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81.
Résumé Dans ce travail on fait l'étude minéralogique des matériaux sédimentaires de deux formations du Tertiaire continental de la Péninsule Ibérique: la masse miocène du Tertiaire de Castille et l'ensemble miocène — oligocène du Tertiaire d'Estrémadoure.Des résultats obtenus par l'étude des minéraux lourds, on deduit: 1. la provenance des matériaux et leurs caractéristiques; 2. on etablit, pour le Tertiaire de Castille, des cycles locaux dans le procès général sédimentaire; 3. on définit deux formations: autochtone et allochtone, dans l'ensemble sédimentaire de l'Estrémadoure; 4. on reconnait des possibles variations paléoclimatiques.  相似文献   
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ABSTRACT

The northern zone of the Chon Aike Igneous Province, located in the North Patagonian Massif, exhibits extensive outcrops of Jurassic volcanic rocks of the Marifil Formation. In the Arroyo Verde area, the initial volcanic stage of the Marifil Formation, that we denominate V0 (192.6 ± 2.5 Ma), includes coulées, megabreccias and lapilli tuffs assigned to plinian-type volcanism. This magmatism was generated by cold-wet-oxidized magmas that resemble those produced in active continental margins and volcanic arcs. The second stage, located unconformably over the first, includes welded lava-like ignimbrites, massive lapilli tuff and rhyolitic lava flow that resemble the Snake River-type volcanism. The magma that produces this volcanic stage exhibit the characteristics of hot-dry-reduced magmas emplaced in intraplate continental environments associated with continental rifting. This stage coincides with the V1 volcanic episode early recorded in the Marifil Formation.  相似文献   
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The spatial distribution and diel vertical migration of fish larvae were studied in relation to the environmental conditions off NW Iberia during May 2002. Larvae from 23 families were identified, the most abundant were the Clupeidae, Gobiidae, Callionymidae, Blenniidae, Sparidae and Labridae. Sardina pilchardus was the most abundant species, mean concentrations 1 order of magnitude higher than the other fish larvae species. Larval horizontal distribution was mainly related to upwelling-driven circulation, resulting in an offshore increase of larval abundance while the vertical distribution was closely associated to the Western Iberia Buoyant Plume. Despite this general trend, taxon-specific relationships between the distribution of larvae and environmental variables were observed, and temperature was an important regressor explaining the distribution of most taxa. A comparison between ichthyoplankton samples collected alternatively with the LHPR and Bongo nets resulted in captures of larvae ≈1 order of magnitude higher for the LHPR, probably related to its higher towing speed. The spatial distribution and relative composition of larvae were also different for both nets, although the most frequent/abundant groups were the same. A fixed station sampled for 69-h showed diel vertical migrations performed by the larvae, with the highest larval concentrations occurring at surface layers during the night and most larvae being found in the neuston layer only during that period.  相似文献   
85.
Talitrid amphipods are the most abundant herbivores on exposed sandy beaches. Despite their important role as trophic intermediates between macrophytes and higher levels (i.e. insect and bird) of beach food webs, very little information is available on their feeding patterns. The main aim of this study was to investigate intraspecific differences in the feeding behaviour of Talitrus saltator. We tested the hypotheses that: (1) adult females and males showed different isotope signatures and therefore relied on different sources of food; and (2) patterns of variation of isotope signatures of juveniles differed from those of adult specimens, evidencing a diet shift during the development. We used stable isotope signatures and tested for differences upon the level on the shore, times of the year and beaches experiencing similar morpho-dynamic and environmental conditions. Finally, we investigated the trophic significance of macrophyte detritus in the diet of males, females and juveniles. Results showed that adult males had a more variable diet than females and juveniles (inferred from δ13C and δ15N values). Dual-isotope graphs suggested that Sargassum muticum and Cystoseira baccata wrack could be among the main food sources for both juvenile and adult stage.  相似文献   
86.
On Christmas Day 1704, at 17 h (UT), a meteorite fell in Terrassa (about 25 km NW of Barcelona). The meteorite fall was seen and heard by many people over an area of several hundred kilometers and it was recorded in several historical sources. In fact, it was interpreted as a divine sign and used for propaganda purposes during the War of the Spanish Succession. Although it was believed that meteorite fragments were never preserved, here we discuss the recent discovery of two fragments (49.8 and 33.7 g) of the Barcelona meteorite in the Salvador Cabinet collection (Botanic Institute of Barcelona). They are very well preserved and partially covered by a fresh fusion crust, which suggests a prompt recovery, shortly after the fall. Analysis of the fragments has revealed that the Barcelona meteorite is an L6 ordinary chondrite. These fragments are among the oldest historical meteorites preserved in the world.  相似文献   
87.
Summary The empirical rainfall distributions of 42 monthly time series in Spain, for both raw data and for residual series, after removing the seasonal component, were fitted with six theoretical distribution functions (d f's). The distributions were fitted with 2, 3, and 4 parameters, which had been used previously with meteorological variables. The parameters of the probability density functions were calculated using maximum likelihood estimation procedures, and six statistics were examined to identify the bestd f to fit each series.The observations {X t},t = 1,,N were assumed to consist of a seasonal componentS t described by an harmonic process model, whose frequencies, number of terms, amplitudes and phases are unknown constants, plus a residualY t which is a general linear process (for example, an autoregressive, moving-average, or mixed autoregressive/movingaverage process).The frequencies and number of terms in the harmonic process were chosen via a periodicity test, the Siegel test (1980). This is essentially a uniparametric family of periodicity tests which contains the Fisher test as a special case, which improves the results of the latter in cases of simultaneous periodicity at several frequencies. The remaining unknown parameters were determined by regression analysis.It is well known that precipitation has a positively skewed, non-Gaussian distribution. However, the results obtained here show that while the statistical techniques used to eliminate the seasonal component do not require the original data normal distribution, when they are normally distributed the quality of the estimates is better.With 7 Figures  相似文献   
88.
A catalogue of ionized gas velocity fields for a sample of 30 spiral and irregular galaxies of the Virgo cluster has been obtained by using 3D optical data. The aim of this survey is to study the influence of high-density environments on the gaseous kinematics of local cluster galaxies. Observations of the Hα line by means of Fabry–Perot interferometry have been performed at the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope, European Southern Observatory 3.6-m telescope, Observatoire de Haute-Provence 1.93-m telescope and Observatoire du mont Mégantic telescope at angular and spectral samplings from 0.4 to 1.6 arcsec and 7 to 16 km s−1. A recently developed, automatic and adaptive spatial binning technique is used to reach a nearly constant signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) over the whole field of view, allowing us to keep a high spatial resolution in high-S/N regions and extend the detection of signal in low-S/N regions. This paper is part of a series and presents the integrated emission-line and velocity maps of the galaxies. Both Hα morphologies and kinematics exhibit signs of perturbations in the form of, for example, external filaments, inner and nuclear spiral- and ring-like structures, inner kinematical twists, kinematical decoupling of a nuclear spiral, streaming motions along spiral arms and misalignment between kinematical and photometric orientation axes.  相似文献   
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