from each image, and averaging of spectra from many look directions. The resulting spectra compare favourably with those calculated from directional wave buoy data, satellite and aircraft SARs and other directional wave measurements and models.  相似文献   

Recent developments with the Anglo-Australian Telescope     

Donald C. Morton 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1986,118(1-2):31-33

This report describes the instruments currently available on the 3.9 m Anglo-Australian Telescope, with particular reference to the recent additions of optical fibres for multi-object spectroscopy, a low resolution spectrograph with a red-sensitive charge-coupled device and software for obtaining infrared images by scanning the telescope in synchronism with the recording of data from the InSb photometer.Paper presented at the IAU Third Asian-Pacific Regional Meeting, held in Kyoto, Japan, between 30 September–6 October, 1984.  相似文献   

Using Points of Presence to Measure Accessibility to the Commercial Internet   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tony H. Grubesic  Morton E. O'Kelly 《The Professional geographer》2002,54(2):259-278

As the Internet continues to grow, questions of accessibility and infrastructure equity persist. In the increasingly competitive telecommunications industry, profit-seeking firms continue to upgrade infrastructure in select market areas creating an uneven spatial distribution of access opportunities. This article utilizes a longitudinal database of Internet infrastructure development, highlighting fiber-optic backbone points of presence (POP) established by commercial Internet service providers to examine city accessibility to the commercial Internet. Results indicate that many larger metropolitan areas maintain dominant shares of telecom infrastructure, but several midsized metros are emerging as important centers for telecommunication interconnection.  相似文献   

Mixed integer–real least squares estimation for precise GNSS positioning using a modified ambiguity function approach     

Krzysztof?NowelEmail authorView author&#;s OrcID profile  S?awomir?Cellmer  Dawid?Kwa?niak 《GPS Solutions》2018,22(1):31

Mixed integer–real least squares (MIRLS) estimation still has two open scientific problems, i.e., the validation of results and computational efficiency for a large number of satellites. This paper presents and discusses a non-conventional approach to MIRLS estimation, which belongs to the ambiguity function method (AFM) class. Because the solution is searched for in the constant three-dimensional coordinate domain instead of the n-dimensional ambiguity domain, the computational efficiency does not depend as much on the number of satellites as it does in conventional MIRLS estimation. Simple numerical pretests have shown that the reliability and precision of results from the presented approach and the conventional MIRLS estimation are exactly the same. Hence, the presented approach, contrary to AFM, may be treated as MIRLS estimation. Furthermore, the presented approach is a few hundred times faster than AFM and may be considered in (near) real-time GNSS positioning. In light of the above, the new field of research on MIRLS estimation may be opened.  相似文献   

Geochemical processes and mobilization of toxic metals and metalloids in an As-rich base metal waste pile in Zimapán,Central Mexico     

M.A. Armienta  G. Villaseñor  O. Cruz  N. Ceniceros  A. Aguayo  O. Morton 《Applied Geochemistry》2012

The geochemistry and mineralogy of samples collected along depth profiles from an As-rich tailing deposit with abundant calcite was studied to determine the processes that influence the mobility of Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cd, As, Sb, Cr and Tl. In spite of their near neutral pH, almost all of them are acid potential generators. Total concentrations decreased as: Fe > As > Zn > Pb > Cu > Sb > Cd > Cr > Ni > Tl. Soluble contents were lower and followed a slightly different order. Mobility decreased as: Tl > Cd, Zn, Cu, Sb, Ni, As > Fe, Pb > Cr. Higher soluble concentrations of Fe, Cu, Zn, As, Pb, and Ni were found in low-pH samples and of Sb and Tl in near-neutral samples. Sulfide oxidation processes are developing in the tailing’s dam. These processes do not have a trend with depth but occur mainly in acid layers. Near neutral layers formed by primary sulfides and calcite probably correspond to wastes produced from the processing of ore coming mainly from pods within the skarn, and acid layers with abundant secondary minerals from material mined from chimneys and mantos. The presence of calcite influences speciation, neutralizes acid mine drainage (AMD), and decreases the mobility of most toxic metals and metalloids (TMMs). However, a hard-pan layer was not observed in the studied profiles. Retention of TMM within tailings probably occurs through the formation of low solubility metal carbonates and from elevation of pH that promotes Fe hydroxides precipitation that may retain As, Sb and metals. Calcite occurrence promotes As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cd and Cr retention, does not play a role on Tl and Ni mobilization, and increases Sb release.  相似文献   

One small step…     

Brian Morton 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(3):317-318

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Let's hear it for the birdwatchers!     

Morton B 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(1):1-2

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Hong Kong’s Small House Policy. A land and marine coastline conservation disaster in the making     

Brian Morton 《Marine pollution bulletin》2014

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Modeling incompatible trace-element abundances in plagioclase in the Skaergaard intrusion using the trapped liquid shift effect     

R.?Grant?CawthornEmail authorView author&#;s OrcID profile  Christian?Tegner 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2017,172(11-12):93

Incompatible trace-element abundances in minerals and whole rocks from layered intrusions have been used to model the fractionation processes and evolving liquid compositions. Many such models assume that the analyzed concentration in a mineral represents that of the mineral when it first crystallized. However, overgrowth from residual liquid and subsequent diffusive equilibration can result in significant changes to the bulk mineral compositions (the more incompatible the element the more dramatic the subsequent changes). The proportion of that residual liquid relative to the cumulus minerals is the most important parameter in determining the magnitude of this effect (trapped liquid shift effect). Calculations involving Ba and La contents in plagioclase quantitatively demonstrate this effect. For Ba and La (partition coefficients of 0.4 and 0.04), 50% trapped liquid in a sample can result in two and sevenfold increases, respectively, in concentration between original and final bulk mineral compositions. Different cumulus assemblages also have a major effect on final compositions. We use examples of the concentrations of Ba and La in plagioclase from the Skaergaard intrusion from previous publications to illustrate the importance of this effect. Specifically, the La content of bulk plagioclase steadily decreases upward from the Lower Zone to Upper Zone c, and Ba in plagioclase shows no increase from the Lower Zone to the top of the Middle Zone. Such results are not explicable by fractionation processes, but can be modeled by the trapped liquid shift effect, assuming the well-established evidence for upward decrease in trapped liquid proportion through these zones.  相似文献