湘中及湘东南地区上泥盆统佘田桥组页岩气勘探前景     

李国亮  王先辉  柏道远  罗鹏 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(10):33-37,72

湘中及湘东南地区泥盆纪佘田桥组具有良好的页岩气成藏条件,为页岩气勘探远景区。选取地质条件优越、页岩气特征明显的泥盆纪佘田桥组含气页岩作为主要研究对象,对页岩气储气特征和勘探开发潜力进行了分析。研究表明：含气页岩层分布面积广、有机碳含量高（TOC均值0.61%）、热演化程度高（Ro均值2.71%）,低孔低渗（孔隙度为0.7%,渗透率小于0.04×10^-3μm2）,且吸附能力强。含气页岩层厚度展布在凹陷盆地形成独特的“中心薄边缘厚”格局,结合其成藏特征和物化指数,划分出页岩气潜力较大的四个有利区。  相似文献   

贵州盘县土城向斜南西翼二叠系龙潭组地球化学特征及意义     

田利  谢红东  张学东 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(7):15-20

为探讨盘县土城向斜龙潭组物源及沉积环境,对ZK402号孔龙潭组样品进行微量元素及稀土元素测试分析,结果显示:龙潭期的水体为微咸水—半咸水的淡水环境,水体分层不强的厌氧环境—水体分层及底层水体呈现H2S的厌氧环境;泥岩中稀土含量高,源岩主要为钙质泥岩和碱性玄武岩。根据砂岩粒度分析、薄片鉴定、电子探针等综合分析,在龙潭组中识别出三角洲和障壁砂坝—潟湖沉积相以及三角洲前缘、下三角洲平原、上三角洲平原、潮坪、潟湖等亚相,龙潭早、晚期以潟湖相为主,龙潭中期以分流河道和分流间湾广泛发育为特征。  相似文献   

Immobilization of phosphorus,copper, zinc and arsenic in swine manure by activated red mud   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Xianjia Peng  Chuan Liang  Li Shi 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(5):2005-2014

Red mud (RM), the solid waste of alumina industry, is high in silicon, calcium, aluminum and iron oxides. In this study, RM was activated by heat treatment at different temperatures and characterized with BET nitrogen gas sorption, scanning electron microscopy analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. Immobilization of phosphorus, copper, zinc, and arsenic in swine manure by activated RM was studied as a function of RM dosage, pH and time. The immobilization efficiency of phosphorus, copper, zinc and arsenic increased with the increase in RM dosage, reaching 77, 39, 42, and 78 % when the proportion of RM to swine manure was 20 %. The pH of the solution had a significant impact on the immobilization and it was found that the efficiency increased with the increase in pH. During the 24-h immobilization, the efficiency increased with time and achieved equilibrium after 12 h. Chemical variations of phosphorus, copper, zinc, and arsenic during the immobilization process were investigated with sequential chemical extraction method and the results showed that the contents of non-labile fractions of phosphorus, heavy metals and arsenic increased obviously, whereas the contents of labile fractions decreased.  相似文献   

Occurrence modes and cleaning potential of sulfur and some trace elements in a high-sulfur coal from Pu’an coalfield,SW Guizhou,China     

Wei Cheng  Qin Zhang  Ruidong Yang  Yingzhong Tian 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,72(1):35-46

In this research, a float-sink test was applied to a Late Permian high-sulfur coal collected from Pu’an coalfield, Southwest in Guizhou, China. To investigate the occurrence modes and the mobility of various trace elements, as well as the cleaning potential of some harmful elements in density separation, coal quality parameters and concentrations of 46 elements of 7 density fractionated samples were determined and statistically analyzed. Results show that larger size and higher density fractions have higher total sulfur content and ash yield than the smaller and lower ones. In fact, most (74.39 %) of the total sulfur occurs in the inorganic matter. Affinity and correlation analysis show that Mo and Ni have apparently strong organic affinity, whereas Rh, Cs, Sr, Co, Nb, Zr, V, Ga, Sc, Be, Ge, Hf, Th, U, Ag, As, In, Cu, Cd, Ta, Li, TI, and Ba are mostly in the heavy fractions. Rare earth element (REE) patterns for the seven density fractions present good uniformity and show that they are of right-inclined pattern type characterized by Light REE (LREE, La ~ Eu) enrichment relative to Heavy REE (HREE, Gd ~ Lu) and pronounced negative δ _Eu anomalies. This suggests that REE was mainly derived from basalt-weathered materials. LRREE/HREE ratio variations reveal that LREE has stronger affinity with the organic matter relative to the HREE, while high LRREE/HREE in heavy fractions may be related to pyrite. Supposing the maximum sulfur content of the cleaned coal is 1.00 %, the theoretical removal ratios of Co, TI, and Ba are as high as 90.94, 93.73, and 92.29 %, respectively, while those of As, Ni and Mo are only 56.33, 48.85, and 45.05 %, respectively. As these figures change with different maximum sulfur contents required for the cleaned coal, not only the decrease of sulfur and ash in coal washing, but also the mobility of some harmful trace elements should be taken into consideration.  相似文献   

Magnetic properties of airborne particulate matter in Shanghai during dust storm events and the implications for heavy metal contaminant sources     

Peng Qian  Limin Zhou  Xiangmin Zheng  Yan Dong  Yongjie Wang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,72(10):4167-4178

Airborne particulate samples (including dust storm period samples) were collected from the Putuo, Qingpu and Minhang districts of Shanghai city from October, 2009 to October, 2010, and also tracked the dust transporting pathways from NW (Northwest) to SE (Southeast) including the cities of Xi’an, Beijing, Zhengzhou and Nantong, as a means of sampling the dust storm particulate matter in the spring of 2010. After measuring the magnetic parameters and the concentrations of particles and heavy metals, their magnetic properties were analyzed to track the source locations of heavy metal pollution during dust storm events, and then combined for backward trajectory analysis. It was found that the slightly polluted dust particles carried many contaminants during dust storm periods when the dust palls were transported by winter monsoon winds from the NW desert region towards the SE. The contaminants were further increased by contributions of fine SP&SD grains derived from local automobile exhausts in Shanghai as well as being enriched also in Northern cities during non-dust storm periods. A significantly positive linear relation was found between the χ_lf and SIRM of loess and the storm dust, indicating a similar material source for these two kinds of samples. A higher χ_lf and SIRM in storm dust content compared to loess suggests that storm dust contains not only materials from natural sources, but also those from partly anthropogenic sources. Backward trajectory analysis indicates intuitively the source region of the Shanghai storm dust. These conclusions have important scientific significance for research on long-distance transportation of contaminants (such as heavy metals) adsorbed onto airborne particulate matter during dust storm events.  相似文献   

光学显微镜成像方式及投影冷光源的分频合成探讨     

赵应权  沈忠民  王鹏 《岩矿测试》2014,33(5):674-680

传统显微镜光源主要包括卤素灯光源、纯水过滤热射线光源、LED光源等,由于卤素灯光源含有大量760~1400 nm区段的红外线,纯水过滤热射线光源滤除红外线不彻底且水会导致透射光线的部分散射,LED光源在500 nm波长附近的光照强度不足、波形存在缺陷,容易灼伤样品或使成像质量受限,都难以满足需要采用大功率冷光源进行无损、高质量显微观察成像和测试的要求。本文在总结光学显微镜的成像方式、光源类型及各类光源优缺点的基础上,提出了采用三棱镜-凸透镜组分频合成冷光源的新思路。该思路首先利用三棱镜将卤素灯光源光谱按频率顺序打开,然后选择可见光区域内的光谱,用凸透镜组校正可见光方向后,再由三棱镜将这些可见光合成不含热射线的冷光源。理论和砂岩荧光薄片实际测试效果表明,该方法既可完全排除热射线,从而使样品免遭受破坏,又保持了完整的可见光光谱,解决了大功率冷光源红外线生热和光谱存在缺陷的难题,这为采用大功率冷光源的光学显微镜投影高质量成像提供了新的方法及切实可行的依据。该套分频合成光源的装置主要配置为:玻璃材质的同规格的三棱镜与凸透镜各两个,卤素灯光源一个。结构简单,可在需使用大功率冷光源进行无损成像和测试等方面获得广泛的应用。  相似文献   

Accumulated Deformation Behavior and Computational Model of Water-Rich Mudstone Under Cyclic Loading     

Cheng-hua Shi  Zu-de Ding  Ming-feng Lei  Li-min Peng 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2014,47(4):1485-1491

  相似文献   

青海东昆仑哈日扎多金属矿区构造活动的锆石裂变径迹定年分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

田承盛 《地质与勘探》2014,50(5):833-839

青海省哈日扎多金属矿区位于东昆仑东段,属东昆中多旋回岩浆弧带,是新的矿产勘查基地,成矿作用主要受NE和NW向两组构造蚀变带控制。本文通过不同类型样品的锆石裂变径迹定年分析,探讨区内的构造活动。所获得的10个样品年龄为116~204 Ma,并由3个组年龄构成,即204~181 Ma,142~168 Ma和116~120 Ma。第1组年龄204~181 Ma反映印支晚期三叠纪末羌塘地块与昆仑地块碰撞的地质事件及其时限;后两组年龄主要是晚侏罗世~早白垩世冈底斯地体向北与羌塘地体碰撞汇聚的响应,活动时限为168~116 Ma。第2和3组年龄同时表明本区燕山期构造活动存在强度差异,即有两个强作用期。同时,3组年龄也揭示本区具有多期次成矿活动。  相似文献   

南方震旦系灯影组热液白云岩化及其对储层形成的影响研究——以黔中隆起为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

朱东亚  金之钧  孙冬胜  彭勇民  张荣强  袁玉松 《地质科学》2014,(1):161-175

我国南方地区,特别是四川盆地震旦系灯影组是我国当前高演化天然气勘探的热点,以黔中隆起为例,新揭示了其中发育的热液白云岩化现象,并探讨了其对储层形成的影响。研究区灯影组白云岩溶蚀孔洞或裂缝中见有白云石、石英、沥青充填,其中一种充填的粗晶白云石具有弯曲晶面、波状消光特征,在岩石学特征上初步反映热液成因。地球化学特征进一步揭示了这种热液成因。不同采样位置热液白云石样品中流体包裹体均一温度平均为157.5 ℃～205.8 ℃,最高为253.5 ℃。热液白云石具有较轻的氧同位素组成,δ¹⁸O_PDB 位于 -15.3‰～-8.6‰之间,平均值为 -11.2‰;较高的⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶ Sr比值（0.709 445～0.713 131）,其平均值为0.710 843,在稀土元素组成上,热液白云石具有典型的Eu正异常的特点,δEu值为1.11～7.46,平均值为2.37。因此,灯影组热液白云石发育。热液活动对储层形成具有积极影响,主要体现在对充填在早期岩溶孔洞和构造裂缝中的白云石产生了溶蚀作用,溶蚀孔中见沥青充填,反映为油气运移通道和聚集空间。因此,热液溶蚀改造作用对我国南方地区震旦系灯影组及下古生界碳酸盐岩储层发育可能具有重要意义,值得加强探索研究。  相似文献   

桐柏山L构造岩的构造特征与形成环境探讨          下载免费PDF全文

刘欢  宋传中  林寿发  李加好  黄鹏  王微  韩建军  杨帆 《地质科学》2014,(2):542-555

桐柏山太白顶、殷店和天河口一带,发育有大量的L构造岩,拉伸线理极其发育,面理较弱,线理产状向南东东倾伏,倾伏角为1°～20°。桐柏山L构造岩具有以下主要特征：在三维空间上,L构造岩强烈发育杆状构造,这种“杆”状构造是由大量沿X轴方向定向排列连在一起的椭球体矿物构成的,其变形机制主要为石英的颗粒边界迁移和长石的位错蠕变,形成的平均压力为0.59GPa,平均温度为550 ℃～600 ℃,形成于中-高温-中压环境,变质相为高绿片岩相到低角闪岩相,形成深度大致在15～20 km,属于中地壳的产物。L构造岩在桐柏山的发现可能反映了桐柏山造山带中桐柏杂岩岩块相对两侧榴辉岩岩片具有近东西向挤出构造的特征。  相似文献