Development of a geotechnical and geophysical database for seismic zonation of the Ankara Basin,Turkey     

Mustafa K. Koçkar  Haluk Akgün 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(1):165-182

The Kocaeli earthquake (M _w = 7.4) of 17 August 1999 occurred in the Eastern Marmara Region of Turkey along the North Anadolu Fault and resulted in a very serious loss of life and property. One of the most important geotechnical issues of this event was the permanent ground deformations because of both liquefaction and faulting. These deformations occurred particularly along the southern shores of ?zmit Bay and Sapanca Lake between the cities of Yalova and Adapazar? in the west and east, respectively. In this study, three sites founded on delta fans, namely De?irmendere Nose, Yeniköy tea garden at Seymen on the coast of ?zmit Bay, and Vak?f Hotel site on the coast of Sapanca Lake were selected as typical cases. The main causes of the ground deformations at these sites were then investigated. Geotechnical characterization of the ground, derivation of displacement vectors from the pre- and post-earthquake aerial photographs, liquefaction assessments based on field performance data, and analyses carried out using the sliding body method have been fundamental in this study. The displacement vectors determined from photogrammetric evaluations conducted at De?irmendere and Seymen showed a combined movement of faulting and liquefaction. But except the movements in the close vicinity of shorelines, the dominant factor in this movement was faulting. The results obtained from the analyses suggested that the ground failure at De?irmendere was a submarine landslide mainly because of earthquake shaking rather than liquefaction. On the other hand, the ground failures at the Yeniköy tea garden on the coast of Seymen and the hotel area in Sapanca town resulted from liquefaction-induced lateral spreading. It was also obtained that the ground deformations estimated from the sliding body method were quite close to those measured by aerial photogrammetry technique.  相似文献   

Use of USLE/GIS technology integrated with geostatistics to assess soil erosion risk in different land uses of Indagi Mountain Pass—Çankırı, Turkey     

A. Ugur Ozcan  Gunay Erpul  Mustafa Basaran  H. Emrah Erdogan 《Environmental Geology》2008,53(8):1731-1741

The universal soil loss equation (USLE) is an erosion model to estimate average soil loss that would generally result from splash, sheet, and rill erosion from agricultural plots. Recently, use of USLE has been extended as a useful tool predicting soil losses and planning control practices by the effective integration of the GIS-based procedures to estimate the factor values on a grid cell basis. This study was performed for five different lands uses of Indağı Mountain Pass, Cankırı to predict the soil erosion risk by the USLE/GIS methodology for planning conservation measures in the site. Of the USLE factors, rainfall-runoff erosivity factor (USLE-R) and topographic factor (USLE-LS) were greatly involved in GIS. These were surfaced by correcting USLE-R site-specifically using DEM and climatic data and by evaluating USLE-LS by the flow accumulation tool using DEM and watershed delineation tool to consider the topographical and hydrological effects on the soil loss. The study assessed the soil erodibility factor (USLE-K) by randomly sampled field properties by geostatistical analysis. Crop management factor for different land-use/land cover type and land use (USLE-C) was assigned to the numerical values from crop and flora type, canopy and density of five different land uses, which are plantation, recreational land, cropland, forest and grassland, by means of reclassifying digital land use map available for the site. Support practice factor (USLE-P) was taken as a unit assuming no erosion control practices. USLE/GIS technology together with the geostatistics combined these major erosion factors to predict average soil loss per unit area per unit time. Resulting soil loss map revealed that spatial average soil loss in terms of the land uses were 1.99, 1.29, 1.21, 1.20, 0.89 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ for the cropland, grassland, recreation, plantation and forest, respectively. Since the rate of soil formation was expected to be so slow in Central Anatolia of Turkey and any soil loss of more than 1 ton ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ over 50–100 years was considered as irreversible for this region, soil erosion in the Indağı Mountain Pass, to the great extent, attained the irreversible state, and these findings should be very useful to take mitigation measures in the site.  相似文献   

A Practical Approach to Mine Equipment Sizing in Relation to Dig-Limit Optimization in Complex Orebodies: Multi-Rock Type,Multi-Process,and Multi-Metal Case     

Julian Ramirez Ruiseco  Mustafa Kumral 《Natural Resources Research》2017,26(1):23-35

Equipment sizing is a developed field of mining engineering, which considers all aspects related to productivity, and grade distribution. Current methods of equipment sizing consider block dilution, but do not analyze the impact of the selectivity changes on practical dig-limits. This research analyzed the impact of varying equipment sizes on a highly variable three destination, Au and Cu bench, in a sulfide/oxide deposit. The study shows that selectivity sizing profit and size relationships are nonlinear, and exhibit severe break points if insufficiently selective equipment is used. The proposed technique can be used for sizing mine equipment in complex deposits.  相似文献   

Creation of Histograms for Data in Various Mineral Resource and Engineering Problems: A Review of Existing Methods and a Proposed New Method to Define Bin Number     

Louis St-Pierre  Yuksel Asli Sari  Mustafa Kumral 《Natural Resources Research》2017,26(2):201-212

Histograms are widely used in geosciences for data analysis and visualization. In cases where a distribution is not fitted to data, histograms are often used to address various sampling- and interpolation-related aspects. However, the results of these applications are substantially affected by the histogram’s number of bins as determined by several binning methods. This paper proposes a new binning approach and compares it with various standard approaches to demonstrate the relative performance of the new approach. Cut-off grade optimization for polymetallic deposits, Monte-Carlo modeling, and derivation of conditional distribution, all of which use histograms, are used as case studies. The proposed technique is based on calculating the squared error for each bin in a histogram, and combining the error values to evaluate the total error for each histogram. The new technique then selects the bin number which minimizes the total error. The results showed that the new binning approach is well suited for binning small datasets and can be used in geoscience applications if needed.  相似文献   

The migration of the Danagla to port Sudan: A case study on the impact of migration on the change of identity     

Prof. Mustafa M. Khogali Dr. 《GeoJournal》1991,25(1):63-71

The study of the history and dynamics of the migration of the Danagla to Port Sudan proves that they belong to the most active groups in the Sudan. Though they have completely dropped their agricultural background and adopted an entirely urban character they still have close contacts both to each other in town and to their home land. Their migration is, nontheless, a permanent one.  相似文献   

Flow against dispersion in two-dimensional regions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mustafa M. Aral  Yi Tang 《Journal of Hydrology》1992,140(1-4):261-277

In field applications, upstream spreading of contaminant plumes may be controlled by the flow of fresh water in a direction opposite to the dispersive expansion direction of the plume. In the current literature this type of control is identified as flow against dispersion or contrary flow. In this study analytic methods are used to investigate contrary flow conditions for two-dimensional applications. In particular, special attention is given to the dispersive spread of the contaminant plume in the transverse direction under equilibrium flow against dispersion. Typical problems analyzed emphasize the effect of adsorption and transverse dispersion on the overall control process. Problems analyzed indicate that equilibrium flow velocities deduced from one-dimensional analysis, which may balance the dispersive spread of the plume in the longitudinal direction, represent an over design condition when these equilibrium velocities are compared with the conditions generated from a two-dimensional model for a downstream source which is finite in the transverse direction.  相似文献   

Effects of iron and chrome slag on the index compaction and strength parameters of clayey soils     

Mustafa Vekli  Cenk Cuma Çadır  Ferhat Şahinkaya 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(5):425

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Chemical fractionation,mobility and environmental impacts of heavy metals in greenhouse soils from Çanakkale,Turkey     

Ali Sungur  Mustafa Soylak  Hasan Özcan 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(4):334

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Assessment of multi-scenario rockfall hazard based on mechanical parameters using high-resolution airborne laser scanning data and GIS in a tropical area     

Ali Mutar Fanos  Biswajeet Pradhan  Azlan Abdul Aziz  Mustafa Neamah Jebur  Hyuck-Jin Park 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(15):1129

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How does the North Atlantic Oscillation affect the water levels of the Great Lakes with regard to hydro-climatic indicators?     

Mustafa Dogan 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2016,126(3-4):597-609

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