The lateral distribution of extensive air showers produced by cosmic rays above 10 eV as measured by water- erenkov detectors     

R. N. Coy  G. Cunningham  C. L. Pryke  A. A. Watson 《Astroparticle Physics》1997,6(3-4)

Measurements of the lateral distribution function (ldf) of Extensive Air Showers (EAS) as recorded by the array of water- erenkov detectors at Haverah Park are described, and accurate experimental parameterizations expressing the mean ldf for 2 × 10¹⁷ < E < 4 × 10¹⁸ eV, 50 < r < 700 m, and θ < 45° are given. An extrapolation of these relations to the regime E ≥ 10¹⁹ eV and r > 700 m is described: extrapolation in this energy domain appears valid, and an approximate correction term is given for the larger core distances. The results of recent Monte Carlo simulations of shower development and detector behavior are compared to the parameterized ldf. The agreement is good increasing confidence that these simulations may be trusted as design tools for the Auger project, a proposed ‘next generation’ detector system.  相似文献   

The structure of paraequilibrium aggregates     

D. F. Watson 《Mathematical Geology》1981,13(4):357-360

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Photometric analysis of the chromospherically active giant star HD 86005     

Tania R. Scott  J. B. Heamshaw  R. D. Watson  P. M. Kilmartin  A. C. Gilmore 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》1992,13(3):279-286

Photometric data, covering a span of two and a half years, have been analysed for the chromospherically active giant star HD 86005. It was found to undergo light variations and a photometric period of 89.0 ± 0.3 days was determined. Evidence suggests that these brightness variations are due to the rotation of unevenly distributed starspots. On sabbatical leave from Physics Department, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.  相似文献   

A confidence region in a ternary diagram from point counts     

G. S. Watson  Ha Nguyen 《Mathematical Geology》1985,17(2):209-213

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Mode constraints on nonradial pulsations from polarization data     

R. D. Watson 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1983,92(2):293-306

The distortion of the surface of a hot variable star undergoing nonradial pulsation produces a variable polarization. Resultant changes in the Stokes parameters are here calculated analytically in the linear regime as a function of both the pulsation mode (l, m) and the orientation of the stellar rotation axis. It is shown that all of the necessary stellar atmosphere information may be condensed into one simple integral. The analytic form permits a systematic appraisal of the mode-discriminating ability of polarization observations. A suitable systematic approach is outlined and illustrated with reference to the data for BW Vul.  相似文献   

Some speculations on the randomness of nature     

G. M. Philip  D. F. Watson 《Mathematical Geology》1987,19(6):571-573

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The XMM-Newton Serendipitous Sky Survey     

Prof.  Mike Watson 《Astronomy& Geophysics》2007,48(5):5.30-5.30

Mike Watson heralds the 2XMM catalogue, a valuable new X-ray astronomy resource compiled from XMM-Newton observations.  相似文献   

Stewardship of things: The radical potential of product stewardship for re-framing responsibilities and relationships to products and materials     

Ruth Lane  Matt Watson 《Geoforum》2012,43(6):1254-1265

In the context of broad-based concerns about the need to move towards a more sustainable materials economy, particularly as they are expressed in debates around Ecological Modernisation (EM), we argue that product stewardship has radical potential as a means to promote significant change in the relationship between society and the material world. We focus on two important dimensions that have been neglected in approaches to product stewardship to date. Firstly, we argue that immanent within the basic concept of stewardship is a problematisation of dominant understandings of property ownership in neoliberal market economies. In the space opened up by notions of stewardship, different ways of enacting both rights and responsibilities to products and materials emerge which have potential to advance the sustainability of material economies. Secondly, through exploration of existing expressions of product stewardship, we uncover a neglected scale of action. Both policy and dominant articulations of EM focus primarily on the efficiency of production processes; and secondarily, the attitudes and behaviours of individual consumers. Missing from this is the ‘meso-scale’ of social collectives including households, neighbourhoods, more distributed communities and small scale social enterprises. Based on a review of existing research from Australia and the UK, including our own, we argue that understanding of embedded practices of material responsibility at the household scale can both reinvigorate the concept of product stewardship as a potentially radical intervention, and reveal the potential of the meso-scale as a challenging but worthwhile realm of policy intervention.  相似文献   

Transgressions of the man on the moon: climate change,Indigenous expertise,and the posthumanist ethics of place and space     

Annette Watson  Orville Huntington 《GeoJournal》2014,79(6):721-736

Indigenous peoples have been enrolled in climate change research for decades, participating in data-gathering, as writing collaborators, and serving as the symbolic “canary in the coal mine” for public outreach and policy-making. They have indeed experienced some of the most rapid environmental changes, but rather than emphasize their vulnerabilities, we argue their expertise is narrowly understood in formulating knowledge; the research on climate change has a limited understanding of what it might mean to be inter- or trans-disciplinary because research is formulated exclusively through the assumptions of Enlightenment thought, without sufficiently engaging non-Western subjectivities. Qualitative social sciences and “Indigenous methodologies” can be used to better achieve trans-disciplinarity; in this article we re-tell a story told by Native elders from tribes across Alaska about the “man on the moon.” While literally referring to the US moon landing, elders invoke this story when addressing climate change: it teaches the ethics of the human-nature relationship, developed from a “more-than-human” (or “posthuman”) philosophy. Our data comes from participant-observation and oral history; we draw upon poststructuralist theory, and frame our analysis through the literatures of critical geography, science studies, and American Indian studies. To ensure that Indigenous peoples are not used as props in Western policy agendas, researchers must engage with non-Enlightenment intellectual traditions. More than being a source of data or a symbol of humanity’s ruin, Indigenous wisdom can productively inform sustainable policy agendas to adapt to climate change. What can be learned, for example, is a more-than-human ethics of place and space.  相似文献   

Empirical modelling of site-specific errors in continuous GPS data   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Michael Moore  Christopher Watson  Matt King  Simon McClusky  Paul Tregoning 《Journal of Geodesy》2014,88(9):887-900

Continuous global positioning system (GPS) stations propagate biases and spurious signals into the derived parameter time series when the measurements are subject to site-specific effects, such as multipath. This is a particular problem in the investigation of geophysical and atmospheric phenomena where signals may be small in magnitude. A methodology to remove these erroneous signals from long-term time series will significantly increase the usefulness of the derived time series. This work provides the theoretical basis for use of an empirical site model (ESM) derived from post-fit phase residuals to mitigate unmodelled site-specific errors. Additionally, we also investigate the effectiveness of applying an ESM to a regional GPS network and a short baseline solution. Under most observing scenarios, we show that the ESM approach is predicted to improve the precision and accuracy of the site coordinates. However, it is important to note that we found some scenarios where the ESM can introduce a bias. For instance, when the antenna is mounted close to the ground. In this scenario, for a short baseline, we observed the introduction of a 4-mm bias in height. Use of an ESM for the same short baseline with an uncalibrated radome substantially improves the results by removing a large bias of over 10 mm in height. Similarly, application of an ESM derived from historic data yields similar improvements. This demonstrates that the ESM can be a powerful tool when applied to appropriate site-specific configurations and could potentially be implemented in routine GPS analysis for a broad range of applications.  相似文献