Excessive greenhouse gas emissions from wastewater treatment plants by using the chemical oxygen demand standard     

Zongqing LV  Xiaoyu SHAN  Xilin XIAO  Ruanhong CAI  Yao ZHANG  Nianzhi JIAO 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2022,65(1):87-95

Chemical oxygen demand(COD)is widely used as an organic pollution indicator in wastewater treatment plants.Large amounts of organic matter are removed during treatment processes to meet environmental standards,and consequently,substantial greenhouse gases(GHGs)such as methane(CH₄)are released.However,the COD indicator covers a great amount of refractory organic matter that is not a pollutant and could be a potential carbon sink.Here,we collected and analysed COD data from 86 worldwide municipal wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)and applied a model published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to estimate the emission of CH₄ due to recalcitrant organic compound processing in China’s municipal wastewater treatment systems.Our results showed that the average contribution of refractory COD to total COD removal was55%in 86 WWTPs.The amount of CH₄ released from the treatment of recalcitrant organic matter in 2018 could have been as high as 38.22 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent,which amounts to the annual carbon sequestered by China’s wetlands.This suggests that the use of COD as an indicator for organic pollution is undue and needs to be revised to reduce the emission of GHG.In fact,leaving nontoxic recalcitrant organic matter in the wastewater may create a significant carbon sink and will save energy during the treatment process,aiming at carbon neutrality in the wastewater treatment industry.  相似文献   

中亚造山带东南部晚古生代-早中生代地壳增生和古亚洲洋演化:来自内蒙古东南部林西-东乌旗地区岩浆岩的证据SCIEI北大核心CSCD     

刘建峰  李锦轶  赵硕  张进  郑荣国  张文龙  吕前露  郑培玺 《岩石学报》2022,(8):2181-2215

本文在系统收集内蒙古林西-东乌旗地区晚古生代-早中生代岩浆岩的年代学、岩石地球化学以及锆石Hf同位素资料基础上,通过分析岩浆岩岩石组合随时空的变化规律,并结合区域地质资料,探讨了中亚造山带东南部洋盆演化和地壳增生等重要地质问题。研究结果表明,二连浩特-贺根山蛇绿岩带南、北两侧晚古生代-早中生代岩浆岩在年代学上显示不同的活动期次,具有不同岩石组合和地球化学特征,指示它们分属于不同的构造岩浆岩带。蛇绿岩带以北晚泥盆世-中二叠世岩浆活动在时间上呈连续分布的特征,并在晚石炭-早二叠世时期达到活动峰值。火成岩构造组合分析表明,晚泥盆世-石炭纪和早-中二叠世岩浆活动分别与二连浩特-贺根山洋盆向乌里雅斯太大陆边缘之下的俯冲和洋盆闭合后俯冲板片断离引起的软流圈上涌造成的区域伸展背景有关。蛇绿岩带以南岩浆活动时间上呈现石炭纪、早-中二叠世、晚二叠世-三叠纪幕式分布特征,各期岩浆活动前锋有随时间向南迁移的趋势。这三期岩浆活动分别与古亚洲洋板片向宝力道岛弧之下的俯冲、板片后撤以及洋盆消失之后古板块的碰撞造山作用有关。锆石Hf同位素分析表明,中亚造山带东南部晚古生代至早中生代时期存在显著的地壳增生;其中二连浩特-贺根山蛇绿岩带以北表现为地壳的垂向增生,以南表现为地壳的侧向增生。  相似文献   

内蒙古林西县北三段银铅多金属矿床碳、氧、硫、铅同位素特征及成矿物质来源     

吕向光 《地质与勘探》2015,51(5):898-906

本文对内蒙古林西县北三段银铅多金属矿床矿体的碳、氧、硫、铅同位素进行了测定,并对其成矿物质来源及演化进行了探讨。矿区样品的δ34S‰变化范围为-0.24‰~2.37‰,平均值为1.29‰,初步认为矿石中的硫主要来源于深部岩浆,并有少量生物还原硫的加入。样品的δ13CPDB变化范围为-4.57‰~-7.33‰,平均值为-5.96‰,δ18O为-3.4‰~-4.8‰,平均值为-4.06‰;δ13CPDB-δ18OSMOW关系表明,矿体中的碳可能主要由基性-超基性岩浆提供,并有部分来源于地层,且受大气水影响明显。铅同位素表明北三段矿床的成矿物质可能由造山带物质和地幔物质两部分提供。  相似文献   

Provincial evaluation of vulnerability to geological disaster in China and its influencing factors: a three-stage DEA-based analysis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mingze Li  Jun Lv  Xin Chen  Nan Jiang 《Natural Hazards》2015,79(3):1649-1662

  相似文献   

Experimental study of the effects of non-uniformly distributed fine soil on mechanical properties of Shenyang–Dandong Railway coarse-grained soil     

QianMi Yu  JianKun Liu  JingYu Liu  DingJun Lv  TengFei Wang 《寒旱区科学》2015,7(5):503-512

The stress produced by repeated train loads decreases with increasing railway subgrade bed depth, and slightly weathered coarse particles of subgrade bed fillings can be broken at different levels under continuous load. Thus, the mass of fine soil, with a diameter of not more than 0.075 mm, is different at different depths. Fine soil is also sensitive to frost heave and thaw settlement. In order to study the effects of non-uniformly distributed fine soil on the mechanical properties of coarse-grained soil of the Shenyang-Dandong Railway, triaxial tests were conducted with three types of specimens, undergoing six freeze-thaw cycle numbers(0, 1, 3, 7, 9, 12) and three confining pressures(100, 200, 300 k Pa). The freezing temperature is-5 °C and the thawing temperature is +15 °C. The stress-strain behavior, static strength, resilient modulus, cohesive force and the angle of internal friction were measured for different tested specimens. As a result, the law of static strength and resilient modulus of different specimens following the increase of freeze-thaw cycles under three confining pressures is obtained. The changing law of cohesive force and friction angle of three specimens following the increase of freeze-thaw cycles is also calculated, and the different results of different specimens are also compared.  相似文献   

锡林浩特国家气候观象台观测系统发展的思考     

吕向伟 《内蒙古气象》2013,(3):42-43

锡林浩特国家气候观象台是全区乃至全国观测项目最多、重要性最强的气象台站之一,但在近几年的发展过程中遇到了一些问题。文章重点分析了锡林浩特国家气候观象台观测系统的组成和存在的问题,探讨了推进锡林浩特国家气候观象台观测系统发展的思路。  相似文献   

钢悬链线立管与海床土体接触问题的ANSYS有限元分析     

郭海燕  高秦岭  王小东 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,39(3)

钢悬链线立管(SCR)与海床土体的接触问题对立管的疲劳寿命影响很大.运用ANSYS有限元软件中的接触单元模拟SCR与海床接触处的相互作用,考虑海床土体的非线性,建立SCR与海床系统有限元模型,并同已有的等价梁-弹簧模型进行了比较和验证.运用该模型进行计算分析,探讨了管道重量、土体模型和摩擦系数等对管道入土深度和弯矩的影响,为进一步研究SCR与海床的相互作用提供参考.  相似文献   

Release of heavy metals during weathering of the Lower Cambrian Black Shales in western Hunan,China   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Bo?PengEmail author  Zhaoliang?Song  Xiangling?Tu  Meilian?Xiao  Fucheng?Wu  Huanzhe?Lv 《Environmental Geology》2004,45(8):1137-1147

Weathering of heavy metal enriched black shales may be one of the most important sources of environmental contamination in areas where black shales are distributed. Heavy metal release during weathering of the Lower Cambrian Black Shales (LCBS) in western Hunan, China, was investigated using traditional geochemical methods and the ICP-MS analytical technique. Concentrations of 16 heavy metals, 8 trace elements and P were measured for samples from selected weathering profiles at the Taiping vanadium ore mine (TP), the Matian phosphorous ore mine (MT), and Taojiang stone-coal mine (TJ). The results show that the bedrock at these three profiles is enriched with Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Th, U, Mo, Cd, Sb, Tl, and P. Based on mass-balance calculation, the percentages of heavy metals released (in % loss) relative to immobile element Nb were estimated. The results show significant rates of release during weathering of: V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, U, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, and Tl for the TP profile; Sc, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Th, Cd, and Sn for the MT profile; and Sc, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Th, Cd, Sn, and Tl for the TJ profile. Among these heavy metals, Co, Ni, Zn, Cd, and Sn show very similar features of release from each of the three weathering profiles. The heavy metals released during weathering may affect the environment (especially topsoil and surface waters) and are possibly related to an observed high incidence of endemic diseases in the area.  相似文献   

重庆市巴南区地热资源开发利用现状及前景分析     

吕玉香  胡伟  周军 《西部资源》2012,(3):57-59

巴南区地热资源丰富,热储总存量为3.105×1015KJ,热流体储存总量为6.855×108m3。经30多年的开发利用,已初步形成了以东温泉、南温泉、桥口坝温泉为核心的温泉旅游开发格局,主要用于温泉房地产开发、风景区、温泉旅游、康乐疗养休闲、商务会展等。为提升开发利用水平,巴南区地热水资源开发要以市场为导向,以效益为目标,突出重点、打造精品、强化特色、完善配套,建设特色温泉产业。  相似文献   

质子化壳聚糖吸附除磷效能研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王凌匀  吕清扬王山金峰 刘洁 《西部资源》2012,(3):135-137

本研究通过质子化方法强化壳聚糖的除磷效果,研究壳聚糖的质子化度、吸附时间、磷的存在形态等因素对质子化壳聚糖除磷效果的影响,结果表明,壳聚糖对水中总磷及磷酸根的吸附效果随着其质子化度的升高而呈现明显加强的趋势;质子化壳聚糖对水中总磷的吸附量随着时间的延长而增加,吸附时间在70-80min时达到最大吸附量;水溶液中磷的存在形态,影响质子化壳聚糖的除磷效果。  相似文献