Recruitment patterns of Alaskan crabs in relation to decadal shifts in climate and physical oceanography     

Zheng  Jie; Kruse  Gordon H. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2000,57(2):438-451

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Contribution of aluminum from abandoned surface mine pits in Raccoon Creek, Ohio   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Natalie A. Kruse  Kimberly Brewster  Brian Blair  Kaabe Shaw 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,68(5):1419-1428

Middleton Run, a severely acid mine drainage (AMD) impacted tributary of Little Raccoon Creek, drains a sub-watershed area of 3.67 km² (2.28 square miles). Averaging 58.7 kg/day (129.4 lbs/day) at its mouth, demonstrated aluminum loads from Middleton Run are particularly severe. A preliminary study of two previously unmonitored tributaries was conducted to justify future treatment projects. Monthly chemical water quality data were collected for 6 months. Soil leachate samples collected on five strip mining sites within the sub-watershed were analyzed for acidity, alkalinity, pH, aluminum and iron. Soil leachate tests have shown that one of the pits has a much larger pollution production potential and should be targeted for remediation.  相似文献   

Ionic exchange in groundwater hydrochemical evolution. Study case: the drainage basin of El Pescado creek (Buenos Aires province,Argentina)     

Eleonora S. Carol  Eduardo E. Kruse  Patricia C. Laurencena  Adolfo Rojo  Marta H. Deluchi 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,65(2):421-428

The phreatic aquifer beneath the Pampean plain, in eastern central Argentina, constitutes a relevant source of water supply in the area. The objective of this work was to assess the significance of the cation exchange processes in the hydrochemical evolution of this aquifer, based on a study case located in the middle and upper basin of the El Pescado creek. Results indicate that Ca²⁺/Na⁺ exchange is the main process determining the evolution of groundwater from the recharge areas (Ca–HCO₃) towards the local discharge areas (Na–HCO₃), as well as representing a source of Na⁺ contribution to the water in the aquifer. This hydrochemical characteristic is central to the identification of local discharge areas within a plain environment which extends regionally. The ion exchange capacity of these discharge areas has environmental importance, due to its influence on groundwater quality and potential groundwater uses. These results may be applied to any aquifer sharing similar hydrogeological characteristics.  相似文献   

Eco-hydrological role of deep aquifers in the Salado sedimentary basin in the Province of Buenos Aires,Argentina     

Eleonora S. Carol  Eduardo Emilio Kruse  Jorge L. Pousa 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2010,60(4):749-756

Although not well known, the eco-hydrological functions of deep aquifers (those having no contact with surface hydrological events) play an important role in the hydrological regime because they can affect the type of habitats, the availability of water and nutrients and the salinity of the medium, among other environmental features. This work aims at characterizing the deep Tertiary hydrogeological units of the Salado sedimentary basin in the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, at a regional scale, and to determine their environmental importance in the hydrological cycle. The geological characterization of the study area is based on the drilling profiles from oil exploration wells bored by different oil companies between 1948 and 1994, and also from the existing literature. The conclusion is that water exchange between quaternary surface aquifers in contact with atmospheric events and deep tertiary aquifers is one of the main processes that keep the hydrologic balance of the region. Not only is this crucial for the conservation of the numerous and well-developed ecosystems in the basin wetlands, but also significant for the agricultural and cattle-raising activities of the region.  相似文献   

High-resolution analysis of the deposition pattern on the Amazon sub-aquatic delta and outer continental shelf     

Hübscher  C.  Figueiredo  A.G.  Kruse  L.  Spieß  V. 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2002,23(3):209-222

Continental shelves off major river deltas or estuaries act as an interface between terrestrial environments and marine depo centers like the Amazon Fan. In order to understand sedimentary processes on the Amazon sub-aquatic delta and outer shelf, Late-Quaternary erosional and depositional structures have been investigated with an ultra high-resolution seismic survey system (4 kHz). The wavy morphology of the outer shelf implies the presence of tidal sand ridges or meandering channels. In the latter case, the local presence of channel fill deposits suggests several cut-off loops (ox bows). The inter-channel areas are consequently interpreted as levees, which reach their maximum height of 10 m in the area between the Amazon river mouth and the Amazon canyon. The morphology of terraces in front of the sub-aquatic delta reflect erosional processes which presumably occurred during accelerated sea level rise at the beginning and the end of the Younger Dryas. A carbonate platform is present in the northwestern survey area close to the shelf break. Its water depth of 120–130 m implies an evolution during the last glacial maximum. The asymmetric shape of the Cabo Norte Shoal on the topset of the sub-aquatic delta is typical of bottom current produced shoals. The steeper northwestern flank lies in the lee position of the northwest flowing coastal current. Southeast of the shoal the <10 m thick uppermost sequence of presumably Holocene age consists of lobes that dip with the same apparent angle as the foreset towards the offlap break. Within the area 20 km northwest of the shoal the uppermost sequence forms a smooth depression and may be erosionally truncated at the seafloor. Here, the prograding direction includes a northwest component. A shale diapir, which rises from a transparent underlying sequence, marks the transition to an area where the upper sequence is not resolved in the data.  相似文献   

Hydrologic scenarios applied to the agricultural management of the northwest of the Buenos Aires Province,Argentina     

Juan Alberto Forte Lay  Eduardo Kruse  José Luis Aiello 《GeoJournal》2007,70(4):263-271

The study area is located in the Pampean region of Argentina, in the northwest of Buenos Aires Province, covering about 50,000 km², within an area of great plain with particular hydrologic characteristics, where vertical water movements predominate over horizontal. The objective of this work is the analysis of the relations between different hydrologic scenarios (characterized by the soil water balance and the water table levels) and the yields of soybeans that have been increasing in recent years. It is concluded that water table fluctuations are strongly related to the elements of the local hydrologic balance. On the other hand, the geographic distribution of soybean yields corresponds directly with the values of the soil water reserve during the critical stages of the growth. After dry periods, the lowering of the water table makes access to water from the root zone difficult, and the crop is susceptible to the effects of drought. However, after wetter periods the extra contribution from the water table situated near the surface is favorable for growth, often preventing its deterioration in conditions of drought. Nevertheless, an excessive rise of the water table can produce disadvantages at seedtime and during harvest. The importance of an evaluation of the different scenarios that may have significant implications for agricultural activity is discussed.  相似文献   

Imagining Strawberry Fields as a place of pilgrimage     

Robert J Kruse II 《Area》2003,35(2):154-162

This paper examines the significance of Strawberry Fields, the memorial to John Lennon in Central Park, New York City, as a place of secular pilgrimage. Situated within postmodern conceptualizations of secular pilgrimage, Strawberry Fields is shown to be the spatial focus of a variety of discourses related to John Lennon's life and music. Furthermore, this paper illustrates how autobiography as a qualitative research method can reveal the sentiments that motivate particular pilgrims to places associated with major figures in popular music.  相似文献   

Development of thermodynamically-based models for simulation of hydrogeochemical processes coupled to channel flow processes in abandoned underground mines     

N.A. Kruse  P.L. Younger 《Applied Geochemistry》2009

Accurate modeling of changing geochemistry in mine water can be an important tool in post-mining site management. The Pollutant Sources and Sinks in Underground Mines (POSSUM) model and Pollutant Loadings Above Average Pyrite Influenced Geochemistry POSSUM (PLAYING POSSUM) model were developed using object-oriented programming techniques to simulate changing geochemistry in abandoned underground mines over time. The conceptual model was created to avoid significant simplifying assumptions that decrease the accuracy and defensibility of model solutions. POSSUM and PLAYING POSSUM solve for changes in flow rate and depth of flow using a finite difference hydrodynamics model then, subsequently, solve for geochemical changes at distinct points along the flow path. Geochemical changes are modeled based on a suite of 28 kinetically controlled mineral weathering reactions. Additional geochemical transformations due to reversible sorption, dissolution and precipitation of acid generating salts and mineral precipitation are also simulated using simplified expressions. Contaminant transport is simulated using a novel application of the Random-Walk method. By simulating hydrogeochemical changes with a physically and thermodynamically controlled model, the ‘state of the art’ in post-mining management can be advanced.  相似文献   

Demographic and environmental conditions are uncoupled in the social–ecological system of the Pribilof Islands     

Henry P. Huntington  Sarah A. Kruse  & Astrid J. Scholz 《Polar research》2009,28(1):119-128

Since the end of the commercial fur seal hunt in 1984, the economy of the Pribilof Islands, Alaska, has lacked a stable, lasting basis. As a contribution to the effort to understand and promote the effective management of the Pribilof Islands as a social–ecological system, we examined current and recent conditions on the islands to assess local perceptions of, and prospects for, economic, social and environmental well-being. We found few correlations between environmental conditions and socio-economic indicators. The lack of apparent connection between population levels and economic or environmental stimuli is likely attributable to one or more of several factors: (a) modest economic dependence on the environment; (b) predominance of other economic inputs to the economies of the islands; (c) islanders basing residence choices largely on non-economic factors; and (d) the islanders' tolerance for economic fluctuations and uncertainty. These results suggest economic analysis alone is insufficient to explain the dynamics of this social–ecological system, contrary to many other case studies and an expectation of tight coupling and clear connections between society and ecology in the Pribilofs.  相似文献   

The non-Gaussian tail of cosmic-shear statistics     

Guido Kruse  Peter Schneider 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2000,318(2):321-328

Owing to gravitational instability, an initially Gaussian density field develops non-Gaussian features as the Universe evolves. The most prominent non-Gaussian features are massive haloes, visible as clusters of galaxies. The distortion of high-redshift galaxy images because of the tidal gravitational field of the large-scale matter distribution, called cosmic shear, can be used to investigate the statistical properties of the large‐scale structure (LSS) . In particular, non-Gaussian properties of the LSS will lead to a non-Gaussian distribution of cosmic-shear statistic. The aperture mass ( M _ap) statistics, recently introduced as a measure for cosmic shear, is particularly well suited for measuring these non-Gaussian properties. In this paper we calculate the highly non-Gaussian tail of the aperture mass probability distribution, assuming Press–Schechter theory for the halo abundance and the 'universal' density profile of haloes as obtained from numerical simulations. We find that for values of M _ap much larger than its dispersion, this probability distribution is closely approximated by an exponential, rather than a Gaussian. We determine the amplitude and shape of this exponential for various cosmological models and aperture sizes, and show that wide-field imaging surveys can be used to distinguish between some of the currently most popular cosmogonies. Our study here is complementary to earlier cosmic-shear investigations, which focused more on two- and three-point statistical properties.  相似文献