How good is good? Human values and Europe's proposed Marine Strategy Directive   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Mee LD  Jefferson RL  Laffoley Dd  Elliott M 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,56(2):187-204

The adoption of the proposed European Marine Strategy Directive is an opportunity for a comprehensive policy for protecting, improving and sustainably using Europe's environmentally degraded seas. It calls for an ecosystem-based approach to management where humans are regarded as a key system component. Although the proposed wording has been the subject of fierce debate, the central policy goal remains achieving "Good Environmental Status". The interpretation of "good" is key to implementation and relates to human values and worldviews. We demonstrate how these vary widely across Europe. Solution of fundamental considerations such as the assignation of reference states, the balance between precautionary and evidence-based action, the degree of subsidiarity, and conservation strategies including marine protected areas, will ultimately depend upon public understanding, involvement in and support for the Directive. The social element, critical to effective adaptive management, requires greater attention within the context of a regional seas geographical framework.  相似文献   

渤海沿岸风暴沉积体的保护与开发     

丁东尹延鸿  李晓红 《海岸工程》2000,19(2):6-9

渤海沿岸的沉积动力环境形成了众多的风暴沉积体。它是海岸均衡的重要地质体,起到保护岸线,抵御海洋动力的蚀退作用。局部地区的风暴沉积体中有较丰富的矿产资源,合理开发利用对当地经济发展起到良好的作用。但是,过度采掘将会破坏自然环境的均衡状态,引发灾害,导致生态系统的恶化。合理保护渤海沿岸的风暴沉积体,对该区可持续发展具有特别重要的意义。  相似文献   

黄河三角洲沿河长堤对环境演化的影响     

尹延鸿  丁东 《海洋地质前沿》1996,(2):7-10

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地中海海脊底辟带标准层的地球化学特征     

Capi.  LD 周立君 《海洋地质前沿》1996,(10):10-12

地中海海脊底辟带标准层的地球化学特征ＬｕｉｓａＤｅＣａｐｉｔａｎｉ等‘标准层’这个术语最先是Ｃｉｔａ等（１９８９）用于地中海东部深海记录关于全新统地层中占据一定层位的薄（厘米级）的黑色的富金属层．细菌成因的锰微结核表示了标准层的特性，它们与细菌群有联...  相似文献   

Elevation of cytochrome P450-immunopositive protein and DNA damage in mussels (Mytilus edulis) transplanted to a contaminated site     

Shaw JP  Large AT  Livingstone DR  Doyotte A  Renger J  Chipman JK  Peters LD 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5):505-509

Mytilus edulis were collected from a reference site (Port Quin) and an urban/industrial contaminated site (New Brighton) in the UK during June 1999. Levels of PCBs (sigma7 congeners) and CB-138 were determined to be, respectively, 21 fold and 16 fold higher in the mussel digestive glands from New Brighton. Levels of CYPIA-immunopositive protein were 1.5 fold higher (P < 0.05) at the polluted site but the levels of DNA strand breaks were 1.3 fold higher (P<0.05) at the reference site. Mussels from Port Quin were placed in cages at both sites and both transplanted and indigenous populations sampled in September (13 weeks). Mussels transplanted from the reference site to the industrial site, reported elevated levels of CYP1A-immunopositive protein (1.4 fold; P < 0.05) and higher levels of DNA damage (1.2 fold; P < 0.05) compared to caged populations at the reference site and a PCB loading similar to the populations from the polluted site. Moreover, transplanted mussels had DNA damage 1.8 fold greater (P < 0.05) than indigenous mussels at the transplant site. These changes were small but significant when compared to the observed temporal changes in the indigenous populations.  相似文献   

Effect of intertidal compared to subtidal exposure on the uptake,loss and oxidative toxicity of water-born benzo[a]pyrene in the mantle and whole tissues of the mussel,Mytilus edulis L     

Durand F  Peters LD  Livingstone DR 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5):271-274

Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis, L.) were exposed to a single dose of 1 ppb benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) under subtidal (SC) or tidal conditions (TC; 6 h immersion, 6 h emersion) in order to follow its bioaccumulation in whole mussel and mantle tissue, and to compare BaP-mediated toxicity on lipids (malonaldehyde formation, MDA) in the mantle. Rapid uptake of BaP (70-80% of BaP initially introduced in tanks) was observed in both conditions after 12 h, but subsequent depuration in clean water was slower in TC mussels. BaP levels decreased in whole tissue in both conditions between 12 and 24 h, but increased in mantle. The mantle BaP levels were similar during the first 4 days in SC and TC, but whereas they decreased in SC after 7 days. BaP was retained at high levels in mantle in TC until the end of the study (14 days). In both conditions, significant increases (P < 0.05) in lipid peroxidation were observed after 4 days, but MDA levels were approximately 3 times higher in the mantle of TC than SC mussels, although BaP tissue concentrations were similar. These observations suggested that increased BaP-mediated toxicity in mantle lipid was due to the interactive effect of the tidal cycle of immersion/emersion on BaP-mediated oxidative damage.  相似文献   

黄河三角洲沿河护河长堤对环境演化的影响     

尹延鸿  丁东 《海洋地质前沿》1996,(2)

黄河三角洲护河长堤防止了洪水肆虐，保护了人民生命财产安全．长堤的建立，使河水只能在长堤所限的河床由活动，起到了聚流攻沙、减轻河床内及河漫滩泥沙淤积的作用，并有利于挖泥沙输入运海，延长河道的寿命．从入海口一是河漫滩的剖面测量结果可知，河漫滩淤积不严重．  相似文献   

CYP1A- and CYP3A-immunopositive protein levels in digestive gland of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis from the Mediterranean Sea     

Shaw JP  Peters LD  Chipman JK 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):649-653

CYP1A-immunopositive protein can be elevated in response to planar PAHs and PCBs in Mytilus sp. digestive gland whilst CYP3A-immunopositive protein has been associated with testosterone 6beta-hydroxylation in fish. Levels of CYP1A- and CYP3A-immunopositive protein were determined in Mytilus galloprovincialis digestive gland microsomes collected from 12 sites in the Mediterranean Sea during May and September 2001. CYP1A-immunopositive protein was significantly highest at contaminated sites whilst CYP3A-immunopositive protein was significantly lowest. A weak negative correlation (r2 = 0.21) was seen between CYP1A- and CYP3A-immunopositive protein. Little evidence of differences at the different sampling times was observed. These results confirm previous work indicating elevation of CYP1A-immunopositive protein in Mytilus sp. digestive gland at contaminated sites. Further study is required to characterise CYP3A-like expression in Mytilus and to elucidate the consequences of possible CYP3A-like down-regulation at contaminated sites.  相似文献   

DNA adducts in mussels and fish exposed to bulky genotoxic compounds     

Dolcetti L  Zuanna LD  Venier P 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5):481-486

Biological and procedural factors can influence DNA adduct detection in aquatic organisms. Among them, functional structure and metabolic traits represent major biological determinants for adducts formed by lipophilic pro-mutagenic contaminants. In detecting DNA adducts through the 32P-postlabelling assay, efficiency in DNA purification, digestion, labelling, as well as adduct enrichment and quantification may explain differences between independent studies. Reference DNA adducts have been used to verify some 32P-postlabelling aspects. Data obtained for mussels and fish treated with benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and environmentally exposed to genotoxins confirm the above assertions. Although the 32P-postlabelling assay cannot be proposed for routine biomonitoring it appears a reliable and very sensitive index of exposure to genotoxic pollutants in both fish and mollusks.  相似文献   

海平面升降以及对海岸带的影响     

尹延鸿  陈正新 《海洋地质前沿》2003,19(1):14-17

在中－加地调讨论会上，加拿大的Donald L Forbes博士讲述了“海平面上升和气候变化以及对海岸带的影响”。作者结合讲课内容以及中国东部的一些海平面变化情况写成该文。海平面变化与气候变化密切相关。12000aBP以来，海平面以上升为主，约上升了60m，但近6000年以来，海平面处于高位震荡状态。近百年来，由于二氧化碳等气体的温室效应等原因，海平面以上升为主。海的相对升降，对海岸带的发展演化以及人类的生产活动有重要影响，应引起高度重视，做好预防和减灾工作。  相似文献