Fifty thousand galaxies at a glance     

Klaus Meisenheimer  Christian Wolf 《Astronomy& Geophysics》2002,43(3):3.15-3.21

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An in situ attenuance meter for very turbid waters     

Klaus Ohm 《Ocean Dynamics》1979,32(2):70-76

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The German Geoscientific Airborne Remote Sensing Srogramme: Background,aims, and organization     

Dipl.-Geogr. Klaus Strübing 《Ocean Dynamics》1979,32(1):1-2

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Infra-red radiometry in the German Bight     

Dipl.-Oz. Gerd Axel Becker  Dr. Klaus Huber  Dipl.-Oz. Hans Krause 《Ocean Dynamics》1979,32(1):19-26

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Pyroxenes in Serra de Magé: cooling history in comparison with Moama and Moore County     

George E. Harlow  C.E. Nehru  Martin Prinz  G. Jeffrey Taylor  Klaus Keil 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1979,43(2):173-181

Single-crystal X-ray, optical, and microprobe study of pyroxenes in the Serra de Magéfeldspar cumulate eucrite indicate complex exsolution features from a slow cooling history. Two pyroxenes now exist: “low” orthohypersthene ( P2₁ca) as host ( ～82 vol.%) and augite ( C2/c) in four distinct habits. This pyroxene pair yields an apparent “equilibration” temperature of ～900°. These relations are typical for orthopyroxene of both the Stillwater and Kintoki-San types, indicating an original pigeonite pyroxene with a bulk composition En₅₁Fs₃₉Wo₁₀. Variations in augite-hypersthene textural relationships suggest variable initial compositions from about Wo₈ to Wo₁₁. The bulk composition is intermediate to those of initial pigeonites in Moama and Moore County but the augite-hypersthene tie line is longer suggesting a slower cooling history. Our examinations of all three meteorites show that Serra de Magéaugite lamellae are as thick or thicker than those in the other meteorites, contrary to the measurement of Miyamoto and Takeda. The compositional data, textural relations, and existence of P2₁ca hypersthene suggest at least a comparable if not slower cooling history for Serra de Magé.  相似文献   

The structure and development of greater Lagos     

Dr. Klaus Grenzebach 《GeoJournal》1978,2(4):295-310

In the period between 1965 and 1976, when German geographers carried out their fieldwork for the Afrika-Kartenwerk under the sponsorship of the German Research Society, remarkable progress in urban development especially in Lagos could be observed. The cooperation with the Federal Survey Department of Nigeria gave the opportunity for collecting several series of aerial photographs which bring into focus some stages of the overwhelming urban expansion.The materials presented here have been selected to demonstrate some regional structures of the Nigerian capital. — In the geography of today the scientific evaluation of aerial photographs together with findings from local observation and historical as well as statistical data is still undervalued. Through this technique, the more classical and conservative method of geographical analysis, relying on subjective judgement, may regain some of its importance, which it once had in the age of exploration of new territories.Where data is scarce and written records of urban expansion are not available or difficult to extract, aerial photographs can give an impression of certain stages of urban growth. A functional analysis under geographical aspects has to be regarded by changes within spatial units in order to the factors of influence. Those factors are numerous, their influence will cause changes in a series of pushes arising from economic developments of the vast hinterland as well as from social conditions of certain groups of the population. In a metropolitan center, as Lagos, the highest ranking central place of Africa's most populous nation, heterogenous events and a confusing number of planning decisions must be taken into consideration. One consequence of nationwide regional interactions with the metropolis is migratory population dynamics. In pursuing lines of interaction, which originate from economic power, population density, and natural resources, one can hardly isolate a single element of influence because all factors are closely interrelated. For Lagos, there is only limited data available on the social and economic standard of the population, valid basic demographic figures of some value are not available.One still has to accept very rough estimates on population figures, number of industrial workers, the standards of housing and the social and economic hierarchy of the population. The present retrospective analysis of aerial photographs gives an interpretation of the regional structure of the town and indicate possible future development.  相似文献   

Radar measurements of wind and waves     

Klaus Hasselmann  W. Alpers  D. Barick  D. Crombie  C. Flachi  A. Fung  H. van Hutten  W. Jones  G. P. De Loor  B. Lipa  R. Long  D. Ross  C. Rufenach  W. Sandham  O. Shemdin  C. Teague  D. Trizna  G. Valenzuela  E. Walsh  F. Wentz  J. Wright 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1978,13(1-4):405-412

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Über Zusammenhänge zwischen der Eisführung des Ostgrönlandstroms und der atmosphärischen Zirkulation über dem Nordpolarmeer     

Klaus Strübing 《Ocean Dynamics》1967,20(6):257-265

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Mass occurance and sporadic distribution of Corynocera ambigua Zetterstedt (Diptera, Chironomidae) in Danish lakes. Neo- and palaeolimnological records     

Klaus Peter Brodersen  Claus Lindegaard 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1999,22(1):41-52

The chironomid Corynocera ambigua (Tanytarsini) is commonly reported as a cold-stenothermal species living in shallow lakes in arctic and subarctic regions. In palaeoecological studies of temperate lakes, larval remains of C. ambigua are usually found in late-glacial sediments from the Allerød and Younger Dryas periods, and often in association with subfossil Chara oospores. During a surface sampling program of chironomid head-capsules in 41 Danish temperate lakes, C. ambigua was found to comprise 25% of the chironomid assemblages in two lakes, and was sporadically found in 8 other lakes (0.5-10%). A 70 cm palaeo-stratigraphy from the shallow (max depth 1.2 m) and eutrophic (total phosphorus = 150 g P l^-1) Lake Stigsholm showed that C. ambigua has been abundant in the last 4-5 centuries. At a sediment level of 25 cm (~year 1925, ²¹⁰Pb dating), C. ambigua began to decrease in frequency while Chironomus plumosus, Procladius sp., Cladotanytarsus gr. mancus and Tanytarsus spp. increased, suggesting an increased nutrient loading and an approach to eutrophic conditions. In 1995 C. ambigua was still very abundant in Lake Stigsholm but in early March 1997 no living larvae were found. An extremely heavy growth of Elodea, Enteromorpha and filamentous algae in the summers of 1995 and 1996, with following degradation in the fall, might have influenced the invertebrate population dynamics. No significant distinguishing characteristics were found for the lakes supporting C. ambigua. Its occurrence in warm (~20°C) Danish lakes brings into question the perception of the species as being cold-stenothermal.  相似文献   

Sedimentation und Tektonik im mittleren Abschnitt des Rio Toro in der Ostkordillere NW-Argentiniens     

Prof. Dr. Klaus Schwab  Dr. Andreas Schäfer 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1976,65(1):175-194

Zusammenfassung Die bis 5000 m mächtigen jungkänozoischen Sedimente im Hangenden der Grupo Salta wurden im Mittelabschnitt der Quebrada del Toro auskartiert und gegliedert, wobei ein vorwiegend aus Vulkanitkomponenten bestehendes Konglomerat als Leithorizont diente. Auf diese Sedimente sind von West und Ost ältere Gesteine aufgeschoben, so daß sie heute nur noch in dem Rio Toro-Keilgraben erhalten sind. Anhand der wechselnden Geröllführung und lokaler Diskordanzen läßt sich nachweisen, daß durch die Hebung der westlichen und östlichen Randschollen der kontinentale Sedimentationsraum zunehmend eingeengt wurde. Die terrestrischen Sedimente im Rio ToroKeilgraben wurden erst zu einem relativ späten Zeitpunkt der Schollenbewegungen gefaltet und verworfen.Die jüngsten Sedimente — Terrassen und Schuttfächerablagerungen — lassen sich dem heutigen Flußbett des Rio Toro zuordnen.

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In the central part of the Quebrada del Toro up to 5000 m continental sediments of Upper Cenozoic age on top of the Salta Group have been mapped and divided into several units. A conglomerate, which is mainly composed of volcanic pebbles could be used as a marker. From west and east older rocks have been thrusted on these sediments, which therefore are preserved only in the Rio Toro-Keilgraben. By means of changing gravel associations and local unconformaties it can be shown, that the uplift of the western and eastern border made the basin of continental sedimentation narrower. The terrestrial sediments in the Rio Toro-Keilgraben have been folded and faulted only at a relatively late stage of the block movements.The youngest sediments, alluvial terraces and fan deposits, can be related to the recent bed of the Rio Toro.

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Resumen En la parte central de la Quebrada del Toro hasta 5000 m de sedimentos continentales del Cenozico superior han sido levantados y subdividos en algunos unidades, usando coma estrato guía un conglomerado compuesto en la mayor parte de rodados volcanicos. Del oeste y del este rocas más viejas han sido corridas sobre estos sedimentos, los quales han sido conservados solamente en el Río Toro-Keilgraben. Considerando el cambio en la asociación de rodados y las discordancias locales se puede provar que por el levantamiento de los bordes occidentales y orientales la cuenca sedimentaria continental fue estrechada. En un momento relativamente tarde en el desarollo tectonico los sedimentos continentales en el Rio Toro-Keilgraben fueron plegados y fallados.Los depositos más recientes, terrazzas y conos de deyección pueden ser relacionados con el cauce del Río Toro.

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Résumé Les sédiments d'âge cénozoïque supérieur, de près de 5000 m d'épaisseur qui se trouvent au-dessus du Groupe de Salta, ont fait l'objet de levés dans la partie centrale de la Quebrada del Toro. Un conglomérat se composant en majeure partie de galets volcaniques a servi de repère. Ces sédiments sont surmontés de roches plus anciennes, sous l'effet de chevauchements venant de l'Ouest et de l'Est, si bien que de nos jours on ne les trouve que dans le graben en coin du Rio Toro. On peut prouver, grâce au contenu variable des galets et à des discordances locales, que le soulèvement des bordures occidentale et orientale a causé un resserrement du bassin continental de sédimentation. Les sédiments terrestres dans le graben en coin du Rio Toro ont été plissés et disloqués seulement à une époque relativement tardive au cours des mouvements des blocs.Les sédiments les plus récents — terrasses d'accumulation et cônes d'alluvions — sont à mettre en liaison avec le lit actuel du Rio Toro.

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- Grupo Salta Quebrada del , , . , -. , . - . — — -.

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Geänderte Fassung eines auf der 64. Jahrestagung der Geologischen Vereinigung 1974 in Bochum gehaltenen Vortrages.  相似文献