断层对采空区地表沉降影响的模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张敏  佴磊  郭源  吕岩 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2012,42(6):1834-1838

断层是影响采空区地表沉降的重要因素。针对这一问题,采用数值模拟的方法,建立矿山地层、断层和采空区的三维地质模型,对比有无断层时,采空区地表沉降的变化规律,并详细分析了断层倾角、断层与采空区相对位置关系、断层摩擦强度等因素对沉降规律的影响。研究表明：断层不仅对采空区沉降起放大作用,同时对地表沉降变形起隔断作用。断层的存在使地表塌陷盆地中心向断层方向偏移。断层倾角在40°~50°时,地表沉降量出现最大值;断层倾角在35°~40°时,采空区顶板下沉量出现最大值。随着断层抗剪强度的减弱,采空区地表沉降量增大;但当断层的内摩擦角大于或等于周围地层的内摩擦角时,断层内摩擦角的增大对地表沉降量的影响不明显。  相似文献   

地震应急中诱发滑坡灾害致灾距离快速评估方法研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王秀英  聂高众 《中国地震》2009,25(3)

地震诱发滑坡灾害在我国分布很广,尤以西部山区为重.地震滑坡不仅会造成巨大的经济损失和众多的人员伤亡,还会对震后应急救援方案的制定、救援路线的选择造成重大影响.为此,本文对建国以来300多个震例进行了分析研究,结合地震应急快速评估的实际工作需求,给出了在不同工作阶段进行地震诱发滑坡致灾距离评估的3种方法,并将本研究结果同其他研究结果进行分析比较,认为本研究所得结果比较适合于实际的应急灾害快速评估工作.  相似文献   

新疆天山中段波速比异常的应用研究     

龙海英  聂晓红 《国际地震动态》2009,(4):67-67

地震波是地球内部信息的主要来源。较大地震前,由于区域构造应力的增大,可能会导致震源及其周围地区介质特性发生变化,从而使得地震波速度发生变化。地震波速或波速比可以反映断层活动情况及地下介质流变性质等的改变（冯德益,1981;傅征祥等,1988;张学民等,2004）。我国的波速比研究已总结出波速比异常时间、幅度、形态与强震的关系,  相似文献   

Rapid Climatic Change during Past 60 ka Recorded in NE Indian Ocean and Its Correspondence from South China Land     

Fang Nianqiao Chen Xuefang Hu Chaoyong Yin Yong Ding Xuan Zhang Shihong Nie Haogang Institute of Marine Geology  Geophysics  China University of Geosciences  Beijing  China 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2000,11(3)

INTRODUCTIONSituated in the low latitudes and the extension of theWest Pacific Worm Pool,the Bay of Bengal and its neighbor-ing waterhosted a greatdeal of terrigenous sedim ents denudedfrom the Tibetan plateau and transported by the Gange-Brahmapoutra fluvial system . Although most parts of the seafloor in the area are occupied by the Bengal deep sea fan,thegreatest turbidite body in the world,turbidity current sedi-mentation does not serve as the only one dynamics to consti-tute the s…  相似文献   

A molecular dynamics study of bulk and shear viscosity of liquid iron using embedded-atom potential     

Y. Zhang  G. Guo  G. Nie 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2000,27(3):164-169

Molecular dynamics simulations employing a many-body embedding potential model have been conducted to calculate both bulk and shear viscosity of pure liquid iron at the Earth's outer core conditions. Liquid iron shear viscosity thus obtained is in the order of 10⁻² Pa · s and is in close agreement with previous estimates. In contrast, liquid iron bulk viscosity is in the order of 10⁻³ to 10⁻⁴ Pa · s and is much smaller than previous estimates. Consequently, the ratio of bulk to shear viscosity is close to 0.1. This value disagrees with both the common speculation that bulk and shear viscosities are equal at ambient pressure, and the previous inference that bulk viscosity of liquid iron is much larger than shear viscosity at outer core conditions. Potential implications of present data are also briefly given for the dynamic state of the outer core. Received: 9 April 1999 / Revised, accepted: 7 June 1999  相似文献   

中上扬子地区下志留统沉积演化与页岩气勘探方向*   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

郑和荣  高波  彭勇民  聂海宽  杨斐然 《古地理学报》2013,15(5):645-656

通过录井、测井、地震、野外剖面与岩心资料的深入剖析, 探讨中上扬子地区下志留统页岩段的沉积相与总有机碳的关系, 预测页岩气有利勘探区。中上扬子地区下志留统龙马溪组为一套20～268 m厚的黑色页岩夹灰绿色泥质粉砂岩沉积, 在等时框架内自下而上可识别出2个三级层序即SQ1与SQ2, 它们分布稳定、可对比性好。下部层序(SQ1) 的海侵体系域(TST)发育一套有利于页岩气形成的富有机质页岩, 此时期呈现出“北面向次深海敞开、东西南三面受古陆围限、陆棚广布”的沉积格局, 深水陆棚相广泛发育, 面积为255000 km², 平均厚度35 m。受海平面下降的影响, 从下部层序至上部层序水体变浅, 岩相从深水陆棚相黑色页岩向中-浅水陆棚相沙纹层理粉砂质页岩转变。岩相的发育受海平面升降、古陆、海底地形、物源供给等因素的影响, 岩相类型有碳质或硅质或钙质页岩、纹层状页岩、生物扰动粉砂质页岩、沙纹层理的粉砂质页岩、块状砂岩或介壳灰岩薄夹层5类。研究表明, 沉积相对富有机质页岩的形成具有内在的控制作用, 高TOC含量页岩发育于深水陆棚相、中陆棚相和潟湖相中。目前, 已有多口井在龙马溪组页岩获得工业气流, 揭示了该区良好的页岩气勘探前景;综合分析认为涪陵-赤水-仁怀、威远-长宁、鄂西-渝东为中上扬子地区下志留统页岩气勘探的主要方向和有利目标区。  相似文献   

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郭春喜  聂建亮  王斌  蒋光伟 《大地测量与地球动力学》2013,33(1):103-107

?????θ???????????С??GPS/?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????澫???????????Ч????  相似文献   

High slope stability of diversion power system intake of Jinchuan hydropower station     

Liang-qin Tang  Kui Tang  De-xin Nie  Jun-jie Wang  Dong-yan Liu 《山地科学学报》2013,10(6):1109-1117

The excavated height of the left bank slope of the diversion power system intake in Jinchuan hydropower station is about 16o m. The stability and safety of the slope during construction and its operation/utilization become one of the most important geological engineering problems. At the same time, it is also crucial to select a safe and economic excavation gradient for the construction. We studied the problem of how to select a safe and economic slope ratio by analyzing the geological condition of the high slope, including the lithology, slope structure, structural surface and their combinations, rock weathering and unloading, hydrology, and the natural gradient. The study results showed that the use of an excavation gradient larger than the gradient observed during site investigation and the gradient recommended in standards and field practice manuals is feasible. Then, we used the finite element method and rigid limit equilibrium method to evaluate the stability of the excavation slope under natural, rainstorm and earthquake conditions. The calculated results showed that the excavated slope only has limited failure, but its stability is greatly satisfactory. The research findings can be useful in excavation and slope stabilization projects.  相似文献   

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黄勇  杨少敏  刘刚  聂兆生  吴云  李刚 《大地测量与地球动力学》2012,32(6):33-36

????????????????SHAO????ο????????GAMIT/GLOBK??TRACK??????????????????8????????????1 Hz GPS??????д??????????????2011?????Mw9.0???????????????α??????????????????GPS???????????????????????о????н????MIZU???USUD?????????????3.11 m??0.67 m???????????λ??????????????й???????????????????????????USUD????????????????????????????????USUD???????????????RMS??1.65 cm??????0.82 cm??  相似文献   

基于非均匀地壳模型的格林函数法反演2001年昆仑山口西Ms8.1地震的同震滑移     

周宇  聂兆生  贾治革  陈正松  杨少敏 《大地测量与地球动力学》2012,32(3):22-26

建立基于地壳不均匀的三维有限元模型,将昆仑山口西Ms8.1地震产生的长约400 km的破裂带在走向上分为16段,生成各个破裂段滑移相对于地表位移的格林函数,并以GPS观测的水平位移为约束,用阻尼最小二乘法反演破裂滑移分布,结果表明反演结果与地质考察的地表破裂数据接近.用反演结果重构的地表位移场与观测值一致,并体现了断裂...  相似文献