Pseudo‐dynamic tests of a full‐scale CFT/BRB frame—Part I: Specimen design,experiment and analysis     

Keh‐Chyuan Tsai  Po‐Chien Hsiao  Kung‐Juin Wang  Yuan‐Tao Weng  Min‐Lang Lin  Ker‐Chun Lin  Chui‐Hsin Chen  Jiun‐Wei Lai  Sheng‐Lin Lin 《地震工程与结构动力学》2008,37(7):1081-1098

A series of pseudo‐dynamic tests (PDTs) of a full‐scale 3‐story 3‐bay buckling‐restrained braced frame (BRBF) using concrete‐filled tube columns was tested in the Taiwan National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering using networked PDT techniques in October 2003. During the tests, real‐time experimental responses and video were webcasted to Internet viewers. The input ground motions adopted for the PDTs were chosen from the 1999 Chi‐Chi and the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquakes and scaled to represent three seismic hazard levels. This paper is in two parts, focusing on the investigations of the overall structure and the local members. This paper constitutes Part I and discusses the design, analytical investigations, and key experimental results of the specimen frame, such as the buckling of the brace‐to‐gusset joints. Part II of the paper, the companion paper, describes the gusset stiffening schemes and detailed experimental behavior of the BRBs and their connections. Experimental peak inter‐story drifts of 0.019 and 0.023 radians, prescribed for the design basis and the maximum credible earthquakes, respectively, are within the target design limits of 0.020 and 0.025 radians. These tests confirmed that the PISA3D and OpenSees nonlinear structural analysis computer programs can simulate the experimental peak shears and floor displacements well. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Micropore structure characteristics and water distribution in a coalbed methane reservoir     

F. P. Lai  Z. P. Li  H. K. Dong  Z. Y. Jiang  G. T. Mao 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2019,66(5):741-750

Microscopic pore structure and water distribution are important and fundamental parameters for coalbed methane reservoir characterisation. These are closely related to the calculation/interpretation of other critical parameters, such as permeability and flow capacity. In this study, scanning electron microscopy, low-pressure nitrogen gas adsorption, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and theoretical calculations were used to study the pore structure characteristics and water distribution of Zhaozhuang coal mine in the southeastern Qinshui Basin, PR China. The results show that the pore radius ranges from 2.066 to 594.045?nm, mainly classified as micropores and transitional pores. The micropores significantly contribute to the total pore volume. The adsorption pores (micropores and transitional pores) contribute the most to the total specific surface area. The T₂ spectrum distributions of saturated water samples show two peaks. The first T₂ spectrum peak is related to adsorption pores, whereas the second T₂ spectrum peak is related to seepage pores. The seepage pores were not well developed as the adsorption pores. Most adsorption pores are saturated with irreducible water that could not be discharged by centrifugation, whereas the seepage pores are saturated with movable water that could be completely discharged by centrifugation. The T₂ cutoff method was used to calculate the irreducible water saturation, and the irreducible water saturation of the sample was ≥90%. The irreducible water was mainly distributed in the micropores, and some of the irreducible water was distributed in the transitional pores. The irreducible water that remains in the pores can cause reservoir damage.  相似文献   

焦石坝-武隆构造带古流体活动差异及对页岩气保存条件的影响          下载免费PDF全文

姜磊  邓宾  刘树根  叶玥豪  孙博  杨迪  梁霄  黄瑞  赖冬  何宇 《地球科学》2019,44(2):524-538

焦石坝-武隆地区差异构造带发育,古流体活动复杂,对页岩气保存条件影响较为关键.以两类典型背斜(高陡背斜和箱状背斜)的裂缝脉为研究对象,基于裂缝分形理论和碳、氧、锶同位素地球化学理论,揭示出不同构造的古流体活动差异与页岩气保存条件优劣的耦合性.研究认为:(1)构造变形与古流体活动性存在耦合性.构造应力集中部位(如箱状背斜枢纽、隐伏断层)较构造其他部位具更强的流体活动性.(2)古流体示踪差异与页岩气保存条件存在耦合性.同位素地球化学揭示出二叠系-下三叠统以内源流体活动为主,封闭能力较好,盆内高陡背斜带和盆外残余向斜五峰-龙马溪组页岩气具备一定勘探前景;中寒武统-下奥陶统存在跨层流体活动的痕迹,封闭能力变差,盆外箱状背斜下寒武统筇竹寺组页岩气勘探风险加大.  相似文献   

河流堰塞的地貌响应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周丽琴  刘维明  赖忠平  王昊  曹广超 《第四纪研究》2019,39(2):366-380

堰塞作为一种极端地表过程,深刻影响着河流地貌的变化,特别是河流纵剖面的变化。其对河流纵剖面的影响主要体现在两方面:一方面,堰塞坝将抬高局地的侵蚀基准面,阻碍了上游河道侵蚀,形成河流裂点;另一方面,堰塞坝溃决往往形成大型/巨型洪水,造成下游河道和岸坡的剧烈侵蚀。稳定的堰塞坝形成后,在1~105 a的时间尺度上对河流裂点的发育以及河流纵剖面变化上甚至会超过构造、气候和岩性作用,占据主导。本文在简要概述堰塞地貌相关概念的基础上,介绍了部分河流堰塞的研究方法和案例,以及河流堰塞的发育过程和研究意义。目前多仅从堰塞坝与河流纵剖面的空间关系的相关性来论证其地貌响应,并且发现一些堰塞坝与河流纵剖面的相关性,但是也有一些古堰塞坝对现代河流纵剖面的影响并不显著,原因可能与堰塞坝规模、溃决洪水次数、堵江的持续时间和距今年代的不同有关,目前还缺乏深入研究。  相似文献   

Geoscience Frontiers 2018 Annual Convention     

Fei Gao  Lily Wang 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(2):787-788

The 2018 Geoscience Frontiers Annual Convention was held at the China University of Geosciences(Beijing),China,during September 20,2018(Fig.1).This convention assembled earth scientists from five countries,including Australia(Dr.Christopher Spencer),India(Dr.Mu.Ramkumar),USA(Dr.Richard Damian Nance and Dr.Joseph Meert),UK(Dr.Nick Roberts),Turkey(Prof.Yener Eyuboglu),China,and also representative from Elsevier(Beijing).  相似文献   

龙门山断裂带断层围陷波探测     

赖晓玲  李松林 《国际地震动态》2009,(4):86-86

2008年5月12日在四川省汶川地区发生了8级特大地震,断裂长度达300km,地震中最大错位10m以上,造成震区地面建筑大面积倒塌和大量人员伤亡,并诱发了严重的地质灾害,毁坏了公路、桥梁等交通系统和通讯设施。由于地震的发生和破坏程度与地壳内部断裂构造的形态和分布之间有着密切的关系,因此,尽快确定龙门山断裂带目前的状况。探明各分支断层的位置和几何形态,  相似文献   

Fault zone structures of northern and southern portions of the main central fault generated by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake using fault zone trapped waves   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Songlin Li  Xiaoling Lai Zhixiang Yao  Qing Yang Geophysical Prospecting Center  China Earthquake Administration  Zhengzhou  China Institute of Geophysics  Beijing  China 《地震学报(英文版)》2009,(4):417-424

The rupture process of the May 12,2008 MS8.0 Wenchuan earthquake was very complex. To study the rupture zones generated by this earthquake,four dense temporary seismic arrays across the two surface breaking traces of the main-shock were deployed in July and recorded a great amount of aftershocks. This paper focuses on the data interpretation of two arrays across the central main fault,the northern array line 1 and southern array line 3. The fault zone trapped waves recorded by the two arrays were used to st...  相似文献   

陆相特殊沉积的研究方法及气候意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

田馨  向芳  罗来  宋见春 《地学前缘》2009,16(5):71-78

陆相沉积形成于地圈与水圈、大气圈和生物圈的交界面上,比海相地层更有效地记录了地球表层环境的信息。通过对沉积岩中沉积物的粘土矿物、气候指数、氧同位素测温等研究,获得关于气候干湿冷暖的信息。基于对这些常用方法的研究,提取出一些陆地上的特殊沉积,如：陆相红层、沙漠沉积体系、蒸发岩、煤及油页岩等所包含的丰富气候信息。沙漠代表干旱炎热气候;陆相红层的出现反映高温氧化环境,其在干旱和潮湿的热带气候下都能形成;芒硝代表干冷的气候环境;石膏则代表干热,水体盐度高,蒸发作用强的气候条件;煤层/油页岩一般形成于温暖潮湿的气候环境。对特殊沉积的研究可以用来重建古气候和恢复大陆古环境。  相似文献   

The Middle Scoria sequence: A Holocene violent strombolian, subplinian and phreatomagmatic eruption of Okmok volcano, Alaska     

Lily J. Wong  Jessica F. Larsen 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2010,72(1):17-31

The Middle Scoria deposit represents an explosive eruption of basaltic andesite magma (54 wt. % SiO₂) from Okmok volcano during mid-Holocene time. The pattern of dispersal and characteristics of the ejecta indicate that the eruption opened explosively, with ash textural evidence for a limited degree of phreatomagmatism. The second phase of the eruption produced thick vesicular scoria deposits with grain texture, size and dispersal characteristics that indicate it was violent strombolian to subplinian in style. The third eruptive phase produced deposits with a shift towards grain shapes that are dense, blocky, and poorly vesicular, and intermittent surge layers, indicating later transitions between magmatic (violent strombolian) to phreatomagmatic (vulcanian) eruptive styles. Isopach maps yield bulk volume estimates that range from 0.06 to 0.43 km³, with ~ 0.04 to 0.25 km³ total DRE. The associated column heights and mass discharge values calculated from isopleth maps of individual Middle Scoria layers are 8.5 – 14 km and 0.4 to 45 × 10⁶ kg/s. The Middle Scoria tephras are enriched in plagioclase microlites that have the textural characteristics of rapid magma ascent and relatively high degrees of effective undercooling. Those textures probably reflect the rapid magma ascent accompanying the violent strombolian and subplinian phases of the eruption. In the later stages of the eruption, the plagioclase microlite number densities decrease and textures include more tabular plagioclase, indicating a slowing of the ascent rate. The findings on the Middle Scoria are consistent with other explosive mafic eruptions, and show that outside of the two large caldera-forming eruptions, Okmok is also capable of producing violent mafic eruptions, marked by varying degrees of phreatomagmatism.  相似文献   

Potential of quartz OSL dating on moraine deposits from eastern Tibetan Plateau using SAR protocol     

XianJiao Ou  LiuBing Xu  ZhongPing Lai  Hao Long  Zhong He  QiShun Fan  ShangZhe Zhou 《Quaternary Geochronology》2010,5(2-3):257-262

Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating methods have been widely applied in Quaternary glaciology. However, glacigenic deposits are considered in general as problematic for OSL dating, mainly because they are transported shorter distances prior to burial and are usually partially bleached. Thus, most researchers choose glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine sediments (with relatively longer transportation times) for OSL dating when constraining the age of glaciation. In this study, four samples were collected from a lateral moraine series at Zhuqing Village, northern margin of Queer Shan Mountain, eastern Tibetan Plateau, in order to investigate the applicability of OSL dating for morainic deposits. Quartz grains (38–63 μm) were extracted and measured using single aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) protocol. Internal checks and dose recovery test show that the SAR protocol is appropriate for equivalent dose (D_e) determination. The effect of thermal transfer is small for all samples and the recycling ratio for each individual sample is close to unity. The symmetry in the D_e distributions indicates that quartz grains were well-bleached prior to burial. OSL ages show good agreement with geomorphological and field investigations, and are also concordant with an independent ESR age. It is concluded that: (a) the morainic deposits in Zhuqing were well-bleached and suitable for OSL dating; (b) SAR protocol can be applied to morainic deposits for samples under study.  相似文献