Variations of the specific barrier model—part I: effect of subevent size distributions     

Benedikt Halldorsson  Apostolos S. Papageorgiou 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2012,10(4):1299-1319

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Earthquake response of two repaired buildings damaged in past seismic shaking     

A. S. Papageorgiou 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》1991,10(5)

Two reinforced concrete buildings which suffered architectural and minor structural damage during the 1971 San Fernando earthquake, were shaken again by the 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake. Their well recorded responses are analyzed employing a system identification technique. Comparison of the vibration parameters inferred from analyses of the Whittier earthquake response to the corresponding parameters inferred from dynamic response data before, during and after the San Fernando earthquake verify the adequacy of the repairs made on the structures. Also, comparison of the recorded dynamic responses with the design code requirements provides supporting evidence for the adequacy of current design practices.  相似文献   

The Barrier Model and Strong Ground Motion     

A. S. Papageorgiou 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2003,160(3-4):603-634

— An overview of the most important developments in Engineering (or Strong Motion) Seismology is presented alongside Professor Keiiti Aki's contributions, who is one of the founders of this field. The mechanics of earthquake rupture are discussed with due emphasis on the various physical phenomena. The presentation is made in a tutorial manner, borrowing freely from Keiiti Aki's papers, and endeavoring to emulate his unique style of clarity, simplicity and synthetic ability.  相似文献   

Response of base-isolated buildings to random excitations described by the Clough-Penzien spectral model     

B. C. Lin  I. G. Tadjbakhsh  A. S. Papageorgiou  G. Ahmadi 《地震工程与结构动力学》1989,18(1):49-62

The stationary response of base-isolated buildings subjected to earthquake excitation is studied. The frequency content of earthquake input is described by the Clough-Penzien spectral model. The response parameters of interest are (1) the root-mean-square (RMS) displacement σ_x of the basement relative to the foundation (i.e. shear deformation of the isolation system) and (2) the ratio (σ_a/σ_a0) of the RMS value of the absolute acceleration at the roof of the isolated structure over the corresponding value when the isolation system is locked. The variation of these response parameters with the effective frequency f₀ of the base-isolated structure is investigated. As input, earthquakes with moment magnitudes M = 7-3 and M = 6-0 are considered. The acceleration spectra corresponding to these two earthquake sizes have pronouncedly different frequency content over the frequency range 0–1-1–0 Hz which is of primary importance for base-isolated structures. An important conclusion that comes from these analyses is that confidence in the effectiveness of a base-isolated system should be based primarily on its capacity to absorb/dissipate energy and less on its influence in shifting the fundamental period of the structure out of the range of dominant earthquake energy.  相似文献   

Church repair swarms and earthquakes in Rhodes Island, Greece   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S. Stiros  S. Papageorgiou  V. Kontogianni  P. Psimoulis 《Journal of Seismology》2006,10(4):527-537

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Response of tall buildings to base rocking induced by Rayleigh waves          下载免费PDF全文

Kristel C. Meza Fajardo  Apostolos S. Papageorgiou 《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(8):1755-1773

By now, it is well known that long‐period surface waves can induce resonant response in high‐rise buildings, in particular those located in sedimentary basins. Rayleigh wave passage has been reported to induce rocking motion at the base of the buildings which can increase displacement demands significantly. However, the building behavior to base rocking has not been extensively studied because commercially available instruments do not record rotational components of ground motion, and thus, rocking time histories have not been available to the analysts. In a recent study, we proposed an effective method for estimating the rocking associated with Rayleigh waves, which takes into account their frequency‐dependent phase velocities. In the present work, we select a number of recorded seismic motions which include surface waves on sedimentary basins from recent well‐recorded earthquake events. Then, we proceed to identify and extract the recorded surface waves by using the technique mentioned above. Using realistic soil‐structure analytical models that have been proposed in the published literature for high‐rise buildings, we study their response to Rayleigh waves as they respond to both translational and rocking motions. Of particular interest is to compare the response of such structures with and without the presence of rotational motions due to surface waves. Using the roof displacement and the building interstory drift as response quantities, our results indicate that demands are controlled by rotational (rocking) motions associated with Rayleigh waves.  相似文献   

Seismicity of Western Crete and the destruction of the town of Kisamos at AD 365: Archaeological evidence     

Stathis C. Stiros  Sofia Papageorgiou 《Journal of Seismology》2001,5(3):381-397

The study of numerous archaeological excavations permits us to concludethat shortly after AD 355–361, the wealthy Roman town of Kisamos inwestern Crete was affected by a devastating earthquake (minimum intensityXI), which left many of the town's inhabitants buried under the ruins. Thisearthquake can be related to the July 21, 365 earthquake (M > 8),which was associated with a great tsunami, and was probably responsible forup to 9 m uplift of Western Crete; it probably resulted from thereactivation of a major thrust fault along the Hellenic Arc. Thearchaeological stratigraphy of Kisamos between circa AD 50 and AD650 testifies to two other, small-scale stratigraphic discontinuities that maybe related to two other smaller earthquakes, which produced 10–20 cmof coastal subsidence in AD 46–66 and in circa AD 270. There isevidence for a tsunami associated with the AD 46–66 earthquake, whichagrees with sedimentological data from the nearby ancient harbour ofPhalasarna, which was uplifted about 6.5 m in AD 365.The following evidence indicates that Western Crete is not seismicallyquiescent, as previously believed on the basis of historical data, but that ithas been affected by very strong, AD 365-type earthquakes followed byrelatively quiescence periods, that were at least several thousand years long:(1) Major earthquakes of Western Crete produced coastal uplift orsubsidence, while coastal stability indicates the absence of strongearthquakes; such stability characterizes this part of the island after AD365; (2) No evidence of earthquakes exist in the archaeological record ofKisamos between AD 365 and circa AD 650 and of Chania since AD1400/1500.  相似文献   

Local-soil and source-mechanism effects in the 1986 kalamata (Greece) earthquake     

George Gazetas  Panos Dakoulas  Apostolos Papageorgiou 《地震工程与结构动力学》1990,19(3):431-456

An M_s ～ 6 earthquake, originating at a normal fault directly underneath the town of Kalamata, caused substantial structural damage to reinforced-concrete and masonry buildings, to contemporary as well as centuries-old churches, and to a major harbour quaywall. Two accelerograms were recorded on stiff alluvial deposits. The seismologic and engineering facts of the earthquake are presented in the first half of the paper. Particular attention is paid to the non-uniform pattern of damage distribution, at both regional and local scale. The second half of the paper investigates the possible role of the ‘local soil conditions’ and of the ‘mechanics of the source’ in the observed pattern of damage and in the amplitude and frequency composition of the two records. To this end, numerical modelling of site-specific motions is attempted using state-of-practice methods, and utilizing the results of an extensive geotechnical exploration programme. It is concluded that substantial evidence does exist indicating that both soil and source effects have contributed to the non-uniform spatial distribution of damage. The effect of through-soil ‘filtering’ of the seismic waves appears most evident in the coastal neighbourhoods of the town, where the underlying loose saturated silty sands in the over-50 m-deep soil deposit may have played a beneficial role in weakening the ground-surface shaking; the structural damage in these areas was insignificant. Qualitative arguments are also put forward for explaining some aspects of the observed pattern of damage in terms of fault orientation and ‘directivity’ effects.  相似文献   

Spatial patterns of biodiversity in the Black Sea: An assessment using benthic polychaetes     

Victor Surugiu  Nikolai Revkov  Valentina Todorova  Nafsika Papageorgiou  Vasilis Valavanis  Christos Arvanitidis 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

The current study broadens the biodiversity information available for the Black Sea and neighbouring regions and improves our knowledge about the polychaete biogeographic patterns to be discerned in them. There appears to be a well-defined zoogeocline from the Marmara Sea and Bosphorus Strait to the inner parts of the region (Azov Sea), depicted both as a multivariate pattern and in terms of species (or taxa) numbers. The emergent multivariate pattern complies, to a certain extent, with Jakubova’s (1935) views: three main sectors can be defined in the basin: (a) Prebosphoric, (b) the Black Sea and, (c) the Azov Sea, whereas the Bosphorus Strait and Marmara Sea show less faunal affinities with the afore-mentioned sectors. Patterns derived both from the cosmopolitan and Atlanto-Mediterranean species closely follow the one coming from the polychaete species and genera inventories. As a general trend, species numbers decrease along with the decrease in salinity towards the inner parts of the region. The trend is homologous to that seen in the benthic invertebrate inventories of all the major European semi-enclosed regional seas. Salinity and food availability appear to be the dominant abiotic factors correlated, though weakly, with the various patterns deriving from the taxonomic/zoogeographic categories. With the exception of the Anatolia, polychaete inventories from all sectors appear to be random samples of the total inventory of the region, in terms of taxonomic distinctness values. Therefore, these sectoral inventories can be used for future biodiversity/environmental impact assessment studies. A massive invasion of Mediterranean species after the opening of the Black Sea, in the lower Quaternary period, appears to be the likely biogeographic mechanism through which the old Sarmatic fauna was almost completely replaced by species of marine origin.  相似文献   

Influence of lateral-load-resisting system on the earthquake response of structures—a system identification study     

Apostolos S. Papageorgiou  Bing-Chang Lin 《地震工程与结构动力学》1989,18(6):799-814

Analysis and comparison of the dynamic responses of three well instrumented (with accelerographs) high-rise buildings shaken during the 1984 Morgan Hill earthquake are presented. The buildings examined in the present work are (i) the Town Park Towers Apartment building, a 10-storey, concrete shear wall building; (ii) the Great Western Savings and Loan building, a 10-storey building with concrete frames and shear walls; and (iii) the Santa Clara County Office building, a 13-storey, moment-resistant steel frame building. The structures are located within 2 km of each other and, as may be confirmed by visual inspection of the recorded seismograms, experienced similar ground motions. One-dimensional and three-dimensional linear structural models are fitted to the observations using the modal minimization method' for structural identification, in order to determine optimal estimates of the parameters of the dominant modes of the buildings. The time-varying character of these parameters over the duration of the response is also investigated. Comparison of the recorded earthquake response of the structures reveals that the type of lateral-load-resisting system has an important effect on the dynamic behaviour of the structures because it controls the spacing of the characteristic modes on the frequency axis. The Santa Clara County Office building has closely spaced natural frequencies and exhibits strong torsional response and modal coupling. Its dynamic behaviour is contrasted with that of the Great Western Savings and Loan building which has well separated natural frequencies and exhibits small torsional response and no modal coupling. Strong modal coupling causes a beating-type phenomenon and makes earthquake response of structures different from that envisioned by codes.  相似文献