Seismic design of yielding structures on flexible foundations          下载免费PDF全文

Masoud Moghaddasi  Gregory A. MacRae  J.  G. Chase  Misko Cubrinovski  Stefano Pampanin 《地震工程与结构动力学》2015,44(11):1805-1821

This paper introduces a simple method to consider the effects of inertial soil–structure interaction (SSI) on the seismic demands of a yielding single‐degree‐of‐freedom structure. This involves idealizing the yielding soil–structure system as an effective substitute oscillator having a modified period, damping ratio, and ductility. A parametric study is conducted to obtain the ratio between the displacement ductility demand of a flexible‐base system and that of the corresponding fixed‐base system. It is shown that while additional foundation damping can reduce the overall response, the effects of SSI may also increase the ductility demand of some structures, mostly being ductile and having large structural aspect ratio, up to 15%. Finally, a design procedure is provided for incorporation of the SSI effects on structural response. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Effect of Operating Parameters on the Performance of a Thiobacillus thioparus‐Immobilized Polyurethane Foam Biotrickling Filter for Hydrogen Sulfide Removal          下载免费PDF全文

Niloofar Abdehagh  Masoud T. Namini  Babak Bonakdarpour  Seyed Mohammad Heydarian 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(9):1311-1317

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Geodetic evidence on segmentation of Cascadia subduction zone based on episodic tremors and slips using multivariate harmonic analysis of GPS time series     

Roya Mousavian  Masoud Mashhadi Hossainali 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2014,58(3):376-387

Episodic tremor and slip (ETS) events with different recurrence intervals have been observed in abundance all along the Cascadia subduction zone margin. Analysis of seismic records as well as Global Positioning System (GPS) time series of the Pacific Northwest Geodetic Array (PANGA) has suggested three distinct coherent zones for the occurrence of these events. In this paper multivariate harmonic estimation has been deployed for further analysis of the segmentation in this area. Raw time series of 43 permanent GPS stations have been used for this purpose. The GPS stations have been geographically divided into three distinct groups including those in the northern, middle and southern parts of the study area. After the reduction of time series for the linear trend as well as annual and semiannual effects, the data series of each group has been analyzed using the multivariate harmonic estimation technique. Subsequently, different combinations of GPS stations including the stations located in the southern, northern and middle zones have been analyzed. Furthermore, the northern and middle, southern and middle as well as the northern and southern zone pair combinations have also been analyzed. The statistical measure devised for identifying the significant frequencies suggests common periods that are consistent with the recurrence intervals of the ETS events already reported for each of the above three geographic zones. Moreover, the method can provide geodetic evidence, in addition to geophysical ones, on the segmentation of ETSs, provided that the adopted time series are of a sufficient length. The geodetic evidence obtained in this research is consistent with the recurrence intervals as well as the boundaries obtained by the analysis of seismic records. Contrary to univariate harmonic estimation, multivariate approach using spatio-temporal correlation of the GPS time series is capable to detect those ETSs whose impacts on the time series are weak.  相似文献   

Experimental study on scour and flow field in a scour hole around a T-shape spur dike in a 90° bend   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

Masoud GHODSIAN  Mohammad VAGHEFI 《国际泥沙研究》2009,24(2):145-158

In this paper results of experimental study on scour and flow field around a T-shape spur dike in a 90 degree channel bend are presented. Experiments were conducted in a laboratory channel to measure the variations of bed topography under a clear water condition. The three dimensional flow field was measured by an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter in a scour hole due to a T-shape spur dike. It was found that by increasing the Froude number and length of spur dike the amount of scour increases. Increasing the wing length of spur dike decreases the scour. The amount of scour at the upstream of spur dike is much more as compare to that at the downstream of spur dike. By increasing the wing length of spur dike the zone of flow separation expands. As a result the sizes of vortex increase. Details of flow field are also addressed in the paper.  相似文献   

Stability analysis and optimization of the support system of an underground powerhouse cavern considering rock mass variability     

Mahmoud Behnia  Masoud Cheraghi Seifabad 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(18):645

Input parameters, such as rock mass strength parameters and deformation modulus, considered in the design of underground openings involve some uncertainty. The current uncertainty in these parameters is due to the inherent variability of these parameters. To quantify these parameters and design underground openings, the statistical methods must be utilized. In this research, a statistical method was used to define the GSI of rock mass (Geological Strength Index), block volume (V_b), and joint conditions (J_c). Using the GSI distribution function obtained from field data and intact rock strength characteristics, the statistical distribution functions of rock mass parameters were defined using the Monte Carlo method. The statistical analysis of the stability in Azad-pumped storage powerhouse cavern was carried out through the point estimate method. The appropriate support system was suggested according to the support pressure and the plastic zone around the cavern. This study showed the application of the statistical method, by combining the uncertainties of the intact rock strength and discontinuity parameters, in the assessment of the strength and deformability of rock masses and the support selection process in comparison with the deterministic methods.  相似文献   

Experimental study of the effect of material and arrangement of electrodes and voltage on the electro-remediation of saturated clays containing chloride and sulfate ions     

Alireza Ebrahimi Fahadani  Masoud Oulapour  Nematollah Jaafarzadeh 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(21):671

Electro-remediation process (ERP) is used for dewatering and decontaminating of the soil and improving its mechanical properties. In this study, the effect of voltage, electrode materials, and their arrangement on ERP were studied. The saturated clayey soil was remolded in four boxes at a dry density of 16.2 kN/m³. The process was performed in three stages. The chemical tests at the end of ERP indicated that the absorption of chloride ions in the anode may differ from 89 to 642% due to electro-migration phenomenon. The pH of the soil decreases in anode zone and increases towards the cathode zone. Up to 92% of the sulfate ions were transported and accumulated in the anode. However, in highly contaminated soil, the absorption ratio is 5% in the cathode due to the domination of electro-osmosis process. It was indicated that the electro-osmosis permeability coefficient (K_e) depends on the applied voltage, the soil type, and temperature and its reduction versus time is inversely related to applied voltage. Also, sulfate ions reduced by 74% in the anode due to a change in absorption direction. The results showed that the optimum configuration is linear along with a voltage of 18 V.  相似文献   

4D tomographic reconstruction of the tropospheric wet refractivity using the concept of virtual reference station,case study: northwest of Iran     

Zohre Adavi  Masoud Mashhadi-Hossainali 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2014,126(3-4):193-205

Iran enjoys a variety of climatological conditions. Moreover, numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are not assimilated with the meteorological data in Iran, the country suffering from poor spatial and temporal resolution of radiosonde measurements. These facts make modeling of troposphere impossible using the measurements and NWP. On the other hand, the global positioning system (GPS) has been emerged as a valuable tool for modeling and remote sensing of Earth’s atmosphere. This research is the first attempt to address the tropospheric wet refractivity modeling by GPS measurements in Iran. Changes of topography in the study area are taken into account. As a leading work, virtual reference stations (VRS) are used to fix the rank deficiency of the problem. The model space resolution matrix is used to achieve the optimum spatial resolution of the tomographic model and the optimum number of VRS stations. The accuracy of the developed model (KNTU1) is investigated by deploying radiosonde measurements.  相似文献   

Integration between morphometric parameters,hydrologic model,and geo-informatics techniques for estimating WADI runoff (case study WADI HALYAH—Saudi Arabia)     

Jalal Basahi  Milad Masoud  Syed Zaidi 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(13):610

In arid and semiarid areas, the only surface and groundwater recharge source is the runoff generated through flash floods. Lack of hydrological data in such areas makes runoff estimation extremely complicated. Flash floods are considered catastrophic phenomena posing a major hazardous threat to cities, villages, and their infrastructures. The objective of this study is to assess the flash flood hazard and runoff in Wadi Halyah and its sub-basins. Integration of morphometric parameters, geo-informatics, and hydrological models has been done to overcome the challenge of scarcity of data.Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection (ASTER) data was used to prepare a digital elevation model (DEM) with 30-m resolution, and geographical information system (GIS) was used in the evaluation of network, geometry, texture, and relief features of the morphometric parameters. Thirty-eight morphometric parameters were estimated and have been linked together for producing nine effective parameters for evaluation of the flash flood hazard in the study basin.Flash flood hazard in Wadi Halyah and its sub-basins was identified and grouped into three classes depending on nine effective parameters directly influencing the flood prone areas. Calculated runoff volume of Wadi Halyah ranges from 26.7 × 10⁶ to 111.4 × 10⁶ m³ with an inundation area of 15 and 27 km² at return periods of 5 and 100 years, respectively. Mathematical relationships among rainfall depth, runoff volume, infiltration losses, and rainfall excess demonstrate a strong directly proportional relationships with correlation coefficient of about 0.99.  相似文献   

Application of soft computing in predicting rock fragmentation to reduce environmental blasting side effects     

Masoud Monjezi  Hasan Ali Mohamadi  Bahare Barati  Manoj Khandelwal 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(2):505-511

In the blasting operation, risk of facing with undesirable environmental phenomena such as ground vibration, air blast, and flyrock is very high. Blasting pattern should properly be designed to achieve better fragmentation to guarantee the successfulness of the process. A good fragmentation means that the explosive energy has been applied in a right direction. However, many studies indicate that only 20–30 % of the available energy is actually utilized for rock fragmentation. Involvement of various effective parameters has made the problem complicated, advocating application of new approaches such as artificial intelligence-based techniques. In this paper, artificial neural network (ANN) method is used to predict rock fragmentation in the blasting operation of the Sungun copper mine, Iran. The predictive model is developed using eight and three input and output parameters, respectively. Trying various types of the networks, it was found that a trained model with back-propagation algorithm having architecture 8-15-8-3 is the optimum network. Also, performance comparison of the ANN modeling with that of the statistical method was confirmed robustness of the neural networks to predict rock fragmentation in the blasting operation. Finally, sensitivity analysis showed that the most influential parameters on fragmentation are powder factor, burden, and bench height.  相似文献   

Online Multi-step Ahead Prediction of Time-Varying Solar and Geomagnetic Activity Indices via Adaptive Neurofuzzy Modeling and Recursive Spectral Analysis     

Masoud Mirmomeni  Caro Lucas  Babak Nadjar Araabi  Behzad Moshiri  Mohammad Reza Bidar 《Solar physics》2011,272(1):189-213

The time-varying Sun as the main source of space weather affects the Earth??s magnetosphere by emitting hot magnetized plasma in the form of solar wind into interplanetary space. Solar and geomagnetic activity indices and their chaotic characteristics vary abruptly during solar and geomagnetic storms. This variation depicts the difficulties in modeling and long-term prediction of solar and geomagnetic storms. On the other hand, the combination of neurofuzzy models and spectral analysis has been a subject of interest due to their many practical applications in modeling and predicting complex phenomena. However, these approaches should be trained by algorithms that need to be carried out by an offline data set, which influences their performance in online modeling and prediction of time-varying phenomena. This paper proposes an adaptive approach for multi-step ahead prediction of space weather indices by extending the regular singular spectrum analysis and locally linear neurofuzzy models to adaptive approaches. The combination of these recursive approaches fulfills requirements of long-term prediction of solar and geomagnetic activity indices. The results demonstrate the power of the proposed method in online prediction of space weather indices.  相似文献