近30年长江口海域生态系统健康状况及变化趋势研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈耀辉  刘守海  何彦龙  秦玉涛  季晓  张昊飞  徐韧 《海洋学报》2020,42(4):55-65

为评估长江口海域生态系统健康状况,本文以鱼类浮游生物为指示生物,选择1986年、1999年、2007年和2016年4个年份的数据,选取鱼类浮游生物总种类数、底栖鱼种类数、水层鱼种类数、低耐污鱼种类数、高耐污鱼种类数百分比、杂食性鱼种类数百分比、虫食性鱼种类数百分比、肉食性鱼种类数百分比、鱼类取样个体数、天然杂交种种类数百分比等10个评价指标,采用1、3、5赋值法计算4个不同年份的河口生物完整性指数(Estuarine Biotic Integrity Index,EBI),并以此评价近30年长江口海域生态系统健康状况变化趋势。结果显示,1986年、1999年、2007年和2016年4个不同年份的EBI值分别是52、40、36、34,对应的EBI等级分别为“好”、“一般”、“一般?差”、“差”。通过分析EBI年际变化的结果,发现近30年来长江口海域生态系统健康状况呈现先下降,而后稳定在较低水平的趋势,说明长江口海域生态系统亟需及时进行保护和修复工作。  相似文献   

舟山群岛外海域鱼类数量分布与环境因子的关系     

于南京  俞存根  许永久  陈立红  许恒涛  王慧君  张佩怡  刘坤 《海洋学报》2020,42(10):80-91

根据2018年4月（春季）和10月（秋季）在舟山群岛外海域进行的渔业资源调查资料,分析了鱼类的种类组成、数量分布和优势种,并用典范对应分析方法分析了其与水文环境之间的关系。结果表明,舟山群岛外海域鱼类有106种,隶属于12目47科80属,春、秋季鱼类质量密度分别为210.50 kg/km2和829.06 kg/km2,尾数密度分别为8.08×103 ind/km2和165.94×103 ind/km2。春季鱼类资源密度在调查海域的西北部较高,东部较低,而秋季鱼类资源密度在东部海域较高,西北部海域较低。两个季节的鱼类优势种更替明显,春季优势种为黄鮟鱇（Lophius litulon）、日本红娘鱼（Lepidotrigla japonica）、细条天竺鲷（Apogon lineatus）,秋季为细条天竺鲷、日本发光鲷（Acropom japonicum）。鱼类种数呈现显著的季节和空间变化,但是都以西部以及西北部靠近近岸岛屿的海域种类数较高,大部分鱼类栖息在50～80 m水深海域。典范对应分析结果表明,表层温度、底层温度、表层盐度是影响调查海域鱼类种类组成和数量分布的主要环境因子。  相似文献   

基于一维综合孔径微波辐射计的海面温度反演研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

艾未华  冯梦延  陈冠宇  陆文 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,42(5):115-122

Due to the low spatial resolution of sea surface temperature(T_S) retrieval by real aperture microwave radiometers,in this study, an iterative retrieval method that minimizes the differences between brightness temperature(T_B)measured and modeled was used to retrieve sea surface temperature with a one-dimensional synthetic aperture microwave radiometer, temporarily named 1 D-SAMR. Regarding the configuration of the radiometer, an angular resolution of 0.43° was reached by theoretical calculation. Experiments on sea surface temperature retrieval were carried out with ideal parameters; the results show that the main factors affecting the retrieval accuracy of sea surface temperature are the accuracy of radiometer calibration and the precision of auxiliary geophysical parameters. In the case of no auxiliary parameter errors, the greatest error in retrieved sea surface temperature is obtained at low T_S scene(i.e., 0.710 6 K for the incidence angle of 35° under the radiometer calibration accuracy of0.5 K). While errors on auxiliary parameters are assumed to follow a Gaussian distribution, the greatest error on retrieved sea surface temperature was 1.330 5 K at an incidence angle of 65° in poorly known sea surface wind speed(W)(the error on W of 1.0 m/s) over high W scene, for the radiometer calibration accuracy of 0.5 K.  相似文献   

2017年春季季风间期南海中北部浮游植物生长与微型浮游动物摄食     

陈大伟  郭聪聪  余凌晖  鲁远征  孙军 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(6):84-95

Phytoplankton growth rates and mortality rates were experimentally examined at 21 stations during the 2017 spring intermonsoon(April to early May) in the northern and central South China Sea(SCS) using the dilution technique, with emphasis on a comparison between the northern and central SCS areas which had different environmental factors. There had been higher temperature but lower nutrients and chlorophyll a concentrations in the central SCS than those in the northern SCS. The mean rates of phytoplankton growth(μ_0) and microzooplankton grazing(m) were(0.88±0.33) d~(–1) and(0.55±0.22) d~(–1) in the central SCS, and both higher than those in the northern SCS with the values of μ_0((0.81±0.16) d~(–1)) and m((0.30±0.09) d~(–1)), respectively.Phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing rates were significantly coupled in both areas. The microzooplankton grazing impact(m/μ_0) on phytoplankton was also higher in the central SCS(0.63±0.12) than that in the northern SCS(0.37±0.06). The microzooplankton abundance was significantly correlated with temperature in the surface. Temperature might more effectively promote the microzooplankton grazing rate than phytoplankton growth rate, which might contribute to higher m and m/μ_0 in the central SCS. Compared with temperature, nutrients mainly affected the growth rate of phytoplankton. In the nutrient enrichment treatment,the phytoplankton growth rate(μn) was higher than μ_0 in the central SCS, suggesting phytoplankton growth in the central SCS was nutrient limited. The ratio of μ_0/μn was significantly correlated with nutrients concentrations in the both areas, indicating the limitation of nutrients was related to the concentrations of background nutrients in the study stations.  相似文献   

2010-2018年北极夏季中国北极科学考察航行期间被动微波遥感海冰密集度与船基目视观测资料的比较   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

修苑人  李志军  雷瑞波  王庆凯  卢鹏  Lepp&#;ranta Matti 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(9):38-49

为了更有效地将卫星数据应用于北极航行导航,被动微波（PM）产品的海冰密集度（SIC）与从中国北极科学考察中收集到的船基目视观测（OBS）资料进行了比较。在2010、2012、2014、2016和2018年的北极夏季总共收集了3667组目测数据。PM SIC取自基于SSMIS传感器的NASA-Team（NT）、Bootstrap（BT）以及Climate Data Record（CDR）算法和基于AMSR-E/AMSR-2传感器的BT、enhanced NT（NT2）以及ARTIST Sea Ice（ASI）算法。使用PM SIC的日算术平均值和OBS SIC的日加权平均值进行比较。比较了PM SIC和OBS SIC之间的相关系数,偏差和均方根偏差,包括总体趋势以及在轻度/普通/严重冰况下的情况。使用OBS数据,浮冰尺寸和冰厚对不同PM产品SIC反演的影响可以通过计算浮冰尺寸编码和冰厚的日加权平均值来评估。我们的结果显示相关系数的范围为0.89（AMSR-E/AMSR-2 NT2）到0.95（SSMIS NT）,偏差的范围为-3.96%（SSMIS NT）到12.05%（AMSR-E/AMSR-2）,均方根偏差的范围为10.81%（SSMIS NT）到20.15%（AMSR-E/AMSR-2 NT2）。浮冰尺寸对PM产品的SIC反演有显著的影响,大多数PM产品倾向于在小浮冰尺寸情况下低估SIC,而在大浮冰尺寸情况下高估SIC。超过30 cm的冰厚对于PM产品的SIC反演没有明显影响。总体来看,在北极夏季,SSMIS NT SIC与OBS SIC之间有着最好的一致性,而AMSR-E/AMSR-2 NT2 SIC与OBS SIC的一致性最差。  相似文献   

一种用于海洋综合观测浮标的多种通信方式集成系统   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

王春晓  王旭  刘长华  贾思洋 《海洋科学》2020,44(1):142-147

为了优化海洋综合观测浮标的通信系统,设计了一种通信方式集成系统,将多种通信模块进行集成管理,并在每个数据发送周期进行通信信号检测,经过比较选择最优的通信方式进行数据传输。该系统具有采集数据完整、数据冗余小、运行功耗低等优点,有效增强了浮标的通信能力,完善了原有通信系统的功能,并且后期还具备较强的可扩展性功能,如浮标舱内环境监测和独立定位等,进一步增强浮标的安全性。该系统已经完成12个月的海上试运行,系统运行稳定,功能达到预期,可满足海洋综合观测浮标对多种通信方式进行优化管理的需求。  相似文献   

DNQ3型能见度仪故障分析及校准方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

卢舟  王凡  王舜  刘钟中  刘志鹏  佘菁力 《中低纬山地气象》2023,47(2):114-118

为有效提高国家地面气象观测站能见度仪观测数据准确性和设备运行稳定性,对能见度仪开展日常维护、核查校准、数据质控和故障修复等工作显得尤为重要。该文通过对DNQ3型前向散射能见度仪硬件结构和基本工作原理的介绍,以及对一些典型故障进行分析,总结出能见度仪的检测维修流程,归纳了对应的故障解决措施,凝练出该型能见度仪的核查校准和疑误数据质控方法,为一线业务人员开展能见度仪常规维护、故障排查、运行监控等提供借鉴。  相似文献   

Numerical Simulation of Random Wave Overtopping of Rubble Mound Breakwater with Armor Units     

LI Jing-yuan  ZHANG Qing-he  LU Yong-jun 《中国海洋工程》2021,35(2):176-185

Based on the open source code OpenFOAM,a three-dimensional model is presented for simulation of the interaction between waves and rubble mound breakwater with armor units.The armor units with their real geometries are depicted through computational grids.The volume-averaged RANS equation and the seepage equation containing nonlinear term are used to describe the percolation in the core and underlayer of the breakwater.Grids independence analysis are carried out,the horizontal and vertical grid size are recommended to take as one-fifteenth of the mean nominal diameter D₅₀ of the armor units and one-fifteenth of the wave height respectively.Random wave overtopping of rubble mound breakwater with armor units is simulated through the proposed model.The results show good agreement between the simulated and measured overtopping discharge rates for different types of armor units.The developed numerical model can be used to evaluate the random wave overtopping in design of rubble mound breakwater with artificial armor blocs.  相似文献   

基于AHP方法与GIS技术的海底管道路由选择研究     

胡树林  左勖  马安青  潘淑杰  王兆耀 《海洋湖沼通报》2021,(1):18-26

海底管道路由选择与海底管道建设、运营以及后期管理等工作存在密切联系,对管道工程经济性、安全性和合理性有着重要意义.考虑影响海底管道路由选择的自然与社会环境因素,构建了量化的评价体系,以AHP层次分析方法作为数学依据确定评价权重,建立了标准化的路由选择评判模型.进一步,将该模型与GIS空间分析技术相结合,生成以地图可视化...  相似文献   

内蒙古北山地区阿民乌素公婆泉组变质火山岩年代学、地球化学特征及地质意义     

孟庆涛  徐翠  张正平  董洪凯  薛鹏远 《矿物岩石》2021,41(1):67-79

内蒙古北山地区阿民乌素一带公婆泉组变质火山岩主要由钠长阳起岩、斜长阳起岩和斜长阳起片岩组成.三者主量元素显示相对高钠w(Na2O)=0.32％～2.46％,低钾w(K2O)=0.08％～0.38％、钛w(TiO2)=0.93％～1.03％,略富镁 w(MgO)=9.61％～12.04％、钙 w(CaO)=9.96％～1...  相似文献