能量研究表明蜥脚类恐龙腕龙属不可能是内温动物     

Weav.  JC 杨绥华 《国外地质(成都)》1991,(1):27-34

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烃的垂向运移—油气勘探的一个重要参数     

Prat.  JC 张萍 《国外石油地质》1992,(1):21-33

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以巴西两矿床为例,论红土风化作用在地球化学勘探中的意义     

帕里.  JC 陆李萍 《江苏地质科技情报》1989,(6):1-5

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怀俄明西南部天然碱采矿区1995年2月3日5.1级地震事件     

Pech.  JC 盛小青 《地壳构造与地壳应力》1997,(4):31-41

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基于A-Train综合资料的云顶高度反演研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李冠林  严卫  王蕊  韩丁  陆文  万应虎  里巍 《气象》2016,42(8):971-979

提出一种适用性较强的云顶高度反演方法。利用2007年低纬地区(15°S~15°N)的A-Train综合资料反演云顶高度。首先以M0DIS通道31和通道32的亮温值为特征参数,基于SVM分类法,将云分为不透明云、半透明云和透明云三类,分类准确率达到90.6%。然后对三类云分别用核回归法反演云顶高度,将其与CloudSat的2B-GEOPROF-LIDAR产品对比,均方根误差分别为0.95、1.17和1.27 km。与未分类的核回归法结果相比,分类后三种云的反演误差都有所减小。最后分析了三个典型个例。该方法可推广至其他含有红外分裂窗通道的卫星上,发挥更多卫星资源的效用。  相似文献   

Extreme supersaturation of nitrous oxide in a poorly ventilated Antarctic lake   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Priscu JC  Downes MT  McKay CP 《Limnology and oceanography》1996,41(7):1544-1551

Lake Bonney, a permanently ice-covered Antarctic lake, has a middepth maximum N2O concentration of 41.6 micromoles N (>580,000% saturation with respect to the global average mixing ratio of N2O) in its east lobe, representing the highest level yet reported for a natural aquatic system. Atmospheric N2O over the lake was 45% above the global average, indicating that this lake is an atmospheric source of N2O. Apparent N2O production (ANP) was correlated with apparent oxygen utilization (AOU), and denitrification was not detectable, implying that nitrification is the primary source for this gas. The slope of a regression of ANP on AOU revealed that potential N2O production per unit of potential O2 consumed in the east lobe of Lake Bonney is at least two orders of magnitude greater than reported for the ocean. The maximum yield ratio for N2O [ANP/(NO2(-) + NO3-)] in Lake Bonney is 26% (i.e. 1 atom of N appears in N2O for every 3.9 atoms appearing in oxidized N), which exceeds previous reports for pelagic systems, being similar to values from reduced sediments. Areal N2O flux from the lake to the atmosphere is >200 times the areal flux reported for oceanic systems; most of this gas apparently enters the atmosphere through a small moat that occupies approximately 3% of the surface of the lake and exists for approximately 10 weeks in summer.  相似文献   

Experimental simulation of Titan's organic chemistry at low temperature     

de Vanssay E  Gazeau MC  Guillemin JC  Raulin F 《Planetary and Space Science》1995,43(1-2):25-31

A wide range of experiments has already been carried out to simulate the chemical evolution of Titan. Such experiments can provide useful information on the possible nature of minor constituents, mostly organic, likely to be present in Titan's atmosphere. Indeed, all but one of the organic compounds already detected in Titan's atmosphere have been identified in simulation experiments. The exception, C4N2, as well as other compounds expected in Titan from theoretical modeling, such as other N-organics, mainly CH2N2, and polyynes, namely C6H2, have never been detected in experimental simulation. It turned out that these compounds were thermally unstable, and the temperature conditions used during the simulation experiments (including conditions used for chemical analysis) were not appropriate. We have recently started a new program of simulation experiments using temperature conditions close to those of Titan's environment, more compatible with the build-up and detection of organics only stable at low temperature. Spark discharge of N2-CH4 gas mixtures was carried out at low temperature in the range of 100-150 K. The analysis of the obtained products was performed through FTIR, GC and GC-MS techniques. GC-peak identification was done owing to its mass spectrum and, in most cases, by comparison of the retention time and of the mass spectrum with standards. We report here the first detection in Titan's simulation experiments of C6H2. Its abundance is a few 10(-2) relative to C4H2. We also report a tentative identification of HC5N (to be confirmed by use of standard) with an abundance of a few 10(-2) relative to HC3N. The possible presence of HC5N suggested by our work provides the occurrence of very novel pathways in the formation of Titan's organic aerosols, involving not only C and H but also N atoms.  相似文献   

The photolysis of NH3 in the presence of substituted acetylenes: a possible source of oligomers and HCN on Jupiter     

Ferris JP  Jacobson RR  Guillemin JC 《Icarus》1992,95(1):54-59

Photolysis of NH3 in the presence of propyne yields dimethylketazine (4) as the main product along with dimethylketimine, isopropylamine, and propioazine (7). Dimethylketazine and isopropylamine are the principal reaction products when the photolysis is performed at 198 K. The conversion to dimethylketazine is about 35 times greater at 198 K because it is not volatile and condenses on the wall of the photolysis cell out of the UV flux. Photolysis of dimethylketazine at 185 nm yields acetonitrile and small amounts of N-methyldimethylketimine (8). Photolysis of 8 gives acetonitrile. Photolysis of NH3 in the presence of 2-butyne gives the cis and trans isomers of 2-butene as the principal products along with the corresponding azine (9). Photolysis of azine 9 yields acetonitrile and propionitrile. Photolysis of hydrazine in the presence of propyne yields acetonitrile and isopropylamine but no azines were detected as reaction products. Quantum yields and percentage conversion to products are reported. These studies show that acetylenic hydrocarbons formed by the photolysis of methane in the stratosphere of Jupiter may react with radicals formed by NH3 photolysis to give nonvolatile yellow-brown polymers, dialkylazines, alkylnitriles, and eventually HCN. This scenario accounts for the observation of both HCN and chromophores on Jupiter.  相似文献   

Return of the coral reef hypothesis: basin to shelf partitioning of CaCO3 and its effect on atmospheric CO2     

Opdyke BN  Walker JC 《Geology》1992,20(8):733-736

Differences in the rate of coral reef carbonate deposition from the Pleistocene to the Holocene may account for the Quaternary variation of atmospheric CO2. Volumes of carbonate associated with Holocene reefs require an average deposition rate of 2.0 x 10(13) mol/yr for the past 5 ka. In light of combined riverine, midocean ridge, and ground-water fluxes of calcium to the oceans of 2.3 x 10(13) mol/yr, the current flux of calcium carbonate to pelagic sediments must be far below the Pleistocene average of 1.2 x 10(13) mol/yr. We suggest that sea-level change shifts the locus of carbonate deposition from the deep sea to the shelves as the normal glacial-interglacial pattern of deposition for Quaternary global carbonates. To assess the impact of these changes on atmospheric CO2, a simple numerical simulation of the global carbon cycle was developed. Atmospheric CO2 as well as calcite saturation depth and sediment responses to these carbonate deposition changes are examined. Atmospheric CO2 changes close to those observed in the Vostok ice core, approximately 80 ppm CO2, for the Quaternary are observed as well as the approximate depth changes in percent carbonate of sediments measured in the Pacific Ocean over the same time interval.  相似文献   

Impact of the Aegean Sea oil spill on the subtidal fine sand macrobenthic community of the Ares-Betanzos Ria (Northwest Spain)     

Gesteira JL  Dauvin JC 《Marine environmental research》2005,60(3):289-316

Two sites located in the sublittoral fine-sand macrobenthic community of the Ares-Betanzos Ria were sampled over four years (December 1992-November 1996) in the wake of the Aegean Sea oil spill. This sampling revealed that the petroleum had affected the structure and abundance of this community, as well as the number of taxa present. In this context, the results of the biotic index and the biotic coefficient were insufficient; however, study of the synthetic parameters, particularly through multivariate analysis, showed that the community went through three successive and distinct phases over time. A short period of high mortality in some species, especially amphipods, was followed by a period of low abundance that lasted until the spring of 1995. A period of recovery began in the second half of 1995 and continued through to the end of 1996, when the survey ended. The community showed a gradual evolution back towards the conditions observed immediately after the spill, when abundance of the more resistant species was still high. Despite this similarity, the last period exhibits a new structure, clearly separate from the two previous periods. This study provides information about the short-term effects of the Aegean Sea oil spill on the fine sand bottoms of the sites surveyed in the Ares-Betanzos Ria. This information could also serve as a baseline for identifying the effects of a more recent accident, the Prestige oil spill, in which similar communities in other Galician rias were polluted in 2002-2003.  相似文献