深部天然核反应堆——一种可能的山脉隆升动力源   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

匡耀求  张本仁等 《地质论评》2001,47(2):119-128

板块碰撞造山模式难以解释造山作用在时间上的“滞后”和在空间上的“差位”现象，大量研究表明山脉隆升的动力来自深部，因此，探索深部地质过程的物理和化学机制及其导致的能量再分配是认识山脉隆升动力学机制的关键，若干线索表明地幔中的核反应中可能在岩石圈动力学演化过程中起过不可忽视的作用，通过分析U，Th等元素的地球化学性质及其在深变质过程中的行为，认为伴随板块俯冲发生的陆壳物质向地幔的再循环有可能在办流圈顶部形成富含U，Th,K等放射性亲石元素和碳质（石墨）的地质体，通过理论上的论证和对Oklo天然核反应堆遗迹的反演表明这些地质体可能有一部分具备了形成石墨核反应堆的条件。这种反应堆在亚临界状态下的断续运行有可能为其上方岩石圈中的岩浆作用提供热源，进入超临界状态时将可能导致深部核爆炸，成为地震，火山爆发和岩石圈破裂的动力来源，据此建立的山脉隆升的动力学初步模式，可以解释造山带的形成，高原的隆升，深源地震及其前兆的成因和金刚石及其相关岩石地壳浅部置位的机制。  相似文献   

利用深井地震速度记录确定震级的初步研究     

李慧民  朱元清  章纯 《地震地磁观测与研究》1992,(5)

利用上海遥测地震台网虹桥、南汇台深井地震速度记录资料讨论地震尾波衰减与震级关系.采用统计方法求得了用垂直向地震波持续时间 L 测定震级M_v 的公式M_v 虹桥=-0.981+1.677×log(L)+0.600×log(△)±0.22M_v 南汇=-1.461+1.979×log(L)+0.506×log(△)±0.22结果表明,地震速度记录的持续时间 L 的对数加上震中距(△,单位:km)的对数与震级在近震范围内(△<5°)呈线性关系,说明用地震速度记录同样可以测定地震震级,这有助于提高深井速度记录资料的推广和应用。  相似文献   

Precambrian Geochronology, Chronotectonic Framework and Model of Chronocrustal Structure of the Zhongtiao Mountains   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Sun Dazhong  Li Huimin  Lin Yuanxian  Zhou Huifang  Zhao Fengqing  Tang Min 《《地质学报》英文版》1992,66(1):23-37

The Zhongtiao Mountains, a typical exposure area of Precambrian rocks, are a concentration area of vari-ous types of copper deposit. The rocks were dated using several dating methods. Based on the age data ob-tained by means of three methods, several aspects are dealt with: (1) the dating results obtained by differentmethods and their geological implications have been compared; (2) a chronotectonic framework has been con-structed by means of these reliable ages, which indicates that the ages of the rocks of the Proterozoic mobilebelt fall in a time span of 2400 to 2000 Ma during which global magmatic records are lacking and reflects theages of important events in the mobile belt; (3) according to the ages of inherited zircons, neodymium modelage of the depleted mantle sources (T_(DM)) and geochemical and geological data, a model of Precambrianchronocrustal structure has been constructed, representing a typical for the North China craton.  相似文献   

长江三角洲及其邻近地区的现代地壳垂直运动   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

胡惠民  黄立人等 《地理学报》1992,47(1):22-30

本文根据50－80年代复测的精密水准成果，分析了长江三角洲及其邻近地区的地壳垂直运动,并与沿海海面变化在同一均衡基准下进行比较。本区近代地壳垂直运动受区域构造控制，形变速度不高，变化平缓，区内海岸带以下降为主。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地北部中生界生油岩基本特征     

杨笃敬  罗宏  马慧民 《新疆地质》1995,(3)

塔里木盆地北部地区中生界生油岩为陆相泥质生油岩，主要发育在三叠系、侏罗系。有两个生油岩发育中心，库车坳陷区和阿瓦提断陷－满加尔坳陷区。三叠系生油岩有机质丰度主要为较差一较好生油岩，侏罗系生油岩则为较差－较好－好生油岩。三叠－侏罗系生油岩干酪根类型以Ⅲ型为主，少量Ⅱ型。库车坳陷三叠－侏罗系生油岩热演化多处于成熟－高成熟阶段。阿瓦提断陷－满加尔坳陷三叠系处于初熟阶段，侏罗系则处于未成熟－初熟阶段。沙雅隆起北侧，库车坳陷南缘是寻找油气藏最为有利的地区。  相似文献   

有限元离散模型中的出平面运动形式     

关慧敏  李小军 《华南地震》1993,13(2):1-6

波动在有限元离散模型中传播时,会出现许多不同于连续介质中波动的现象.本文引用经典物理学中晶格动力学的分析方法,由有限元离散形式的出平面波动方程得到频散关系,在此基础上,讨论了集中质量有限元模型中各种可能的出平面运动形式,并分析了考虑时域离散化影响下各种形式可能存在的频率范围.  相似文献   

山西及其邻近地区地壳垂直形变与地震危险性分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

胡惠民 《山西地震》1993,(2):23-28

山西及其邻近地区地壳垂直形变出现的两升三降的分布格局,反映出现代构造块体活动在不断增强.通过地震活动和区域形变场分析,可以看出山西地区自50年代以来地震释放能量有不断加强趋势,区域形变出现了有规律的四象限分布.预计今后10年内本区若干危险点有可能成为地震能量大释放地区.  相似文献   

地球物质演变的能源问题   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

侯德封  欧阳自远  于津生 《地质科学》1973,8(2):89-102

地球发展历史是地球物质运动的过程。核转变更新着地球的化学元素与同位素组成;它影响着地球发展过程中各特殊矛盾的发展与转化。地球的能源有外来能与内生能,这两种近于相互独立而又统一的能源体系组成了地球的演化能源。我们研究和计算了各种外来能与内生能的产生方式、能量大小及对地球演化的影响,而地球演化的主要内能源是核转变能。天然核转变有两种,一种是在地球发展过程中自发产生的(核衰变、自发裂变等),一种是受外因条件所激发而产生的(诱发裂变,核反应等)。  相似文献   

Fluxes of CO<Subscript>2</Subscript>, CH<Subscript>4</Subscript> and N<Subscript>2</Subscript>O from alpine grassland in the Tibetan Plateau   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

PEIZhiyong OUYANGHua ZHOUCaiping XUXingliang 《地理学报(英文版)》2003,13(1):27-34

Using static chamber technique,fluxes of CO2,CH4 and N2O were measured in the alpine grassland area from July 2000 to July 2001,determinations of mean fluxes showed that CO2 and N2O were generally released from the soil,while the alpine grassland accounted for a weak CH4 sink.Fluxes of CO2,CH4 and N2O ranged widely.The highest CO2 emission occurred in August,whereas almost 90?of the whole year emission occurred in the growing season.But the variations of CH4 and N2O fluxes did not show any clear patterns over the one-year-experiment.During a daily variation,the maximum CO2 emission occurred at 16:00,and then decreased to the minimum emission in the early morning.Daily pattern analyses indicated that the variation in CO2 fluxes was positively related to air temperatures(R^2=0.73)and soil temperatures at a depth of 5 cm(R^2=0.86),whereas daily variations in CH4 and N2O fluxes were poorly explained by soil temperatures and climatic variables.CO2 emissions in this area were much lower than other grasslands in plain areas.  相似文献   

CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> processes in an alpine grassland ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau     

PEIZhiyong OUYANGHua ZHOUCaiping XUXingliang 《地理学报(英文版)》2003,13(4):429-437

In this paper, the CO2 concentrations profile from 1.5 m depth in soil to 32 m height in atmosphere were measured from July 2000 to July 2001 in an alpine grassland ecosystem located in the permafrost area on the Tibetan Plateau, which revealed that CO2 concentrations varied greatly during this study period. Mean concentrations during the whole experiment in the atmosphere were absolutely lower than the CO2 concentrations in soil, which resulted in CO2 emissions from the alpine steppe soil to the atmosphere. The highest CO2 concentration was found at a depth of 1.5 m in soil while the lowest CO2 concentration occurred in the atmosphere. Mean CO2 concentrations in soil generally increased with depth. This was the compositive influence of the increasing soil moistures and decreasing soil pH, which induced the increasing biological activities with depth. Temporally, the CO2 concentrations at different layers in air remained a more steady state because of the atmospheric turbulent milking. During the seasonal variations, CO2 concentrations at surface soil interface showed symmetrical patterns, with the lowest accumulation of CO2 occurring in the late winter and the highest CO2 concentration in the growine seasons.  相似文献