Late Holocene sea-level changes in the northwest Tuamotu islands, French Polynesia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Paolo Antonio Pirazzoli  Lucien Franois Montaggioni 《Quaternary Research》1986,25(3)

Field surveys of several sea-level indicators (exposed in situ reef framework, conglomerates, coral colonies and Tridacna shells in a growth position, sea-corrosion notches) carried out on six atolls from the NW Tuamotus (Mataiva, Rangiroa, Arutua, Kaukura, Apataki and Takapoto) and data from four subsurface boreholes drilled through Mataiva show that during the late Holocene mean sea level (MSL) reached a maximum elevation at approximately + 0.9 m. It remained above the present MSL from between 6000 and 5500 yr B.P. until at least 1200 yr B.P. Human settlements on the atolls were extremely unlikely and probably impossible throughout this time. The area investigated seems to have been tectonically quite stable during the late Holocene. A local curve of MSL variations may be representative of the regional eustatic pattern.  相似文献   

Globular clusters as tracers of stellar bimodality in elliptical galaxies: the case of NGC 1399     

Juan C. Forte  Favio Faifer  Doug Geisler 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,357(1):56-68

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Circulation Features Associated with the Record-breaking Typhoon Silence in August 2014     

Jianpu BIAN  Juan FANG  Guanghua CHEN  Chengji LIU 《大气科学进展》2018,35(10):1321-1336

Climatologically, August is the month with the most tropical cyclone(TC) formation over the western North Pacific(WNP) during the typhoon season. In this study, the reason for abnormal TC activity during August is discussed—especially August 2014, when no TCs formed. The large-scale background of August 2014 is presented, with low-level large-scale easterly anomalies and anticyclonic anomalies dominating over the main TC genesis region, a weak monsoon trough system,and a strong WNP subtropical high(WPSH), leading to significantly reduced low-level convergence, upper-level divergence,and mid-level upward motion. These unfavorable large-scale conditions suppressed convection and cyclogenesis. In August2014, equatorial waves were inactive within the negative phase of the Madden–Julian Oscillation(MJO), with fewer tropical disturbances. Although the low-level vorticity and convection of those disturbances were partly promoted by the convective envelopes of equatorial waves, the integral evolution of disturbances, as well as the equatorial waves, were suppressed when propagating into the negative MJO phase. Moreover, the upper-level potential vorticity(PV) streamers associated with anticyclonic Rossby wave breaking events imported extratropical cold and dry air into the tropics. The peripheral tropospheric dryness and enhanced vertical wind shear by PV streamer intrusion combined with the negative MJO phase were responsible for the absence of TC formation over the WNP in August 2014.  相似文献   

基于互联网数据的住宿业竞争力及其空间格局——以武汉主城区高端酒店为例     

王娟  李亚娟  吕丽  胡静  张祥 《地理科学进展》2018,37(10):1405-1415

随着互联网的发展,利用互联网数据来研究城市实体空间问题成为城市地理学研究内容和研究方法的新切入点。本文基于互联网消费平台点评数据、互联网地图实时交通数据和城市兴趣点等数据,在建立住宿业竞争力评价指标体系的基础上,计算武汉主城区高端酒店竞争力得分和排名,并探求住宿业竞争力的空间分布特征和布局模式。研究发现：①武汉高端酒店竞争力得分总体较为集中。价格、人气、周边商业和商务服务是酒店之间竞争力差距的主要因素;②武汉高端酒店竞争力投射在空间上总体呈现点状聚集与线形延伸并存的格局,竞争力高分酒店主要集中在二环线内的武昌和汉口;③随着酒店竞争力等级的下降,酒店空间格局呈现由城市中心向四周递减的圈层式发展规律,高等级酒店大多出现在新兴商业区;④本文归纳了武汉主城区高端酒店竞争力空间分布模型,得出中央活动区新兴商圈顶级高端酒店、中央活动区传统商圈中级高端酒店、交通门户周边中级高端酒店等7种住宿业空间格局类型。  相似文献   

A formal framework for the representation of stack-based terrains     

Alejandro Graciano  Antonio Jesús Rueda  Francisco Ramón Feito 《International journal of geographical information science》2018,32(10):1999-2022

This paper presents a formal framework for the representation of three-dimensional geospatial data and the definition of common geographic information system (GIS) spatial operations. We use the compact stack-based representation of terrains (SBRT) in order to model geological volumetric data, both at the surface and subsurface levels, thus preventing the large storage requirements of regular voxel models. The main contribution of this paper is fitting the SBRT into the geo-atom theory in a seamless way, providing it with a sound formal geographic foundation. In addition we have defined a set of common spatial operations on this representation using the tools provided by map algebra. More complex geoprocessing operations or geophysical simulations using the SBRT as representation can be implemented as a composition of these fundamental operations. Finally a data model and an implementation extending the coverage concept provided by the Geography Markup Language standard are suggested. Geoscientists and GIS professionals can take advantage of this model to exchange and reuse geoinformation within a well-specified framework.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地西北部石千峰组沉积特征及沉积—层序模式     

张翔  田景春  陈洪德  侯明才  刘娟 《地层学杂志》2008,32(4)

根据沉积学、地球物理和地球化学等标志,确定研究区石千峰组为辫状河、曲流河、三角洲和湖泊的沉积类型。在沉积特征研究的基础上,进行层序界面的识别和划分,进而在研究区石千峰组内划分并识别出短期、中期、长期、超长期4种类型的旋回层序。通过对各级别层序特征的详细研究,表明中期基准面旋回与沉积体系有很好的响应关系,表现为辫状河和曲流河具有A1和A2型中期基准面变化特征,三角洲平原、三角洲前缘和湖泊沉积分别具有C1、C2、C3和B型的响应特征。结合研究区石千峰期由北至南发育河流—三角洲—湖泊的古地理展布特征,最终将这些丰富的地质信息以沉积—层序模式进行了概括,表现为由北至南发育河流—三角洲—湖泊的沉积类型,具有A1-A2-C1-C2-C3-B型的层序响应特征。建立的这样一套等时模式,能更详尽的了解研究区生储盖的时空配置关系,为下一步油气勘探提供地质依据。  相似文献   

华北地台中元古代串岭沟组页岩中的砂脉构造:17亿年前甲烷气逃逸的沉积标识?   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

史晓颖  蒋干清  张传恒  刘娟  高林志 《地球科学》2008,33(5)

华北地台中元古界串岭沟组暗色页岩中发育一种特殊的砂质脉状构造;层面上表现为不规则密集分布的细砂脊,垂向上由不连续薄砂层和近于直立的"肠状"砂脉体相交互组成.浅色砂脉由较纯的石英粉砂-细砂组成,含微量自生白云石、菱铁矿及微晶碳酸盐岩斑块,与黑色泥质围岩边界截然.研究表明,砂脉构造可能是在早期成岩阶段前由来自薄砂层的细-粉砂灌入甲烷缓慢逃逸通道而成,并由于压实缩短而褶皱成"肠状".薄砂层与黑色页岩形成的能量条件完全不同,可能系由风暴将海岸带或砂坝细砂带入低能环境而形成;甲烷源自沉积中埋藏的微生物席腐烂分解.围岩层面有微生物席成因微皱痕和气体逃逸形成的气泡构造,围岩中发现有细菌化石和草霉状黄铁矿.串岭沟组中密集发育的砂脉构造是目前地层中识别的最古老的甲烷排放证据,并有可能作为指示地质时期陆源碎屑沉积环境甲烷逃逸的沉积标识.大量高效温室气体进入大气圈可能是导致元古宙地球表层高温室气候和无冰川发育的重要原因.  相似文献   

Diamondiferous peridotitic microxenoliths from the Diavik Diamond Mine, NT     

Steven Creighton  Thomas Stachel  Hayley McLean  Karlis Muehlenbachs  Antonio Simonetti  Dave Eichenberg  Robert Luth 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2008,155(5):541-554

Twenty-five diamonds recovered from 21 diamondiferous peridotitic micro-xenoliths from the A154 South and North kimberlite pipes at Diavik (Slave Craton) match the general peridotitic diamond production at this mine with respect to colour, carbon isotopic composition, and nitrogen concentrations and aggregation states. Based on garnet compositions, the majority of the diamondiferous microxenoliths is lherzolitic (G9) in paragenesis, in stark contrast to a predominantly harzburgitic (G10) inclusion paragenesis for the general diamond production. For garnet inclusions in diamonds from A154 South, the lherzolitic paragenesis, compared to the harzburgitic paragenesis, is distinctly lower in Cr content. For microxenolith garnets, however, Cr contents for garnets of both the parageneses are similar and match those of the harzburgitic inclusion garnets. Assuming that the microxenolith diamonds reflect a sample of the general diamond population, the abundant Cr-rich lherzolitic garnets formed via metasomatic overprinting of original harzburgitic diamond sources subsequent to diamond formation, conversion of original harzburgitic diamond sources occurred in the course of metasomatic overprint re-fertilization. Metasomatic overprinting after diamond formation is supported by the finding of a highly magnesian olivine inclusion (Fo₉₅) in a microxenolith diamond that clearly formed in a much more depleted environment than indicated by the composition of its microxenolith host. Chondrite normalized REE patterns of microxenolith garnets are predominantly sinusoidal, similar to observations for inclusion garnets. Sinusoidal REE_N patterns are interpreted to indicate a relatively mild metasomatic overprint through a highly fractionated (very high LREE/HREE) fluid. The predominance of such patterns may explain why the proposed metasomatic conversion of harzburgite to lherzolite appears to have had no destructive effect on diamond content. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

Vertical transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in different particle-size fractions of sandy soils     

Yuejin Zhang  Shuquan Zhu  Ru Xiao  Juan Wang  Fasheng Li 《Environmental Geology》2008,53(6):1165-1172

Vertical transport of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in different particle-size fractions of sandy soils was investigated by simulation experiments in soil columns. Tested soil samples were fractionized into three particle-sizes including sand, coarse silt and fine silt (2,000–50, 50–20 and <20 μm). Rainfall simulations were conducted in artificially PAHs contaminated soil columns with 30 cm length and 5 cm diameter in 40 days. PAHs were extracted from soil samples and determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results showed that the residue level of PAHs in fine silt fraction reached 35.85 mg/kg, which was significantly higher than those in sand and coarse silt fraction (16.28 and 11.80 mg/kg, respectively), probably because PAHs in macroporous fractions were prone to volatilize or degrade compared with that in microporous fractions. Linear relationship between the residue levels of individual PAH (R _PAHs) and the value of partition coefficient (log K _oc) was regressed as R _PAHs = 1.55 × log K _oc − 5.86, R ² = 0.91, n = 9. These results indicated that vertical transport of the mixed PAHs in soils were controlled both by the nature of PAHs (i.e. log K _oc, molecular weight), soil particle size and soil organic contents, which could influence the transport of PAHs.  相似文献   

柴达木盆地西部七个泉地区第四纪冰川刨耕变形层理的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

钟建华  许世红  王志坤  王海侨  马锋  段宏亮  艾合买提江·阿不都热和曼  周娟  刘云田  李勇 《地质论评》2008,54(2):207-214

柴达木盆地西部发育了第四纪冰川冰水与湖泊沉积,其重要特点是在黄褐色的钙质砂砾和含砾钙质泥岩中发育了大量的大型冰川刨耕变形层理及相关的杆状、板状和冰凌铸模构造,大型变形层理单个层系的最大厚度可达两米;其形态非常复杂,其中的管状、鞘状变形层理及杆状、板状构造更具特点;冰水沉积的岩性也非常复杂,既有粘土岩,又有含砾粘土岩,钙泥质砂砾岩,还有砾岩;其中有种粘土砾很有特点。 孢粉分析表明,其形成时代为第四纪,极有可能为更新世,与中国西部的第四纪冰期形成时代相同,但具体期次尚不能确定。柴西第四纪冰川与冰水沉积证据充分,对于研究中国第四纪冰期及青藏高原的形成演化、古气候、古地理具有重要意义。  相似文献