一种优化多通道声波束形成的方法          下载免费PDF全文

罗会彬  彭荆明  梅新华 《数字海洋与水下攻防》2022,5(5):414-418

因基阵各通道不均衡,使得水声接收系统波束形成时,目标检测、方位估计等性能经常达不到预期。分析了各通道信噪比、辐值、相位影响波束信噪比的机理,提出了一种减小基阵各通道不均衡的方法,并利用实测数据进行了仿真。仿真结果表明：该方法可有效地提高水声接收系统的目标检测、方位估计等性能。  相似文献   

环境规制视角下城市绿色创新时空演变及溢出效应     

彭文斌  苏欣怡  杨胜苏  邝劲松  曹笑天 《地理科学》2023,43(1):41-49

基于2005—2019年中国266个地级及以上城市的面板数据,采用SBM-DEA模型评价城市绿色创新水平,刻画城市绿色创新的空间演变格局,最后构建空间杜宾模型实证分析不同类型的环境规制视角下城市绿色创新的溢出效应。研究结果显示：(1)时序发展上,研究期内城市绿色创新呈现东部地区、中部地区、西部地区、东北地区依次减弱的态势,总体上表现为“双M”型波动上升趋势,未来具有较大的增长潜力;(2)空间演化上,城市绿色创新在空间分布格局上存在明显的区域异质性,整体表现为东部地区主导发展的特征;(3)城市绿色创新在正式环境规制视角下存在正向溢出效应,在非正式环境规制视角下未产生显著溢出效应。  相似文献   

Damming of large river by debris flow: Dynamic process and particle composition     

Cui Du  Ling-kan Yao  Subhashsagar Shakya  Lun-gui Li  Xiao-dan Sun 《山地科学学报》2014,11(3):634-643

The frequency and extent of debris flows have increased tremendously due to the extreme weather and the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008. Previous studies focused on the debris flow from gullies damming the mountain streams. In this paper, an equation for the run-out distance of debris flow in the main river is proposed based on the dynamic equation of debris flow at different slopes given by Takahashi. By undertaking field investigations and flume experiments, a new calculation method of the volume of debris flow damming large river is obtained. Using the percolation theory and the renormalization group theory it was deduced that the large particles should comprise more than 50% for forming a stable debris flow dam. Hence, the criteria of damming large river by debris flow is presented in terms of run-out distance and grain composition which was then validated through the event of damming river by debris flow at Gaojia gully, the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, Sichuan, China, on July 3, 2011.  相似文献   

Mapping daily temperature and precipitation in the Qilian Mountains of northwest China     

Shou-zhang Peng  Chuan-yan Zhao  Xiao-ping Wang  Zhong-lin Xu  Xing-ming Liu  Hu Hao  Shi-fei Yang 《山地科学学报》2014,11(4):896-905

Daily meteorological data are the critical inputs for distributed hydrological and ecological models. This study modified mountain microclimate simulation model （MTCLIM） with the data from 19 weather stations, and compared and validated two methods （the MTCLIM and the modified MTCLIM） in the Qilian Mountains of Northwest China to estimate daily temperature （i.e., maximum temperature, minimum temperature） and precipitation at six weather stations from i January 2000 to 31December 2009. The algorithm of temperature in modified MTCLIM was improved by constructing the daily linear regression relationship between temperature and elevation, aspect and location information. There are two steps to modify the MTCLIM to predict daily precipitation： firstly, the linear regression relationship was built between annual average precipitation and elevation, location, and vegetation index; secondly, the distance weight for measuring the contribution of each weather station on target point was improved by average wind direction during the rainy season. Several regression analysis and goodness-of-fit indices （i.e., Pearson＇s correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination, mean absolute error, root-mean-square error and modelingefficiency） were used to validate these estimated values. The result showed that the modified MTCLIM had a better performance than the MTCLIM. Therefore, the modified MTCLIM was used to map daily meteorological data in the study area from 2000 to 2009. These results were validated using weather stations with short time data and the predicted accuracy was acceptable. The meteorological data mapped could become inputs for distributed hydrological and ecological models applied in the Qilian Mountains.  相似文献   

Case history of the disastrous debris flows of Tianmo Watershed in Bomi County,Tibet, China: Some mitigation suggestions   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Yong-gang Ge  Peng Cui  Feng-huan Su  Jian-qiang Zhang  Xing-zhang Chen 《山地科学学报》2014,11(5):1253-1265

Debris flows and landslides, extensively developing and frequently occurring along Parlung Zangbo, seriously damage the Highway from Sichuan to Tiebt(G318) at Bomi County. The disastrous debris flows of the Tianmo Watershed on Sept. 4, 2007, July 25, 2010 and Sept. 4, 2010, blocked Parlung Zangbo River and produced dammed lakes, whose outburst flow made 50 m high terrace collapse at the opposite bank due to intense scouring on the foot of the terrace. As a result, the traffic was interrupted for 16 days in 2010 because that 900 m highway base was destructed and 430 m ruined. These debris flows were initiated by the glacial melting which was induced by continuous higher temperature and the following intensive rainfall, and expanded by moraines along channels and then blocked Parlung Zangbo. At the outlet of watershed,the density, velocity and peak discharge of debris flow was 2.06 t/m3, 12.7 m/s and 3334 m3/s, respectively. When the discharge at the outlet and the deposition volume into river exceeds 2125 m3/s and 126×103 m3, respectively, debris flow will completely blocked Parlung Zangbo. Moreover,if the shear stress of river flow on the foot of terrace and the inclination angel of terrace overruns 0. 377 N/m2 and 26°, respectively, the unconsolidated terrace will be eroded by outburst flow and collapse. It was strongly recommended for mitigation that identify and evade disastrous debris flows, reduce the junction angel of channels between river and watershed, build protecting wall for highway base and keep appropriate distance between highway and the edge of unconsolidated terrace.  相似文献   

可控源法在海阳市郭城地区鑫泰金矿床成矿规律中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

郭国强  郭朋  张超  何玉海  于义文  陈大磊 《山东国土资源》2014,30(6)

可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT法)是一种利用人工场源研究地层、构造等深部地质特征问题的新技术新方法。在山东省海阳市郭城地区鑫泰金矿床的应用研究表明,CSAMT法可以较好地用于确定矿体的产状和大致地层结构,在矿体成矿规律研究方面具有较为突出的应用效果。  相似文献   

辽西大黑山生态修复区土地利用格局变化及驱动力     

郑云龙  高鹏  张立勇  王兵 《山地学报》2014,32(6)

生态修复区土地利用与覆盖变化是区域环境变化研究的重要内容,可为水土保持生态修复措施的调控及效益定量评价提供依据。以辽西大黑山生态修复区2000年、2005年和2010年的Landsat TM遥感影像为基础数据,基于Erdas Imagine遥感软件和ArcGIS技术平台,利用土地利用动态度、土地利用程度综合指数和转移矩阵等指标,对研究区土地利用格局的动态变化进行了定量分析,并探讨了其变化的驱动力因素。结果表明:1.10 a间,耕地保持面积最大,其次是林地和草地;耕地和未利用土地占总面积比例分别减少了28.43%和44.32%,林地、草地、城镇村及工矿交通、水域及水利设施用地占总面积比例分别增加了83.68%、10.75%、21.07%和162.74%。2.2000—2005年,林地的土地利用变化幅度最大,为12.42%,其次为未利用土地和草地;2005—2010年,水域及水利设施用地的土地利用变化幅度最大,为24.82%,其次是草地、未利用土地和耕地。3.研究区土地利用程度和开发强度处于中等偏上水平,2000—2005年土地利用处于发展期,2005—2010年土地利用处于调整期;土地利用类型的转入和转出主要发生在耕地、林地和草地之间。4.水土保持生态修复和退耕还林等生态建设项目的实施,可以较大程度地改变微地貌、减少地表坡度、提高植被盖度,在短时间使土地利用的空间分布发生较大变化,是其土地利用格局变化的主要驱动力因素。  相似文献   

Methane hydrate formation comparisons in media with and without a water source supply     

Peng Zhang  QingBai Wu 《寒旱区科学》2014,6(4):0293-0301

Water is a necessary element during gas hydrate formations. Therefore, by analyzing water depletion changes in media, the reaction characteristics of methane hydrate in media can be studied. In this study, two water sources supplying some liquid water which may be consumed by the methane hydrate formation reactions were designed and assembled. Using them, the full formation processes of methane hydrate was studied. Experimental results show the following： If heat released from nucleation reaction of methane hydrate is diffused rapidly, the nucleation ratios will be enhanced discernibly. While the hydrate is formed, a force is generated that sucks fresh water from the source into the vicinity of the hydrate, slowing down the cementation process and causing some hydrate grain dissociation. As a result of cementation differences, the hydrate reaction processes with different water sources present linear or quadratic equation characteristics. After a few repeated dissociation and formation processes of some hydrate grains caused by the fresh water, the gas amounts contained in hydrate will be significantly enhanced.  相似文献   

梅汛期区域性暴雨的多尺度分析及临近预警   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孔启亮  孙翠梅  李建国  钱鹏  马俊峰 《气象科学》2014,34(5):564-572

利用常规观测数据、NECP1°×1°逐6 h再分析资料、FY2E卫星黑体亮度温度TBB资料以及南京、常州多普勒天气雷达产品,对2012年江苏出梅之前的最后一场区域性暴雨过程进行多尺度分析。在此基础上,探索该类暴雨的临近预警线索,结果表明:(1)此次过程的雨带呈准纬向分布,属于典型的梅汛期静止锋降水。过程中主要有两次降水集中时段,两个阶段的降水性质存在差异,但都具备较高的降水效率。(2)中高纬大范围稳定的阻塞形势,为此次持续性暴雨过程的产生提供了有利的大尺度环流背景。而在此过程中,两段降水集中期的形成与地面触发系统的出现和维持有着较为密切的联系。(3)此次过程中两段降水集中期内的物理量特征以及TBB的演变情况和其对应的降水特征存在异同。(4)雷达特征分析表明,此次过程具有较高的降水效率和较长的持续时间。实际业务工作中可以通过判断回波的质心高度和边界层风速有无跃增来估计降水效率的潜势。当推断较高的降水效率潜势将持续较长时间时,应及时发布暴雨警报。  相似文献   

南黄海盆地南五凹阜宁组“广湖咸水”烃源岩及其油气勘探意义     

刘志峰  王鹏  蔡佳  印斌浩  崔敏  黄卫  王欣  沈娇 《海洋地质前沿》2014,30(5):32-40

通过对南五凹钻井所揭示的阜宁组进行岩性、地球化学、古生物及地震相等综合分析证实,南五凹阜宁组发育中深湖相泥质烃源岩,且该套烃源岩形成于"广湖咸水"沉积环境。"广湖"即湖盆分布广泛,中深湖相泥质烃源岩在凹陷深洼处和缓坡带均有发育,平面上面积大,纵向上厚度大,具备生成油气的物质基础。"咸水"即烃源岩形成时期湖盆受到了海侵影响,致使水体性质偏咸。南五凹与中国东部古新世—始新世期间曾遭受海侵影响的其他湖盆类似,其形成的咸化烃源岩具有"排烃早"的特征。南五凹阜宁组湖相烃源岩"广湖咸水"沉积特征对于油气勘探具有重要意义。  相似文献