露天采矿活动对矿区土地资源影响因素分析     

郭瑞  彭杨宏  王其杰  汪涛  冯旭明 《地质论评》2022,68(2):615-623

矿产资源开发在促进地方经济快速发展的同时也对区域土地资源带来严重影响.基于对甘肃敦煌某花岗岩矿开采状况实地调研,利用灰熵理论和主成分分析法分析了露天采矿对土地资源破坏主要影响因素及其关联度,建立了以主要影响因素为参数的矿山开采对土地资源影响预估模型.结果表明:采坑对矿区内土地资源影响最为显著,矿堆和矿渣堆的影响接近且较...  相似文献   

西昆仑山黄土的岩石磁学特征及其磁化率增强机制   总被引：8，自引：8，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

昝金波  杨胜利  方小敏  李香钰  王九一  张涛 《第四纪研究》2010,30(1):46-53

成壤过程中形成的细颗粒的软磁性矿物被认为是导致古土壤磁化率增加的主要原因。但近来的研究表明,在一些地区,尤其是靠近沙漠边缘的黄土-古土壤序列,源区对黄土磁化率的影响要远大于成壤作用。因此,有必要对不同地区、不同环境条件下的典型黄土堆积进行详细的岩石磁学研究。日前,我们在西昆仑山北侧钻取了一根长达671m的岩芯,这为研究极端干旱区黄土的岩石磁学性质提供了难得的契机。本文对第一期黄土钻探得到的207m岩芯进行了详细的岩石磁学研究,结果表明: 昆仑山黄土的主要载磁矿物为磁铁矿和磁赤铁矿,同时还含有少量的针铁矿、赤铁矿;  该地区磁化率的变化主要受源区粗颗粒的软磁性矿物含量的影响,成壤作用形成的细颗粒磁性矿物对磁化率的贡献极小;  磁化率、粒度在0.5Ma左右急剧升高和变粗,主要与气候干旱化加剧有关。  相似文献   

对钱德勒参数进行时变修正的CLS+AR模型在极移预测中的应用     

张昊  王琪洁  朱建军  张晓红 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2012,37(3):286-289

根据LS模型参数中钱德勒项的时变性质,提出了基于钱德勒参数时变修正的CLS模型,并用CLS+AR对极移进行预测。实验结果表明,CLS+AR模型在极移预测精度上较LS+AR模型有较大改善。  相似文献   

Distribution of nitrogen forms in surface sediments of lakes from different regions,China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shouliang Huo  Jingtian Zhang  Beidou Xi  Fengyu Zan  Jing Su  Hong Yu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(5):2167-2175

The characteristics of nitrogen fractions in the surface sediments of lakes from Eastern Plain Region, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau Region, Northeast China Region, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Region and Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau Region were investigated and the differences of five lake regions on nitrogen fractionation were discussed. The results indicated that organic nitrogen (N_org) was the major nitrogen fraction accounting for 76.38–92.02 % of N_tot in sediments. The rank order of average N_org and N_tot of sediments in five lake regions was: Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau Region > Northeast China Region > Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau Region > Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Region > Eastern Plain Region. The exchangeable nitrogen had a similar distribution as organic nitrogen in the studied sediments. NH₄ ⁺–N is the main exchangeable nitrogen of sediments in the studied lakes except in Lake Qinghai and Lake Yamdrok which contained higher nitrate concentrations than ammonium. Fixed ammonium (N_fix) in the sediments of studied lakes was irregularly distributed with the values ranging from 99.45 to 329.02 mg/kg. TOC was significantly and positively correlated with ammonium, nitrate, N_org and N_tot, while N_fix was negatively correlated with nitrate probably due to electrostatic attraction between N_fix and nitrate in layers of sediments.  相似文献   

Comparative transcriptome analysis of abalone Haliotis discus hannai with green and gray egg colors     

Feng  Yanwei  Yuan  Bo  Jiang  Xu  Liu  Xiangquan  Li  Zan  Sun  Guohua  Xu  Xiaohui 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2021,39(1):350-361

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Haliotis discus hannai is an important marine economic species in China. Its egg color was found to be associated with economic traits, which provides a new...  相似文献   

基于全球土地退化零增长监测体系构建的中国沙化土地监测体系及效果评估     

王雨  黄侃  白星雯  昝国盛  孙涛  孔祥吉 《中国沙漠》2023,43(1):169-175

土地荒漠化是非常重要的生态环境问题,而科学评价荒漠化治理和零增长目标是否实现的必要前提是具有完善统一的评价体系。为此,联合国防治荒漠化公约（UNCCD）提出了土地退化零增长（LDN）的概念和监测指标。防治土地退化是中国的重要生态目标,中国已开展了多次全国土地荒漠化和沙化监测工作。但是,如何将这些监测结果用于土地退化的评估实践,尚未见报道。因此,本研究针对中国四大沙地,利用3期全国荒漠化和沙化监测数据,与基于UNCCD框架体系下的土地退化零增长（LDN）指标进行对比分析,并基于土地沙化程度变化趋势提出了中国沙化土地退化指标体系（CSLDN）。结果表明：UNCCD所提出的LDN监测指标与中国的荒漠化监测数据总体精度为0.51,中国沙化土地监测指标与LDN指标具有宏观一致性。此外,经本地优化后的CSLDN指标克服了低植被盖度区域LDN对土地退化和恢复的评价不准确的问题,更准确刻画了精细尺度空间内的土地动态变化状况,对土地退化防治意义重大。  相似文献   

雷州半岛红树林海区的软体动物   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

韩维栋  蔡英亚  刘劲科  劳赞  栗志民  罗远谋 《广东海洋大学学报》2003,23(1):1-7

2 0 0 2年 7～ 9月 ,对雷州半岛主要红树林区的软体动物进行调查 ,计有 110种 ,隶属 3纲、6亚纲、12目、37科、75属 ,主要为亚热带海岸区系种类。其中全国沿海广泛分布的暖水种有 36种 ,占 32 .8% ;分布于东、南沿海的暖水种有 6 0种 ,占 5 4.3% ;分布于南海的暖水种有 13种 ,占 11 8% ;1种外来种 ,占 0 .9% ;具有较高经济和可以开发利用的贝类约占总数的 1/2。由于人为过度采捕和环境污染严重 ,部分软体动物资源已遭到破坏 ,因此 ,急需加强红树林区生态保护和环境污染整治。  相似文献   

Successive formation of secondary pores via feldspar dissolution in deeply buried feldspar-rich clastic reservoirs in typical petroliferous basins and its petroleum geological significance     

Cao  Yingchang  Yuan  Guanghui  Wang  Yanzhong  Zan  Nianmin  Jin  Zihao  Liu  Keyu  Xi  Kelai  Wei  Yihan  Sun  Peipei 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2022,65(9):1673-1703

Science China Earth Sciences - Clastic rock reservoirs in petroliferous basins are generally rich in feldspars. Feldspar dissolution has developed widely in clastic reservoirs, and the resulting...  相似文献   

Deriving time-series three-dimensional displacements of mining areas from a single-geometry InSAR dataset   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zefa Yang  Zhiwei Li  Jianjun Zhu  Guangcai Feng  Qijie Wang  Jun Hu  Changcheng Wang 《Journal of Geodesy》2018,92(5):529-544

This paper presents a method for deriving time-series three-dimensional (3-D) displacements of mining areas from a single-geometry interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) dataset (hereafter referred to as the SGI-based method). This is mainly aimed at overcoming the limitation of the traditional multi-temporal InSAR techniques that require SAR data from at least three significantly different imaging geometries to fully retrieve time-series 3-D displacements of mining areas. The SGI-based method first generates the multi-temporal observations of the mining-induced vertical subsidence from the single-geometry InSAR data, using a previously developed method for retrieving 3-D mining-related displacements from a single InSAR pair (SIP). The weighted least-squares solutions of the time series of vertical subsidence are estimated from these generated multi-temporal observations of vertical subsidence. Finally, the time series of horizontal motions in the east and north directions are estimated using the proportional relationship between the horizontal motion and the subsidence gradient of the mining area, on the basis of the SGI-derived time series of vertical subsidence. Seven ascending ALOS PALSAR images from the Datong mining area of China were used to test the proposed SGI-based method. The results suggest that the SGI-based method is effective. The SGI-based method not only extends the SIP-based method to time-series 3-D displacement retrieval from a single-geometry InSAR dataset, but also limits the uncertainty propagation from InSAR-derived deformation to the estimated 3-D displacements.  相似文献   

Litter dynamics and forest structure of the introduced Sonneratia caseolaris mangrove forest in Shenzhen, China     

Luzhen Chen  Qijie Zan  Mingguang Li  Jinyu Shen  Wenbo Liao 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,85(2):241-246

For the purpose of mangrove restoration in China, Sonneratia caseolaris has been introduced and planted in Guangdong Province outside and north of its native habitat, Hainan Province. We monitored the litter fall and forest structure of this S. caseolaris forest in Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China, from 1996 to 2005. The annual fluctuation in litter fall increased with increases in air temperature from spring to early summer, and reached a maximum in autumn when the fruits matured. The total litter fall was significantly affected by air temperature, day length, and evaporation, rainfall in the previous month and by typhoons. In 1998, the sixth year after cultivation, the total litter production of the mature S. caseolaris forest significantly increased. The mean annual total litter production during 1998–2005 was 15.1 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, among which, leaves and reproductive materials contributed more than 80% of the total. During the ten years of study, the DBH (diameter at 1.30 m from ground level) and tree height of S. caseolaris increased from 5.2 cm to 18.3 cm, and from 4.5 m to 13.4 m, respectively. The litter fall production was strongly correlated with forest structure parameters, such as DBH, tree height, and crown area. The R value (the ratio of the maximum total litter fall to the minimum in the same community during the investigation periods) of S. caseolaris in the present study was 1.98, indicating a low annual variation of litter fall during these ten years.  相似文献